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HIRATA NaoyukiGraduate School of Science / Division of PlanetologyAssistant Professor
Researcher basic information
■ Research news- 07 Aug. 2020, Huge ring-like structure on the surface of Jupiter’s moon Ganymede may have been caused by a violent impact
- 25 Mar. 2020, Creating a crater to constrain the age of an asteroid's surface
- 27 Nov. 2019, Impact crater data analysis of Ryugu asteroid illuminates complicated geological history
Research activity information
■ Paper- Abstract Ganymede has an ancient impact structure called a furrow system. The furrow system is the largest impact structure in the outer solar system, and the impact should have significantly affected Ganymede’s early history; however, its effects are poorly understood. No attention has been given to the center of the furrow system coinciding with Ganymede's tidal axis, indicating that mass redistribution induced by the furrow-forming impact caused a reorientation (true polar wander) of Ganymede. We propose that the impact ejecta created a mass anomaly that reoriented the impact site toward the tidal axis. We found that an impactor with a radius of 150 km and an incidence angle between 60° and 90° most accurately reproduces the current location of the furrow system. We predict that future explorations would reveal remnant topographic profiles or gravity anomalies associated with the furrow-forming impact and reorientation. Additionally, various possible explanations for the reorientation of Ganymede, such as an impactor-origin mascon beneath the basin or a thickness variation in the lithosphere, should be studied.Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Sep. 2024, Scientific Reports, 14(1) (1), English[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Last, Elsevier BV, Aug. 2024, Icarus, 418, 116153 - 116153, English[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Corresponding, Elsevier BV, May 2024, Icarus, 414, 116031 - 116031, English[Refereed]Scientific journal
- American Geophysical Union (AGU), Mar. 2023, Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, 128(3) (3), English[Refereed]Scientific journal
- The Hayabusa2 spacecraft collected samples from the surface of the carbonaceous near-Earth asteroid (162173) Ryugu and brought them to Earth. The samples were expected to contain organic molecules, which record processes that occurred in the early Solar System. We analyzed organic molecules extracted from the Ryugu surface samples. We identified a variety of molecules containing the atoms CHNOS, formed by methylation, hydration, hydroxylation, and sulfurization reactions. Amino acids, aliphatic amines, carboxylic acids, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and nitrogen-heterocyclic compounds were detected, which had properties consistent with an abiotic origin. These compounds likely arose from an aqueous reaction on Ryugu’s parent body and are similar to the organics in Ivuna-type meteorites. These molecules can survive on the surfaces of asteroids and be transported throughout the Solar System.American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Feb. 2023, Science, 379(6634) (6634)[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Samples of the carbonaceous asteroid (162173) Ryugu were collected and brought to Earth by the Hayabusa2 spacecraft. We investigated the macromolecular organic matter in Ryugu samples and found that it contains aromatic and aliphatic carbon, ketone, and carboxyl functional groups. The spectroscopic features of the organic matter are consistent with those in chemically primitive carbonaceous chondrite meteorites that experienced parent-body aqueous alteration (reactions with liquid water). The morphology of the organic carbon includes nanoglobules and diffuse carbon associated with phyllosilicate and carbonate minerals. Deuterium and/or nitrogen-15 enrichments indicate that the organic matter formed in a cold molecular cloud or the presolar nebula. The diversity of the organic matter indicates variable levels of aqueous alteration on Ryugu's parent body.Feb. 2023, Science (New York, N.Y.), 379(6634) (6634), eabn9057, English, International magazine[Refereed]Scientific journal
- The near-Earth carbonaceous asteroid (162173) Ryugu is expected to contain volatile chemical species that could provide information on the origin of Earth’s volatiles. Samples of Ryugu were retrieved by the Hayabusa2 spacecraft. We measured noble gas and nitrogen isotopes in Ryugu samples and found that they are dominated by presolar and primordial components, incorporated during Solar System formation. Noble gas concentrations are higher than those in Ivuna-type carbonaceous (CI) chondrite meteorites. Several host phases of isotopically distinct nitrogen have different abundances among the samples. Our measurements support a close relationship between Ryugu and CI chondrites. Noble gases produced by galactic cosmic rays, indicating a ~5 million year exposure, and from implanted solar wind record the recent irradiation history of Ryugu after it migrated to its current orbit.American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Feb. 2023, Science, 379(6634) (6634)[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Carbonaceous meteorites are thought to be fragments of C-type (carbonaceous) asteroids. Samples of the C-type asteroid (162173) Ryugu were retrieved by the Hayabusa2 spacecraft. We measured the mineralogy and bulk chemical and isotopic compositions of Ryugu samples. The samples are mainly composed of materials similar to those of carbonaceous chondrite meteorites, particularly the CI (Ivuna-type) group. The samples consist predominantly of minerals formed in aqueous fluid on a parent planetesimal. The primary minerals were altered by fluids at a temperature of 37° ± 10°C, about million (statistical) or million (systematic) years after the formation of the first solids in the Solar System. After aqueous alteration, the Ryugu samples were likely never heated above ~100°C. The samples have a chemical composition that more closely resembles that of the Sun’s photosphere than other natural samples do.American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Feb. 2023, Science, 379(6634) (6634)[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Without a protective atmosphere, space-exposed surfaces of airless Solar System bodies gradually experience an alteration in composition, structure and optical properties through a collective process called space weathering. The return of samples from near-Earth asteroid (162173) Ryugu by Hayabusa2 provides the first opportunity for laboratory study of space-weathering signatures on the most abundant type of inner solar system body: a C-type asteroid, composed of materials largely unchanged since the formation of the Solar System. Weathered Ryugu grains show areas of surface amorphization and partial melting of phyllosilicates, in which reduction from Fe3+ to Fe2+ and dehydration developed. Space weathering probably contributed to dehydration by dehydroxylation of Ryugu surface phyllosilicates that had already lost interlayer water molecules and to weakening of the 2.7 µm hydroxyl (-OH) band in reflectance spectra. For C-type asteroids in general, this indicates that a weak 2.7 µm band can signify space-weathering-induced surface dehydration, rather than bulk volatile loss.2023, Nature astronomy, 7(2) (2), 170 - 181, English, International magazine[Refereed]Scientific journal
- The Hayabusa2 spacecraft returned to Earth from the asteroid 162173 Ryugu on 6 December 2020. One day after the recovery, the gas species retained in the sample container were extracted and measured on-site and stored in gas collection bottles. The container gas consists of helium and neon with an extraterrestrial 3 He/ 4 He and 20 Ne/ 22 Ne ratios, along with some contaminant terrestrial atmospheric gases. A mixture of solar and Earth’s atmospheric gas is the best explanation for the container gas composition. Fragmentation of Ryugu grains within the sample container is discussed on the basis of the estimated amount of indigenous He and the size distribution of the recovered Ryugu grains. This is the first successful return of gas species from a near-Earth asteroid.American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Nov. 2022, Science Advances, 8(46) (46)[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Oct. 2022, Nature Astronomy, 6(10) (10), 1163 - 1171[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Japan Academy, Jun. 2022, Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Series B, 98(6) (6), 227 - 282[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Elsevier BV, Jun. 2022, Planetary and Space Science, 219, 105519 - 105519[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Elsevier BV, May 2022, Icarus, 377, 114909 - 114909, English[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Elsevier BV, May 2022, Icarus, 378, 114919 - 114919, English[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Elsevier BV, May 2022, Icarus, 378, 114920 - 114920, English[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Elsevier BV, Apr. 2022, Icarus, 382, 115022 - 115022, English[Refereed]Scientific journal
- The Hayabusa2 spacecraft investigated the C-type (carbonaceous) asteroid (162173) Ryugu. The mission performed two landing operations to collect samples of surface and subsurface material, the latter exposed by an artificial impact. We present images of the second touchdown site, finding that ejecta from the impact crater was present at the sample location. Surface pebbles at both landing sites show morphological variations ranging from rugged to smooth, similar to Ryugu’s boulders, and shapes from quasi-spherical to flattened. The samples were returned to Earth on 6 December 2020. We describe the morphology of >5 grams of returned pebbles and sand. Their diverse color, shape, and structure are consistent with the observed materials of Ryugu; we conclude that they are a representative sample of the asteroid.American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Mar. 2022, Science, 375(6584) (6584), 1011 - 1016[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Feb. 2022, Nature Astronomy, 6(2) (2), 214 - 220, English[Refereed]Scientific journal
- 2022, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 666[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Dec. 2021, Earth, Planets and Space, 73(1) (1)
Abstract In this study, we determined the alignment of the laser altimeter aboard Hayabusa2 with respect to the spacecraft using in-flight data. Since the laser altimeter data were used to estimate the trajectory of the Hayabusa2 spacecraft, the pointing direction of the altimeter needed to be accurately determined. The boresight direction of the receiving telescope was estimated by comparing elevations of the laser altimeter data and camera images, and was confirmed by identifying prominent terrains of other datasets. The estimated boresight direction obtained by the laser link experiment in the winter of 2015, during the Earth’s gravity assist operation period, differed from the direction estimated in this study, which fell on another part of the candidate direction; this was not selected in a previous study. Assuming that the uncertainty of alignment determination of the laser altimeter boresight was 4.6 pixels in the camera image, the trajectory error of the spacecraft in the cross- and/or along-track directions was determined to be 0.4, 2.1, or 8.6 m for altitudes of 1, 5, or 20 km, respectively.[Refereed]Scientific journal - Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Dec. 2021, Earth, Planets and Space, 73(1) (1), English[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Abstract Ryugu is a carbonaceous rubble-pile asteroid visited by the Hayabusa2 spacecraft. Small rubble pile asteroids record the thermal evolution of their much larger parent bodies. However, recent space weathering and/or solar heating create ambiguities between the uppermost layer observable by remote-sensing and the pristine material from the parent body. Hayabusa2 remote-sensing observations find that on the asteroid (162173) Ryugu both north and south pole regions preserve the material least processed by space weathering, which is spectrally blue carbonaceous chondritic material with a 0–3% deep 0.7-µm band absorption, indicative of Fe-bearing phyllosilicates. Here we report that spectrally blue Ryugu’s parent body experienced intensive aqueous alteration and subsequent thermal metamorphism at 570–670 K (300–400 °C), suggesting that Ryugu’s parent body was heated by radioactive decay of short-lived radionuclides possibly because of its early formation 2–2.5 Ma. The samples being brought to Earth by Hayabusa2 will give us our first insights into this epoch in solar system history.Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Dec. 2021, Nature Communications, 12(1) (1), 5837 - 5837, English, International magazine[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Oct. 2021, Advances in Space Research, 68(8) (8), 3093 - 3140[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Corresponding, Elsevier BV, Oct. 2021, Icarus, 367, 114590 - 114590[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Elsevier BV, Sep. 2021, Icarus, 366, 114530 - 114530, English[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Aug. 2021, Nature Astronomy, 5(8) (8), 766 - 774[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Elsevier BV, Aug. 2021, Icarus, 364, 114474 - 114474[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Apr. 2021, ICARUS, 358, English[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Mar. 2021, Nature Astronomy, 5(3) (3), 246 - 250[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Japan Society for Aeronautical and Space Sciences, 2021, TRANSACTIONS OF THE JAPAN SOCIETY FOR AERONAUTICAL AND SPACE SCIENCES, AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY JAPAN, 19(5) (5), 654 - 659Scientific journal
- Jan. 2021, ICARUS, 354, English[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Jan. 2021, ICARUS, 354, English[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Dec. 2020, ICARUS, 352, English[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Elsevier BV, Nov. 2020, Icarus, 351, 113959 - 113959[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Oct. 2020, SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS, 216(7) (7), English[Refereed]
- Sep. 2020, ICARUS, 348, English[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Elsevier BV, Jul. 2020, Icarus, 344, 113346 - 113346[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Jul. 2020, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 639[Refereed]Scientific journal
- The near-Earth asteroid (162173) Ryugu is thought to be a primitive carbonaceous object that contains hydrated minerals and organic molecules. We report sample collection from Ryugu’s surface by the Hayabusa2 spacecraft on 21 February 2019. Touchdown images and global observations of surface colors are used to investigate the stratigraphy of the surface around the sample location and across Ryugu. Latitudinal color variations suggest the reddening of exposed surface material by solar heating and/or space weathering. Immediately after touchdown, Hayabusa2’s thrusters disturbed dark, fine grains that originate from the redder materials. The stratigraphic relationship between identified craters and the redder material indicates that surface reddening occurred over a short period of time. We suggest that Ryugu previously experienced an orbital excursion near the Sun.American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), May 2020, Science, 368(6491) (6491), 654 - 659, English, International magazine, Co-authored internationally[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Apr. 2020, Science, 368(6486) (6486)[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Mar. 2020, NATURE, 579(7800) (7800), 518 - 522, English, International magazine[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Mar. 2020, ICARUS, 338, English[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Mar. 2020, ICARUS, 338(1) (1), 113 - 527, English[Refereed]Scientific journal
- 2020, Advances in the Astronautical Sciences, 171, 3101 - 3120[Refereed]International conference proceedings
- Oct. 2019, ICARUS, 331, 179 - 191, English[Refereed]Scientific journal
- EDP Sciences, Aug. 2019, ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS, 629, A13 - A13, English
Context. Starting from late June 2018, the JAXA asteroid sample return mission Hayabusa2 acquired a large quantity of resolved images and spectra of the surface of the asteroid (162173) Ryugu.Aims. By studying the visible and near-infrared spectral behavior across the surface of Ryugu using a statistical analysis, we aim to distinguish spectral homogeneous groups and to detect the small heterogeneities. This allows us to better constrain the surface composition variations.Methods. In order to isolate and interpret the difference in the asteroid surface spectral behavior, we applied theG -mode multivariate statistical analysis to a set of pixels containing information of (i) the visible ONC-T spectrophotometry, and (ii) the near-infrared NIRS3 spectra thereby obtaining automatic statistical clustering at different confidence levels.Results. The analysis of both ONC-T and NIRS3 data allows us to highlight small spectral variations on the Ryugu surface. At a 3σ confidence level, only two groups are evident, while going down to 2σ more groups are obtained with differences in spectral slope and band depth.Conclusions. The identified groups have been associated with main morphological surface features. The spectral slope variations that characterize the small groups obtained by ONC-T data analysis, are interpreted as a consequence of space weathering with the presence of more or less fresh material and/or the different grain sizes of the regolith. The variations found analyzing the NIRS3 data are attributed to slightly different contents of hydrated material and different regolith sizes. The distribution on the Ryugu surface of the groups obtained by the analysis of the two instruments indicates a clear spectral dichotomy both between the east and west, and the north and south hemispheres. Small sized regolith grains associated to the redder spectra seem concentrated in the southwestern part of the body.[Refereed]Scientific journal - Aug. 2019, METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE, 54, ., EnglishSPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ASTEROID (162173) RYUGU WITH HAYABUSA2 NIRS3[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Aug. 2019, METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE, 54, ., EnglishHAYABUSA2: CURRENT SUMMARY.[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Aug. 2019, METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE, 54, ., EnglishRYUGU'S PARENT-BODY PROCESSES ESTIMATED FROM HAYABUSA2 MULTI-BAND OPTICAL OBSERVATIONS[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Jul. 2019, JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS, 124(7) (7), 1717 - 1727, English[Refereed]Scientific journal
- The Hayabusa2 spacecraft arrived at the near-Earth carbonaceous asteroid 162173 Ryugu in 2018. We present Hayabusa2 observations of Ryugu's shape, mass, and geomorphology. Ryugu has an oblate "spinning top" shape, with a prominent circular equatorial ridge. Its bulk density, 1.19 ± 0.02 grams per cubic centimeter, indicates a high-porosity (>50%) interior. Large surface boulders suggest a rubble-pile structure. Surface slope analysis shows Ryugu's shape may have been produced from having once spun at twice the current rate. Coupled with the observed global material homogeneity, this suggests that Ryugu was reshaped by centrifugally induced deformation during a period of rapid rotation. From these remote-sensing investigations, we identified a suitable sample collection site on the equatorial ridge.Apr. 2019, Science (New York, N.Y.), 364(6437) (6437), 268 - 272, English, International magazine[Refereed]Scientific journal
- The near-Earth asteroid 162173 Ryugu, the target of Hayabusa2 sample return mission, is thought to be a primitive carbonaceous object. We report reflectance spectra of Ryugu’s surface acquired with the Near Infrared Spectrometer (NIRS3) on Hayabusa2, to provide direct measurements of the surface composition and geological context for the returned samples. A weak, narrow absorption feature centered at 2.72 μm was detected across the entire observed surface, indicating that hydroxyl (OH)-bearing minerals are ubiquitous there. The intensity of the OH feature and low albedo are similar to thermally- and/or shock-metamorphosed carbonaceous chondrite meteorites. There are few variations in the OH-band position, consistent with Ryugu being a compositionally homogeneous rubble-pile object, generated from impact fragments of an undifferentiated aqueously altered parent body.American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Mar. 2019, Science, 364(6437) (6437), eaav7432 - eaav7432, English[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Mar. 2019, Science, eaaw0422, English[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Mar. 2019, Proceedings of Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 50, 1397, EnglishThe longitudinal dichotomy of 162173 Ryugu as a result of a recent difformation processInternational conference proceedings
- Mar. 2019, 50th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 2658, JapaneseTopography of Large Craters of 162173 RyuguInternational conference proceedings
- Mar. 2019, ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS, 874(1) (1), English[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Mar. 2019, Nature Geoscience, 12, 247–252, EnglishShape of (101955) Bennu indicative of a rubble pile with internal stiffness[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Oct. 2017, ICARUS, 295, 140 - 148, English[Refereed]Scientific journal
- May 2017, ICARUS, 288(15) (15), 69 - 77, English[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Nov. 2016, JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS, 121(11) (11), 2325 - 2334, English[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Aug. 2016, ICARUS, 274, 116 - 121, English[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Feb. 2016, JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS, 121(2) (2), 111 - 117, English[Refereed]Scientific journal
- The Lunar and Planetary Institute, USA, Mar. 2015, 46th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 1832, 1798 - 1799, EnglishPerformance of Hayabusa-2 LIDAR in Acceptance and Verification TestsInternational conference proceedings
- Lead, Jun. 2014, GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 41(12) (12), 4135 - 4141, English[Refereed]Scientific journal
- The Lunar and Planetary Institute, USA, Mar. 2014, 45th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 1777, 1922 - 1923, EnglishDevelopment of Hayabusa-2 LIDARInternational conference proceedings
- 猛烈な勢いで進む太陽系探査の成果を一般に紹介することは,若い世代の知的好奇心を鼓舞するのに有効であるし,探査の意義に関する一般の理解を深める一助にもなりえる.そこで私たちは大学博物館の一員として,太陽系科学/探査に関するアウトリーチ活動を試みた.若い世代に対象を特化したスクール・モバイルミュージアムと,より多くの人材にアプローチできるアミューズメント施設における展示活動を通じて,産学官の連携によって互いにメリットがあるアウトリーチの形が存在しうることを示した.The Japanese Society for Planetary Sciences, 2014, Planetary People - The Japanese Society for Planetary Sciences, 23(4) (4), 323 - 329, Japanese[Refereed]
- American Astronomical Society, USA, Oct. 2013, American Astronomical Society, Devision of Planetary Science Meeting, 45, 112, EnglishScientific Goals of Hayabusa-2 LIDAR ExperimentInternational conference proceedings
- Lead, Jul. 2012, ICARUS, 220(1) (1), 106 - 113, English[Refereed]Scientific journal
- 2023, 宇宙科学技術連合講演会講演集(CD-ROM), 67thPre-arrival Landing Site Selection for the Martian Moons eXploration (MMX)
- 2022, 宇宙科学技術連合講演会講演集(CD-ROM), 66thGeology and Surface Science of Martian Satellites: Perspective for MMX mission
- 2021, 日本惑星科学会秋季講演会予稿集(Web), 2021はやぶさ2探査と微惑星形成
- 2020, 日本惑星科学会秋季講演会予稿集(Web), 2020はやぶさ2SCIによる人工クレーター形成に伴う小惑星リュウグウの再表面化過程
- 2020, 日本惑星科学会秋季講演会予稿集(Web), 2020はやぶさ2のリュウグウ近傍観測の科学成果
- 2019, 日本地球惑星科学連合大会予稿集(Web), 2019ラブルパイル小惑星リュウグウの形状と起源
- 2019, 日本惑星科学会秋季講演会予稿集(Web), 2019Thermal Characteristics of a Crater and Ejecta Materials Generated by a SCI (Small Carry-on Impactor) Experiment and Adjacent Touchdown Area Observed by Thermal Infrared Imager (TIR) onboard HAYABUSA2
- 2018, 日本惑星科学会秋季講演会予稿集(Web), 2018はやぶさ2探査機の観測に基づく小惑星リュウグウの形状
- 2018, 日本惑星科学会秋季講演会予稿集(Web), 2018はやぶさ2によるリュウグウ観測の概観
- 2015, 日本惑星科学会秋季講演会予稿集(Web), 2015JUICEレーザ高度計(GALA)による調査に向けたガニメデ表面の超高精細DEMの作成
- 日本惑星科学会, 10 Sep. 2014, 日本惑星科学会秋期講演会予稿集, 2014, S01, JapaneseS01 土星氷衛星の地質学的研究に基づくエンセラダスとディオーネの熱的再活性化の発見(特別セッション(最優秀発表賞選考),口頭発表)
- 日本惑星科学会, 20 Nov. 2013, 日本惑星科学会秋期講演会予稿集, 2013, "P2 - 19", JapaneseP2-19 最新のカッシーニ探査データに基づくディオーネの表層進化史(ポスターセッション2,ポスター発表)
- 日本惑星科学会, 24 Oct. 2012, 日本惑星科学会秋期講演会予稿集, 2012, 6 - 6, JapaneseS06 土星系の衛星におけるE環粒子の堆積物からわかるE環の性質とエンセラダスの火山活動史(特別セッション:最優秀発表賞選考,口頭発表)(ポスターセッション1,ポスター発表)
- The Japanese Society for Planetary Sciences, 23 Oct. 2011, Abstracts Fall Meeting of the Japanese Society for Planetary Sciences, 2011, 110 - 110, JapaneseS11-04P How to analyze levitating dust on asteroids
- 土星系の魅力的な衛星は,タイタンやエンセラダスだけではない.カッシーニ探査機の活躍によって得られたさまざまな知見は,その他大勢の小型衛星も,太陽系科学において極めて興味深い対象であることを示している.小型衛星は,その小さな重力場や弱い熱的変成履歴という意味で小惑星と対比できるだけでなく,その特徴的な形態や表層の状態が,ほかの衛星や周囲の環と複雑な相互作用の結果であることから,土星系における衛星や環の形成や進化の鍵を握っていると考えられる.本稿では,こうした多様性に富む土星系小型衛星の姿と推定される内部構造,さらには進化史について概説するとともに,今後の探査で期待される観測について議論する.The Japanese Society for Planetary Sciences, 2011, Planetary People - The Japanese Society for Planetary Sciences, 20(4) (4), 271 - 280, Japanese
- The Japanese Society for Planetary Sciences, 06 Oct. 2010, Abstracts Fall Meeting of the Japanese Society for Planetary Sciences, 2010, 19 - 19, Japanese119 Concentration mechanisms of sulfur on Io : Contribution of photochemical reactions
- The Japanese Society for Planetary Sciences, 06 Oct. 2010, Abstracts Fall Meeting of the Japanese Society for Planetary Sciences, 2010, 101 - 101, JapaneseP021 Identification of an impact crater on Atlas : Implications to its resurfacing process
- 日本惑星科学会秋季講演会, Oct. 2023, JapaneseGanymedeのTrue Polar Wanderについての考察Poster presentation
- 日本惑星科学会秋季講演会, Nov. 2020, JapaneseEjecta emplacement as the possible origin of Ryugu's equatrial ridgeOral presentation
- 51st Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Mar. 2020, EnglishGeological Characteristics and History of Asteroid RyuguOral presentation
- 51st Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Mar. 2020, EnglishFrom Asteroid to Martian Moons: A Summary of Results of Hayabusa2 LIDARPoster presentation
- 51st Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Mar. 2020, EnglishComparing Crater Morphologies on Ryugu and BennuPoster presentation
- 51st Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Mar. 2020, EnglishSurface Flow Analysis Based on Spectral Distributions Around Large Boulders on RyuguOral presentation
- 51st Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Mar. 2020, EnglishRotational State and Shapes of Ryugu and Bennu: Implications for Interior Structure and Strength1675Oral presentation
- 51st Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Mar. 2020, EnglishMorphological Analysis of Boulders on Asteroid RyuguOral presentation
- 51st Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Mar. 2020, EnglishUnveiling Highly-Porous Nature of Primitve Asteroid 162173 Ryugu by Thermal Imager on Hayabusa2Oral presentation
- 51st Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Mar. 2020, EnglishColor and Albedo Changes of Ryugu's Surface Observed in the Touchdown Operation of Hayabusa2Oral presentation
- 51st Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Mar. 2020, EnglishPlans of Hayabusa2 ONC Visible Mutiband Image Archive and Public ReleasePoster presentation
- 51st Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Mar. 2020, EnglishShape Reconstruction of the Asteroid Ryugu with Structure-from-Motion MethodPoster presentation
- 51st Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Mar. 2020, EnglishPaucity of Boulders in Shallow Craters on Asteroid 162173 RyuguOral presentation
- 51st Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Mar. 2020, EnglishVisible Color of the Artificial Crater on Ryugu Created by Small Carry-On ImpactorOral presentation
- 51st Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Mar. 2020, EnglishThe Effect of Sphere Packing onto the Dynamics in the Gravitational Field of Rubble-Pile Asteroids: Applications to Ryugus' EjectaOral presentation
- 51st Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Mar. 2020, EnglishThermophysical Property of the Artificial Impact Crater on Asteroid RyuguOral presentation
- American Geophysical Union(AGU) Fall Meeting 2019, Dec. 2019, EnglishA new global database of impact craters on CeresPoster presentation
- 第15回衝突研究会, Nov. 2019リュウグウクレーターの東西不対称性の起源に関する理論的考察Poster presentation
- 第15回衝突研究会, Nov. 2019小惑星リュウグウにおけるメートルサイズのボルダー3軸比Oral presentation
- 第15回衝突研究会, Nov. 2019小惑星Ryuguに働くYORP効果の数値計算 〜自転状態の進化史解明に向けて〜Oral presentation
- 日本惑星科学会2019年秋季大会, Oct. 2019はやぶさ2タッチダウンからあきらかになった小惑星Ryuguの表面の色変化と層序Poster presentation
- 日本惑星科学会2019年秋季大会, Oct. 2019リュウグウでみられるリニアメントの空間的特性Poster presentation
- 日本惑星科学会2019年秋季大会, Oct. 2019Spatial distribution of the depth-diameter ratio of craters on the surface of RyuguPoster presentation
- 日本惑星科学会2019年秋季大会, Oct. 2019小惑星リュウグウのクレーターと周辺ボルダーの関係に着目した表層の層構造の推定Oral presentation
- Annual Meetings of the Meteoritical Society, Jul. 2019, English, Sapporo, International conferenceSpectral characteristics of asteroid (162173) Ryugu with Hayabusa2 NIRS3Oral presentation
- Annual Meetings of the Meteoritical Society, Jul. 2019, English, Sapporo, International conferenceRyugu's parent body processes estimated from Hayabusa2 multi-band optical observationsOral presentation
- Annual Meetings of the Meteoritical Society, Jul. 2019, English, Sapporo, International conferenceHayabusa2: Current SummaryOral presentation
- Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2019, May 2019, Japanese, Makuhari Messe, Chiba, Domestic conferenceDevelopment of smooth area detection method for selection of landing site on a small bodyPoster presentation
- Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2019, May 2019, English, Makuhari Messe, Chiba, International conferenceThe shape and origin of the rubble-pile asteroid Ryugu[Invited]Invited oral presentation
- Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2019, May 2019, English, Makuhari Messe, Chiba, International conferenceThermal Infrared Imaging of C-type Asteroid 162173 Ryugu with Porous SurfacesPoster presentation
- Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2019, May 2019, English, Makuhari Messe, Chiba, International conferenceSize of the Smallest Particles in Saturn's RingsPoster presentation
- Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2019, May 2019, English, Makuhari Messe, Chiba, International conferenceReddening process of the Ryugu surface based on the crater sie-freuency distributionOral presentation
- Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2019, May 2019, English, Makuhari Messe, Chiba, International conferencePreliminary report on global distribution visible spectra of asteroid Ryugu based on clusteringOral presentation
- Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2019, May 2019, English, Makuhari Messe, Chiba, International conferenceImproved Trajectory of Hayabusa2 by Combining LIDAR Data and a Shape ModelOral presentation
- Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2019, May 2019, English, Makuhari Messe, Chiba, International conferenceGeomorphological characteristics of asteroid Ryugu: implications to its evolutional historyOral presentation
- 50th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Mar. 2019, English, The Woodlands Waterway Marriott Hotel and Convention Center, Texas, International conferenceTimescale of reddening process of the Ryugu surface based on the crater size frequency distributionOral presentation
- Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Mar. 2019, English, The Woodlands Waterway Marriott Hotel and Convention Center, Texas, International conferenceThe longitudinal dichotomy of 162173 Ryugu as a result of recent deformationPoster presentation
- 50th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Mar. 2019, English, Houston, International conferenceThe evolution of Ryugu's parent body constrained by Hayabusa2 imaging observationsOral presentation
- 50th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Mar. 2019, English, The Woodlands Waterway Marriott Hotel and Convention Center, Texas, International conferenceThe distribution of crater morphologies across RyuguPoster presentation
- 50th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Mar. 2019, English, The Woodlands Waterway Marriott Hotel and Convention Center, Texas, International conferenceSpatial distribution and morphology of craters on Ryugu: Implications for surface processes on the asteroidOral presentation
- 50th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Mar. 2019, English, The Woodlands Waterway Marriott Hotel and Convention Center, Texas, International conferenceShape reconstruction of the asteroid Ryugu by structure-from-motion technique in Hayabusa2 missionPoster presentation
- 50th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Mar. 2019, English, The Woodlands Waterway Marriott Hotel and Convention Center, Texas, International conferenceImproved trajectory of Hayabusa2 by combining LIDAR data and a shape modelPoster presentation
- 50th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Mar. 2019, English, The Woodlands Waterway Marriott Hotel and Convention Center, Texas, International conferenceImpact velocity between particles in saturn's ringsOral presentation
- 50th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Mar. 2019, English, The Woodlands Waterway Marriott Hotel and Convention Center, Texas, International conferenceHigh porosity nature of the top-shape C-type asterroid 162173 Ryugu as observed by Hayabusa2Oral presentation
- Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Mar. 2019, English, Houston, International conferenceHigh porosity nature of the top-shape C-type asteroid 162173 Ryugu as observed by Hayabusa2Oral presentation
- 50th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Mar. 2019, English, The Woodlands Waterway Marriott Hotel and Convention Center, Texas, International conferenceHayabusa2's multiband disk-integrated photometry of 162173 RyuguPoster presentation
- 50th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Mar. 2019, English, The Woodlands Waterway Marriott Hotel and Convention Center, Texas, International conferenceGeomorphological characteristics of asteroid Ryugu and its preliminary geologic mapPoster presentation
- 50th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Mar. 2019, English, The Woodlands Waterway Marriott Hotel and Convention Center, Texas, International conferenceClustering analysis of visible spectra of asteroid Ryugu and its preliminary global spectrum mapOral presentation
- 50th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Mar. 2019, English, The Woodlands Waterway Marriott Hotel and Convention Center, Texas, International conference3D mapping of structural features on RyuguPoster presentation
- American Geophysical Union(AGU) Fall Meeting 2018, Dec. 2018, English, Washington, D.C., International conferenceWe performed crater size-frequency measurement on Ryugu using high-resolution images obtained by Hayabusa2. Using Ryugu cratering chronology model, the surface age of Ryugu was estimated to be 0.1 to 1 billion years from the density of craters larger thanPoster presentation
- American Geophysical Union(AGU) Fall Meeting 2018, Dec. 2018, English, Washington, D.C., International conferenceVisible spectrophotometry of 162173 RyuguOral presentation
- American Geophysical Union(AGU) Fall Meeting 2018, Dec. 2018, English, Washington, D.C., International conferenceThe distribution of crater morphologies across Ryugu: Implications for seismic shakingPoster presentation
- American Geophysical Union(AGU) Fall Meeting 2018, Dec. 2018, English, Washington, D.C., International conferenceShape and geophysical properties of the asteroid Ryugu from initial observations by Hayabusa2Oral presentation
- American Geophysical Union(AGU) Fall Meeting 2018, Dec. 2018, English, Washington, D.C., International conferencePreliminary geomorphological map of asteroid RyuguPoster presentation
- American Geophysical Union(AGU) Fall Meeting 2018, Dec. 2018, English, Washington, D.C., International conferenceOverview of proximity operations at asteroid Ryugu by Hayabusa2 spacecraftPoster presentation
- American Geophysical Union(AGU) Fall Meeting 2018, Dec. 2018, English, Washington, D.C., International conferenceGlobal distribution of lineaments on RyuguPoster presentation
- American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting 2018, Dec. 2018, English, Washington, D.C., International conferenceGeology on asteroid Ryugu revealed by Hayabusa2 visible multi-band imaging observationsPoster presentation
- American Geophysical Union(AGU) Fall Meeting 2018, Dec. 2018, English, Washington, D.C., International conferenceDistribution and morphology of craters on asteroid RyuguOral presentation
- American Geophysical Union(AGU) Fall Meeting 2018, Dec. 2018, English, Washington, D.C., International conferenceComparison of color maps of asteroids Ryugu and Bennu from the approach phase of Hayabusa2 and OSIRIS-REx missionsOral presentation
- American Geophysical Union(AGU) Fall Meeting 2018, Dec. 2018, English, Washington, D.C., International conferenceClustering analysis of visible spectra of asteroid RyuguPoster presentation
- 日本惑星科学会2018年秋季講演会, Oct. 2018, Japanese, 旭川市科学館サイパル, Domestic conference土星環粒子に働く熱応力と粒径進化Oral presentation
- 日本惑星科学会2018年秋季講演会, Oct. 2018, Japanese, 旭川市科学館サイパル, Domestic conference小惑星リュウグウの岩塊サイズ分布の初期解析結果Oral presentation
- 日本惑星科学会2018年秋季講演会, Oct. 2018, Japanese, 旭川市科学館サイパル, Domestic conference小惑星Ryugu の形状モデル作成Poster presentation
- 日本惑星科学会2018年秋季講演会, Oct. 2018, Japanese, 旭川市科学館サイパル, Domestic conference小惑星Ryugu のクレータサイズ頻度分布と表面年代Oral presentation
- 日本惑星科学会2018年秋季講演会, Oct. 2018, Japanese, 旭川市科学館サイパル, Domestic conference画像データを用いた小惑星(162173)リュウグウの形状モデル作成及び物理的諸量の推定Poster presentation
- 日本惑星科学会2018年秋季講演会, Oct. 2018, Japanese, 旭川市科学館サイパル, Domestic conferenceはやぶさ2 探査機の観測に基づく小惑星リュウグウの形状Oral presentation
- 日本惑星科学会2018年秋季講演会, Oct. 2018, Japanese, 旭川市科学館サイパル, Domestic conferenceはやぶさ2 によるリュウグウ観測の概観Oral presentation
- 日本天文学会2018年秋季年会, Sep. 2018, Japanese, 兵庫県立大学 姫路工学キャンパス, Domestic conference土星リング粒子の衝突速度と最小粒子サイズOral presentation
- Asia Oceania Geosciences Society(AOGS) 15th Annual Meeting, Jun. 2018, English, Honolulu, Hawaii, International conferenceThe Formation of Spokes: The Role of CohesionPoster presentation
- Asia Oceania Geosciences Society(AOGS) 15th Annual Meeting, Jun. 2018, English, Honolulu, Hawaii, International conferenceImpact velocity between particles in Saturn’s rings and implications for the minimum particle sizePoster presentation
- 日本地球惑星科学連合2018年大会, May 2018, Japanese, 幕張メッセ, Domestic conference土星環粒子・氷衛星上のボルダーに働く熱応力とその寿命Poster presentation
- Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2018, May 2018, English, Makuhari Messe, Chiba, International conferenceShape model reconstruction of Ryugoid using StereophotoclinometryPoster presentation
- Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2018, May 2018, English, Makuhari Messe;Chiba, International conferenceAn Estimate of rotational prosperities of asteroid Ryugu using simulated image dataPoster presentation
- 日本惑星科学会2017年度秋季講演会, Sep. 2017, Japanese, 大阪大学 豊中キャンパス, Domestic conferenceガニメデ上のFurrow構造の起源に関する研究Oral presentation
- JpGU-AGU Joint Meeting 2017, May 2017, Japanese, 幕張メッセ, International conference木星衛星ガニメデの画像データの再解析Oral presentation
- JpGU-AGU Joint Meeting 2017, May 2017, English, 幕張メッセ, International conferencePhysical properties of Phobos surface for landing missionOral presentation
- 日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業 若手研究, 若手研究, 神戸大学, 01 Apr. 2020 - 31 Mar. 2023はやぶさ2画像データをつかった、現在・過去の自転状態の解析と表層進化の解明小惑星探査機はやぶさ2の画像データを解析し、リュウグウの自転状態およびその自転の変化によって生じる様々な表面現象についてその一端を明らかにする。小惑星は赤外線放射によって自転が暴走加速することがしられており、リュウグウは過去に自転周期が3時間を超えるほど早く自転していたらしい。リュウグウはそのような高速自転小惑星を詳細な画像データを使うことで解析ができる初めての例である。このリュウグウの現在の自転状態を解析し、さらにそのような高速自転がリュウグウの形状や表層進化にどのような影響を与えるのかを画像データの解析によって明らかにすることで、小惑星の軌道進化やそれによる太陽系初期の微惑星の集合や合体による惑星形成、地球への衝突過程などへの知見に発展させる。その具体的取り組みとして自転の加速によってクレーターなどの地形や地質にどのような影響が出るかを調査する。前年度の解析の結果、自転が加速するとクレーター地形に東西不対称性が生じること、それらが起きうる条件は自転周期が3.5時間以上の場合に限ることを発見した。さらに、赤道上に青い色を帯びた領域があることがしられていたがこれも自転が加速した場合のエジェクタの分布で説明できることがわかった。今年度は前年度の解析手法を応用することで、リュウグウのそろばん型の形状そのものがクレーターエジェクタの降り積もりで説明できることが明らかになり、新たに1報の論文の受理に至った。
- 日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業 新学術領域研究(研究領域提案型), 新学術領域研究(研究領域提案型), 神戸大学, 01 Apr. 2020 - 31 Mar. 2022カッシーニ画像データ解析による土星中型氷衛星の熱進化史の解明土星や木星の氷衛星は内部に液体の水からなる内部海を持っているとされ、これらの氷衛星の内部海も生命誕生の場として有望と見なされている。これら氷衛星の内部状態の推定のために、土星中型衛星ディオーネおよびレアのWispy構造と呼ばれる正断層地形に着目する。衛星内部の温度変化、内部海の凍結などによって体積が変化すると、表面に正断層性の地溝帯が形成されることが知られている。そのためこれらの各地溝帯の形成年代や、形成時に衛星がどの程度の体積が膨張したかを定量的に推定することができれば衛星の内部の温度変化量や、内部海の規模の推定に一定の制約を与えることができると考えられる。そこで土星探査機カッシーニー画像データを解析し、土星中型衛星の表面にある正断層性の地溝帯を調査した。今年度の作業によって土星衛星ディオーネ・レアの地形状の解析が進展した。新規に作成されたDTMは過去のものと比較しても10倍を超える高い精度を有しておりこれらのDTMではWispy地形が極めて明瞭に見えている。DTMの簡易な調査によるとおおよそ衛星ディオーネの全周が1-2㎞程度伸びたことが明らかとなった。これは衛星の半径に換算すると、200-400mほどディオーネが膨張したことがわかる。次年度以降はより精度の高いディオーネの膨張の計測を行う。またレアの解析を進めレアの膨張量の測定を行う。これらの膨張度を、衛星の熱進化モデルに内挿することによって熱進化史に制約をあたえ国際学会誌にて論文を投稿することを目指す。
- Hyogo Science and Technology Association, 学術研究助成事業, Apr. 2020 - Mar. 2021, Principal investigator-
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Kobe University, 01 Apr. 2015 - 31 Mar. 2019Observations by the Cassini spacecraft brought abundant new insights about the origin and evolution of ring-satellite systems of giant planets. With these new data in hand, we carried out theoretical studies on ring-satellite systems of giant planets. We developed a new model for the origin of Saturn's F ring and its shepherd satellites, and also carried out new simulations for the origin of rings of giant planets as well as rings of Centaurs. We also found that the gas disk around a growing giant planet can capture building blocks of regular satellites, but that it is difficult to explain the origin of irregular satellites by this mechanism alone. In relation to the origin of irregular satellites of giant planets, we also examined surface properties of small bodies in the outer Solar System using data obtained by the Subaru Telescope, and obtained results that support transportation of small icy bodies from the trans-Neptunian region into the giant planet region.Competitive research funding
- 日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業 特別研究員奨励費, 特別研究員奨励費, 神戸大学, 24 Apr. 2015 - 31 Mar. 2018熱的活動の前駆的現象に着目した氷衛星熱進化史の新展開:衛星系共進化の理解へ研究計画書にある後半部分(ディオーネのDark TerrainとWispy structuresの年代比較に関するカラー比・地形解析)に取り組んでいた。前年度、基礎部分として衛星の地理情報データ解析のための技術的手法・画像データの収集・解析が概ね完了していたのに続いて、今年度は、Dione表面に認められるWispy構造の斜面上のDark terrain堆積物の定量的な調査をおこなった。より具体的に述べると、土星衛星DioneにはWispy構造と呼ばれる正断層帯が存在している。このWispy近辺にはDark material と呼ばれる暗い堆積物が降り積もっている。前年度において、このうちDark materialの年代が1-50Maであることがレイクレーターの研究から明らかにできている。本年度はまずWispy構造がDark terrain堆積物によって汚染されているか否かについて調査を行う予定であった。当初の予定では、カラー比・スペクトル調査を行うことで、汚染の強さの定量的な評価ができると考えていた。しかし、地形データの解析にあたっては精度面で難点があることがわかった。一方で、これと並行して、クレーターの切った切られたの関係に基づく年代測定法を用いた、Wispy構造の年代制約にも取り組んでいた。この方法は、衝突クレーターは衝突地点とその周囲を破壊してしまうことに着目した手法である。もし正断層帯が出来た後にクレーターが生じた場合、そのクレーター近傍では正断層斜面が損傷を受けているはずである。逆の場合、クレーターは損傷を受けていない正断層帯によって切られているはずである。この解析は、かなり順調に推移し、すでに論文としてまとめ、査読付き国際誌において受理された。
- 日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業 特別研究員奨励費, 特別研究員奨励費, 東京大学, 01 Apr. 2012 - 31 Mar. 2015小型衛星の表層進化に着目した土星系化学的分別過程の解明:太陽系初期進化の理解へ本研究では、環の起源や進化を解明するために、力学や性質や組成などの研究に取り込んだ。そのためにN体数値シミュレーションを用いた環粒子の挙動解析や画像解析を用いたスペクトル調査等を行った。その一方で、これまで高解像度データが得られている全ての小型衛星に対して、綿密な地質調査を初めて実施した。一連の調査の結果として、環が小型衛星の表層進化に著しい影響を及ぼしているという知見を得ることができた。この結果は、小型衛星は過去に存在した(現在では観測のできない)環の情報を記録している可能性があるという点で重要である。なぜなら、環は比較的速やかに拡散し消滅してしまうが、小型衛星の表面に定着した環の痕跡は遥かに長期間安定して存在できるためである。そこから土星系の環および衛星系の進化を解明する上で必要な情報を実際に得ることができた。その具体例として、主要環、E環、およびヤヌス-エピメテウス環の研究を推進した。これらの成果のうちの一つが国際誌に掲載されており、さらに一報を改訂中である。 これらの研究を踏まえて得た知見に基づいて、あらたに有望な研究対象を見つけるに至った。E環は土星系で最も注目度の高いエンセラダスを起源とする。エンセラダスは活発な火山活動を有する衛星であり、内部には液体の水からなる海が存在していると考えられている。この活動期間がどの程度続いているのかがこれまで不明だった。本研究は活動的であるがゆえに過去の痕跡が残らないエンセラダス本体では無く、このE環と相互作用を受けた小型衛星を調べることで、逆にエンセラダスの火山活動を制約できることを示し、その活動期間がたったの数千万年~数億年と短期間であったことを明らかにした。