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TATSUMI TomokoGraduate School of Intercultural Studies / Department of Culture and GlobalizationAssociate Professor
Research activity information
■ Paper- Wiley, Jul. 2023, Cognitive Science, 47(8) (8)Scientific journal
- Abstract This study investigates how Japanese-speaking children learn interactional dependencies in conversations that determine the use of un, a token typically used as a positive response for yes-no questions, backchannel, and acknowledgement. We hypothesise that children learn to produce un appropriately by recognising different types of cues occurring in the immediately preceding turns. We built a set of generalised linear models on the longitudinal conversation data from seven children aged 1 to 5 years and their caregivers. Our models revealed that children not only increased their un production, but also learned to attend relevant cues in the preceding turns to understand when to respond by producing un. Children increasingly produced un when their interlocutors asked a yes-no question or signalled the continuation of their own speech. These results illustrate how children learn the probabilistic dependency between adjacent turns, and become able to participate in conversational interactions.Lead, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Jul. 2022, Journal of Child Language, 1 - 19, International magazine[Refereed]Scientific journal
- F1000 Research Ltd, Jan. 2022, Open Research Europe, 1, 1 - 1, International magazine
How do language learners avoid the production of verb argument structure overgeneralization errors (*The clown laughed the man c.f. The clown made the man laugh), while retaining the ability to apply such generalizations productively when appropriate? This question has long been seen as one that is both particularly central to acquisition research and particularly challenging. Focussing on causative overgeneralization errors of this type, a previous study reported a computational model that learns, on the basis of corpus data and human-derived verb-semantic-feature ratings, to predict adults’ by-verb preferences for less- versus more-transparent causative forms (e.g., * The clown laughed the man vs The clown made the man laugh) across English, Hebrew, Hindi, Japanese and K’iche Mayan. Here, we tested the ability of this model (and an expanded version with multiple hidden layers) to explain binary grammaticality judgment data from children aged 4;0-5;0, and elicited-production data from children aged 4;0-5;0 and 5;6-6;6 (N=48 per language). In general, the model successfully simulated both children’s judgment and production data, with correlations of r=0.5-0.6 and r=0.75-0.85, respectively, and also generalized to unseen verbs. Importantly, learners of all five languages showed some evidence of making the types of overgeneralization errors – in both judgments and production – previously observed in naturalistic studies of English (e.g., *I’m dancing it). Together with previous findings, the present study demonstrates that a simple learning model can explain (a) adults’ continuous judgment data, (b) children’s binary judgment data and (c) children’s production data (with no training of these datasets), and therefore constitutes a plausible mechanistic account of the acquisition of verbs’ argument structure restrictions.
[Refereed]Scientific journal - Center for Open Science, Jun. 2021, English
How do children learn to use discourse markers in conversational interactions? This study focused on a Japanese discourse marker un, typically used as a positive response for yes-no questions and as a backchannel, and tested our prediction that children first learn to use un to respond to questions and then use it as backchannels after interlocutors signal the continuation of their discourse. To this end, we built generalised linear models on the longitudinal conversation data from seven children aged between 1 and 5 years and their caregivers. Our model revealed that children not only increase the general probability of un to reach adults’ rates, but also learn to use un in response to yes-no questions as we predicted. Children also tend to produce un as a backchannel after the interlocutor’s final modal particle ne, which is typically used to set a common ground. Our results show that children gradually learn different interactional contexts for the use of un from local probabilistic coherence between turns in conversations.
- Japanese polite language (teineigo) varies with the speaker-addressee relationship as well as social norms. Descriptive studies have found that young Japanese children use polite-speech early in development. This claim was experimentally tested in 3- to 6-year-old Japanese children and correct use of polite verb forms was found even in the youngest children. The early acquisition of these verb forms is surprising, because there is a Japanese social norm that parental speech to children is mostly not polite, so it is not clear how children acquire the knowledge of how to use polite forms. To examine this, a large scale corpus analysis of polite language was performed using a probabilistic measure of the intended addressee. We confirmed that parental speech is mostly not polite, but parents also produced a substantial amount of polite language that varied appropriately with addressees and this can help to explain the early use of polite speech in Japanese children under experimental conditions.University of California Press, Mar. 2021, Collabra: Psychology, 7(1) (1), 18989[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Elsevier BV, Sep. 2020, Cognition, 202, 104310 - 104310[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Lead, SAGE Publications, Jun. 2020, First Language, 41(1) (1), 014272372092632 - 014272372092632[Refereed]Scientific journal
- University of California Press, Apr. 2019, Collabra: Psychology, 5(1) (1), 18 - 18[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Cambridge University Press (CUP), Sep. 2018, Journal of Child Language, 45(5) (5), 1144 - 1173
Abstract This study tested the claim of input-based accounts of language acquisition that children's inflectional errors reflect competition between different forms of the same verb in memory. In order to distinguish this claim from the claim that inflectional errors reflect the use of a morphosyntactic default, we focused on the Japanese verb system, which shows substantial by-verb variation in the frequency distribution of past and nonpast forms. 22 children aged 3;2–5;8 (Study 1) and 26 children aged 2;7–4;11 (Study 2) completed elicited production studies designed to elicit past and nonpast forms of 20 verbs (past-biased and nonpast-biased). Children made errors in both directions, using past forms in nonpast contexts, and vice versa, with the likelihood of each determined by the frequency bias of the two forms in the input language, even after controlling for telicity. This bi-directional pattern provides particularly direct evidence for the role of frequency-sensitive competition between stored forms.[Refereed]Scientific journal - Wiley, May 2018, Cognitive Science, 42, 555 - 577[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Mar. 2017, JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-HUMAN PERCEPTION AND PERFORMANCE, 43(3) (3), 466 - 476, English[Refereed]Scientific journal
- University of Liverpool, 2017, Doctoral dissertation, EnglishChildren’s acquisition of verb inflection in Japanese: contrasting generativist and constructivist approachesDoctoral thesis
- Nov. 2016, JOURNAL OF CHILD LANGUAGE, 43(6) (6), 1365 - 1384, English[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Linguistic Society of Japan, 2013, LSJ Journal Gengo Kenkyu, 144(144) (144), 83 - 101, EnglishInversion in Sayula Popoluca[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Contributor, 言語習得, 文理閣, Apr. 2023, Japanese, ISBN: 9784892599248しゃべるヒト : ことばの不思議を科学する
- ひつじ書房, Sep. 2021, Japanese, ISBN: 4823410793言えそうなのに言わないのはなぜか—構文の制約と創造性 (言語学翻訳叢書 21)
- Joint work, 子供の言語の文法的生産性を探る 第一言語習得における日本語の動詞屈折について, ひつじ書房, Dec. 2020, Japanese, ISBN: 9784894769953Toward Dynamic Interaction between Cognitive Linguistics and Discourse-functional Linguistics: New Frontiers in the Usage-based Approach to Grammar
- 思考と言語研究会 (TL), Nov. 2022Deep learning verb production model using input from visual animations
- 日本認知科学会第39回大会, Sep. 2022接触回数の増加による会話中の沈黙と話題選択への影響 －日中接触場面と日本語母語場面の分析－Poster presentation
- 日本認知科学会第39回大会, Sep. 2022文法構文の適切な一般化は何歳で可能になるか －日本語を母語とする６、７、８歳児を対象とした人工言語産出実験から－Poster presentation
- Lancaster Conference on Infant & Early Child Development, Aug. 2022Children's Repetitions Change in Abstractness: a Quantitative Analysis on Japanese Child-Caregiver ConversationsPoster presentation
- Lancaster Conference on Infant & Early Child Development, Aug. 2022How children learn to answer questions A comparative corpus study on Japanese and EnglishPoster presentation
- WORKSHOP ON INTERACTION AND MULTIMODALITY IN LANGUAGE ACQUISITION, Jun. 2022Don’t ask me the same question again! A longitudinal corpus analysis on Japanese-speaking children’s responses to questions.Oral presentation
- 神戸大学創立120周年記念 異分野共創国際シンポジウム, Mar. 2022質問と返答のやりとりの学習と発達的変化−日本語親子会話コーパスの分析から−Nominated symposium
- ヒューマンコミュニケーション基礎研究会（HCS）, Jan. 2020会話のやりとりからみる幼児の日本語動詞の文法発達
- THE 44th ANNUAL BOSTON UNIVERSITY CONFERENCE ON LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT (BUCLD), Nov. 2019Disappearing causative overgeneralization errors across five languages: The roles of verb semantics and statistical preemption
- MAPLL-TCP-TL 2019, Jul. 2019The role of parental input in the acquisition of Japanese politeness distinctions
- Japanese Psychological Association, 2018, Japanese, Domestic conference子供の文法知識を探る—第１言語習得における日本語の動詞屈折について—Oral presentation
- Japanese Psychological Association, 2018, Japanese, 仙台, Domestic conference子供の過剰一般化エラーから文法習得メカニズムを探る－第一言語習得の通言語的研究プロジェクトにおける日本語の使役構造の研究Poster presentation
- Child Language Symposium, 2018, English, Reading, United Kingdom, International conferenceAvoid causative overgeneralization errors across three languages (English, Hindi and Japanese): The role of semanticsOral presentation
- JSLS Annual meeting, 2016, English, Tokyo, Domestic conferenceMorphological complexity and frequency in children's acquisition of Japanese verb formsOral presentation
- Boston University Conference on Language Development, 2015, English, 米国, International conferencePredicting past and non-past errors in the acquisition of Japanese verb inflectionOral presentation
- Child Language Symposium, 2015, English, United Kingdom, International conferenceChildren’s bidirectional defaulting in the acquisition of Japanese verb inflectionOral presentation
- International Workshop on Mental Architecture for Processing and Learning of Language, 2015, Japanese, Kagawa, Japan, International conferenceChildren’s bidirectional defaulting in the acquisition of Japanese verb inflectionPoster presentation
- 149th Meeting of the Linguistic Society of Japan, 2014, Japanese, Matsuyama, Japan, Domestic conference日本語の第一言語獲得早期における動詞屈折とインプットOral presentation
- Georgetown University Round Table at Georgetown University, 2014, English, Washington D.C., United States, International conferenceChildren’s acquisition of a morpheme in chunks: a case study on Japanese verbal conjunctive markerPoster presentation
- 147th Meeting of the Linguistic Society of Japan, 2013, Japanese, Tokyo, Japan, Domestic conferenceL1 言語獲得における複合動詞「X スル」のプロソディーとチャンク化Oral presentation
- Encuentro Internacional de la Lingüística de Noroeste, 2012, Spanish, Castilian, Hermosillo, Mexico, International conferenceObviation in Sayula PopolucaOral presentation
- 第22回日本認知言語学会全国大会構文の学習と部分的生産性の条件付け要因の探索的研究Public symposium
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory), National Museum of Ethnology, 09 Jul. 2021 - 31 Mar. 2024Language Change and Social Norms Reanalyzed through Human Biologyオンラインでの研究会を開催し、スタートアップメンバーによるそれぞれの分野の紹介と視点の共有を行った。分野ごとの視点の違い、また、言語変化や言語変化に関する興味の持ち方の違いを明らかにするのが目的であったが、実際にはそれ以前に、各分野で基盤となっている知識について、分野が異なる研究者間でほとんど共有されていないことが明らかになった。そのため、まず、脳に関すること、文化に関すること、言語そのものに関すること、動物のコミュニケーションに関すること等、まず一歩立ち戻った基礎情報の共有をする必要性が指摘された。これを受けて、言語が伝わる仕組み、言語習得、言語教育と言語の継承、言語損傷、動物のコミュニケーション等について、一般向けの概要をまとめ、メンバー間で共有するだけでなく、民博の秋の特別展示で紹介できるようにした。また、二年度目以降に開催する研究会の具体的なテーマについて検討を進めた。
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists, Kobe University, 01 Apr. 2019 - 31 Mar. 2023Investigating the unit of language acquisition: young children's chunk-based learning of Japanese verb predicates当該年度の研究実績は、データ解析を進め、論文執筆を進めたことである。２０２１年よりプログラミングを用いたコーパスデータの解析を研究員と共に進めている。ウェブ上で公開されている言語習得会話コーパスのデータベースであるCHILDES database を用いて、日本語の幼児とその保護者の会話における言語形式の繰り返しの量や、文法構造の繰り返しや語の繰り返しなど、タイプ別の発達的変化等を解析している。このデータ解析について、2件の研究をそれぞれ論文発表する予定である。１件目については現在ジャーナル投稿用の論文を執筆しているほか、２０２２年８月に行われる国際学会における発表に応募している。この研究は、これまで英語のデータで研究されてきた相互行為上の繰り返しや同調という現象を日本語データにおいて定量的に検証するものである。日本語と英語では、文法構造や分析単位が異なる（日本語における形態的に複雑な動詞など）。このような言語間の差異が、どのように繰り返しという言語使用上の現象や習得プロセスに影響をもたらすかを明らかにすることを目的にしている。第一言語習得における縦断的変化の重要な１側面を明らかにすると共に、通言語的な考察から、習得プロセスの一般性及び言語個別性についての示唆を得ることが期待される。また、２件目の研究は、ディスコース上の繰り返しの機能を含めた分析を行うもので、現在、先行文献を読み進めると同時に解析も進めているところである。この研究では、学習という側面と同時に、会話における言語産出が相互行為の中でもつ意味について焦点を当てるものである。
- 日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 特別研究員奨励費, 東京外国語大学, 01 Apr. 2013 - 31 Mar. 2015ワステコ語言語獲得における統語構文の発達についての記述的研究研究実績は、言語獲得に関する理論および方法論に関する成果と、実際の調査や論文発表に関する成果の2つに分けられる。 まず、幼児の言語構造の習得に関する理論および方法論についてその基礎を身につけたことにより、自身の研究課題に最適な研究方法を考え、理論的背景を含めた論文の構成を練り直した。特に、研究指導委託の機会で多くの学びを得られたことが重要であった。心理言語学における定量的なアプローチの方法、データベースを利用した研究や、実験研究の方法を実際の研究をする中で覚えたことが、今後のより発展的な研究への土台となった。 こうした方法論をもって、2014年度にコーパスデータを用いた動詞形態論の研究および聞き取りの実験研究を実施した。前者のコーパス研究については、論文を執筆後に雑誌投稿し、査読中である。後者の実験研究は、データ分析が終了し、現在論文の執筆中である。特別研究員採用期間中の研究発表は、国内外での研究会や学会における口頭発表およびポスター発表が主となった。 また、自身の研究だけでなく、学会や研究会での交流や、研究指導委託の間に海外の研究者とのつながりを構築できたことも、今後の研究活動につながる成果であったと言える。