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USHIMARU Atushi
Graduate School of Human Development and Environment / Department of Human Environmental Science
Professor

Researcher basic information

■ Research news
■ Research Areas
  • Life sciences / Ecology and environmental science

Research activity information

■ Paper
  • Yuta Uchiyama, Akira Kyan, Masayuki Sato, Atushi Ushimaru, Toshifumi Minamoto, Kazuhiro Harada, Minoru Takakura, Ryo Kohsaka, Mieko Kiyono, Tetsuya Tsurumi, Atsuhiko Uchida, Tatsuya Saga, Kenta Yamamoto
    Elsevier BV, Sep. 2025, Landscape and Urban Planning, 261, 105377 - 105377, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal
    Link to Kobe Univ. Repository (Kernel)

  • H. S. Ishii, S. G. Tsujimoto, M. B. Kadoya, Y. Watanabe, T. I. Kohyama, M. K. Hiraiwa, A. Ushimaru, G. Kudo
    Abstract The persistence of angiosperm communities largely depends on pollinator‐mediated interactions. However, the importance of plant–pollinator interactions has often been overlooked in studies of plant community assembly. This study aims to assess the influence of plant–pollinator interactions on the assembly of plant communities. We compared the distribution of three floral traits (colour, symmetry, and tube length) across approximately 650 animal‐pollinated plant species in six plant communities located in distinct geographical regions: Mongolian grassland, Japanese grassland, Japanese alpine zone, Swedish subalpine zone, Swedish alpine zone, and New Zealand alpine zone. Additionally, we examined the pollinator fauna in each community, focusing on the taxon‐specific usage of floral traits by pollinators. The composition of all floral traits was predictably linked to taxonomic composition of the pollinator fauna and taxon‐specific preferences of pollinators for certain floral traits. Furthermore, the dispersion of floral morphology depends on composition of pollinator fauna, rather than phylogenetic dispersion of plant communities. Interestingly, while composition of flower symmetry was largely linked to plant family composition, compositions of flower colour and tube length were almost independent of plant family composition. Our study suggests that pollinator fauna influences the assembly of floral traits. Analysis considering plant family composition suggests that the assembly process could be either ecological, where plant–pollinator interactions select for specific functional traits from a pre‐existing pool, or evolutionary, where traits evolve in response to the pollinator environment within a community. This highlights the dual pathways through which pollinator fauna influences plant community assemblages.
    Wiley, Apr. 2025, Plant Biology, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Gaku S. Hirayama, Masayuki Tomita, Atushi Ushimaru
    Elsevier BV, Apr. 2025, Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 381, 109437 - 109437, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Tomohiro Watazu, Masayoshi K. Hiraiwa, Atushi Ushimaru, Tetsuro Hosaka
    Abstract Aeginetia indica (Orobanchaceae) is a parasitic plant of Miscanthus sinensis with large, red‐purple, tube‐shaped flowers, though its pollinators remain unknown. Common bees may not visit its flowers under the shade of M. sinensis. We identified flower visitors of A. indica through interval photography and direct capture. All 14 photographed visitors, except for one, and 16 captured visitors were Ceratina bees (Apidae), mostly female C. flavipes. Pollen of A. indica (100–10 000 particles) was found only on the body of female C. flavipes, suggesting that they are the sole pollinators of A. indica. Ceratina flavipes is known to nest inside the stem of M. sinensis. Such a pollination system, “a mutual relationship between parasitic plants and insects inhabiting the same host plant,” has not been documented previously. The use of insects that inhabit the same host plants as pollinators appears to be a reasonable strategy and may also be found in other parasitic plants.
    Wiley, Mar. 2025, Plant Species Biology, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Gaku S. Hirayama, Taiki Inoue, Tanaka Kenta, Hiroshi S. Ishii, Atushi Ushimaru
    Abstract Grasslands face rapid decline worldwide. Among the main threats to these ecosystems are changes in land use, such as abandonment and forestation, which promote forest vegetation to the detriment of grassland plant diversity. To support the conservation and restoration of grasslands, it is key to understand what ecological processes limit the recovery of their biodiversity and ecosystem functions after perturbations. However, we still know little about the legacy effects of past forestation on the ecological mechanisms involved in grassland recovery, especially regarding long‐lasting impacts on plant–pollinator interaction networks and plant reproduction. Here, our objective is to fill this knowledge gap by comparing plant and pollinator diversity, the degree of network specialization, the pollination success and pollen limitation of native plant species across 28 plant–pollinator networks of old and restored grasslands with different ages since restoration (from 2 to 75 years). We hypothesized that past forestation would have long‐lasting negative legacy effects on plant richness and plant–pollinator networks, increasing pollen limitation for native plants, thereby delaying the recovery of grassland communities in restored grasslands. The results showed that restored grasslands exhibited significantly lower plant richness, less specialized (more generalized) interaction networks, lower pollination success and pollen‐limited seed reproduction of native plants compared with the old grasslands. Lower network specialization was associated with reduced pollination function and decreased plant reproductive success, which likely led to slower recovery of plant diversity in restored meadows. We showed that such negative legacy effect was long‐lasting and maintained in the grasslands even 75 years after recovery. Synthesis and applications: Our findings suggest that the recovery of specialized plant–pollinator networks by enhancing plant diversity is essential for restoring pollination function. To restore such pollination networks and function, grassland management, including mowing, should be maintained for a certain period that exceeds at least 75 years. Encouraging the abundance of bees and butterflies is a key to facilitating plant recovery. Moreover, it is crucial to maintain neighbouring plant‐ and pollinator‐rich old grasslands, which support the recovery by serving as sources of native seeds and pollinators.
    Last, Wiley, Mar. 2025, Journal of Applied Ecology, 62(4) (4), 814 - 823, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Airi A. Asada, Atsushi Ohwaki, Yuki A. Yaida, Fuma Kawakami, Masaki Masuda, Atushi Ushimaru
    Societal Impact Statement Prescribed burning shows promise for managing certain grassland types, but relying solely on it often reduces plant diversity, including threatened species. In Japanese dry grasslands established on volcanic ejecta, we explored conditions under which burning maintains high diversity. Lava grasslands, especially those on young lava flows with hard, shallow, and acidic soil and high rock and stone cover, harbored the most diverse plants, including threatened species. Burning helps prevent forest encroachment, efficiently maintaining species‐rich grasslands on lava flows. We recommend this approach to land managers for maintaining grasslands and conserving threatened plants, particularly in shallow, acidic soil conditions. Summary Prescribed burning can be an effective and efficient method for managing large areas of grasslands, particularly in face of global increases in grassland abandonment. However, relying solely on regular burning often leads to declines in diversity of grassland plants including threatened species in Eurasian countries. Therefore, investigating conditions under which prescribed burning effectively conserves threatened species is highly important. We hypothesized that under specific soil physicochemical conditions, even burning‐only management can maintain high threatened species diversity. To test the hypothesis, we compared soil physicochemical properties and vegetation among burning‐managed grasslands on different volcanic bedrocks (young/old lava and scoria) in Nashigahara, Yamanashi, Japan. We quantitatively investigated how bedrock, soil, and vegetation properties affected diversity of plants, including threatened species. We found the highest plant diversity in young lava grasslands, which were characterized by hard and shallow soil and high rock and stone cover, than old lava and young/old scoria grasslands. Meanwhile, soil nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, and Mg) did not vary among bedrock types and had no significant effects on plant diversity. In young lava grasslands, shallow soil, low soil pH, and resulting low vegetation height caused high threatened species diversity, supporting the hypothesis. Mature vegetation on lava flows often comprises forests worldwide. Nonetheless, our findings suggest that prescribed burning successfully suppresses tree dominance and promotes the establishment of highly species‐rich grasslands on lava flows. We propose that prescribed burning can effectively conserve threatened species in semi‐natural grasslands established under specific soil environments, such as those on lava flows.
    Wiley, Jan. 2025, PLANTS, PEOPLE, PLANET, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal
    Link to Kobe Univ. Repository (Kernel)

  • Yu Nammoku, Aoi Nikkeshi, Yohey Terai, Atsushi Ushimaru, Michiyo Kinoshita
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Jan. 2025, The Science of Nature, 112(1) (1), 13, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Yuta Uchiyama, Akira Kyan, Masayuki Sato, Atushi Ushimaru, Toshifumi Minamoto, Mieko Kiyono, Kazuhiro Harada, Minoru Takakura
    Elsevier BV, Nov. 2024, Journal of Environmental Management, 370, 122676 - 122676, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal
    Link to Kobe Univ. Repository (Kernel)

  • Yuki A. Yaida, Takuma Nagai, Kazuya Oguro, Koki R. Katsuhara, Kei Uchida, Tanaka Kenta, Atushi Ushimaru
    Elsevier BV, Sep. 2024, Journal of Environmental Management, 368, 122120 - 122120, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Hina Shimomai, Nakata Taichi, Koki R Katsuhara, Seiji Kato, Atushi Ushimaru, Nobuko Ohmido
    Abstract Background and Aims Urbanization-induced environmental changes affect the geographical distribution of natural plant species. This study focused on how polyploidization, a dynamic genome change, influences the survival and distribution of Commelina communis (Cc) and its subspecies C. communis f. ciliata (Ccfc), which have variable chromosome numbers (e.g. Cc, 2n = 88 for Cc; Ccfc, 2n = 46 for Ccfc). The aim was to investigate polyploidization effects on natural plant distribution in urban environments. Methods The geographical distribution across urban–rural gradients was investigated at a total of 218 sites in Japan. Stomata size and density were measured and compared between Cc and Ccfc. Flow cytometry determined genome size and polyploidy. Chromosome karyotyping was performed using the genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) method. Key Results Urban areas were exclusively dominated by Cc, while Cc and Ccfc coexisted in rural areas. Cc had larger and fewer stomata and a genome size more than twice that of Ccfc. GISH results indicated that Cc possesses Ccfc and another unknown genome, suggesting allopolyploidy. Conclusions Our results show that the ploidy difference affects the geographical distribution, stomata traits and genome size between two distinct taxa in the genus Commelina, C. communis as a neo-tetraploid and C. communis f. ciliata, the diploid. Cc is an allopolyploid and is therefore not only polyploidy but also has an additional genome that provides new sets of genes and alleles, contributing to Cc having enhanced survival potentials in urban environments compared with Ccfc. This is the first investigation to clarify the distribution difference related to urban environments, the difference in stomata traits and genome size, and to study chromosome composition in Commelina species.
    Oxford University Press (OUP), Aug. 2024, Annals of Botany, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Koki R. Katsuhara, Atushi Ushimaru, Yuko Miyazaki
    Abstract Reproductive interference is defined as an interspecific interaction that reduces fitness via mating processes. Although its ecological and evolutionary consequences have attracted much attention, how reproductive interference affects the population genetic structures of interacting species is still unclear. In flowering plants, recent studies found that self-pollination can mitigate the negative effects of reproductive interference. Selfing-biased seed production is expected to increase population-level inbreeding and the selfing rate, and limits gene flow via pollinator outcrossing among populations. We examined the population genetics of the mixed-mating annual herb Commelina communis f. ciliata, focusing on reproductive interference by the sympatric competing congener C. communis using microsatellite markers. First, we found that almost all C. c. f. ciliata populations had relatively high inbreeding coefficients. Then, comparing sympatric and allopatric populations, we found evidence that reproductive interference from a competing congener increased the inbreeding coefficient and selfing rate. Allopatric populations exhibit varied selfing rates while almost all sympatric populations exhibit extremely high selfing rates, suggesting that population selfing rates were also influenced by unexamined factors, such as pollinator limitation. Besides, our findings revealed that reproductive interference from a competing congener did not limit gene flow among populations. We present the first report on how reproductive interference affects the genetic aspects of populations. Our results suggested that the high selfing rate of C. c. f. ciliata promotes its sympatric distribution with C. communis, even in the presence of reproductive interference, although it is not clear whether reproductive interference directly causes the high selfing rate.
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Aug. 2024, Oecologia, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Yuki A. Yaida, Taiki Inoue, Tanaka Kenta, Atushi Ushimaru
    Abstract Past forest use often has a long‐term negative impact on the recovery of the original plant composition of semi‐natural grasslands, which is known as a legacy effect. This study investigates the impact of seed dispersal limitations on the restoration of grassland plant diversity on ski slopes with past forest use, highlighting the negative legacy effect on biodiversity recovery. Focusing on ski areas, our research contrasts the vegetation on ski slopes originally created on semi‐natural grasslands such as pasture (pasture slopes) and constructed by clearing secondary forests or conifer plantations (forest slopes). We examined species richness and diversity, considering seed dispersal modes, grassland management history, and seed source proximity. We reveal that the proximity to species‐rich grassland sources is pivotal for the restoration of native grassland vegetation. Particularly, wind‐dispersed species show significant recovery on slopes with sustained management for more than 70 years and those with neighboring species‐rich grasslands, suggesting that both the duration of management and the proximity to seed sources are critical for overcoming the legacy effects of past forest use. Meanwhile, gravity‐dispersed species failed to recover their richness and diversity regardless of both the duration of management and the proximity to seed source grasslands, which their diversity recovered where seed sources neighbored. Our findings emphasize the importance of considering seed dispersal limitation and management history in the restoration and conservation of grasslands and their biodiversity, particularly in landscapes experiencing past human intervention.
    Wiley, Jul. 2024, Ecology and Evolution, 14(7) (7), English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal
    Link to Kobe Univ. Repository (Kernel)

  • Naoyuki Nakahama, Tatsuro Konagaya, Shouhei Ueda, Norio Hirai, Masaya Yago, Yuki A. Yaida, Atushi Ushimaru, Yuji Isagi
    Elsevier BV, Jul. 2024, Biological Conservation, 110686 - 110686, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Nakata Taichi, Naoyuki Nakahama, Nobuko Ohmido, Atushi Ushimaru
    Abstract Urban development greatly alters the natural and semi‐natural habitats of native plants. Urbanisation results in a range of diverse habitats including remnant agricultural lands, urban parks, and roadside habitats. This habitat diversity often promotes trait divergence within urban areas. However, the mechanisms by which diverse urban habitats influence the population genetic structure of individual plant species remain poorly understood. We investigated the effects of urbanisation on genetic diversity and structure within 24 Commelina communis populations across diverse habitat types (rural agricultural land, urban agricultural land, urban park land, and urban roadsides) within the Kyoto–Osaka–Kobe megacity in Japan. We conducted multiplexed inter‐simple sequence repeat genotyping to compare genetic diversity among populations in different habitats. We also examined the correlation between Nei's genetic distance and geographic and environmental distances and performed principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) to evaluate genetic differentiation among urban habitats. There were no significant differences in genetic diversity indices between urban and rural populations and among urban habitat types. Although we detected no isolation‐by‐distance structure in population pairs of the same habitat type and in those of different habitats, the difference in surrounding landscape facilitated genetic differentiation not only between urban and rural habitats but also between different urban habitats. PCoA revealed no clear genetic differentiation among rural and urban habitat populations. Our findings indicate that the establishment of diverse habitat types through urbanisation has no and little impact on genetic diversity and structure, respectively, in C. communis, likely due to its high selfing rate and ability to adapt to urban conditions.
    Wiley, Feb. 2024, Ecology and Evolution, 14(2) (2), English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal
    Link to Kobe Univ. Repository (Kernel)

  • Masayoshi K. Hiraiwa, Atushi Ushimaru
    Abstract Loss of animal species and functional diversity can degrade ecosystem functions and services in plant–animal mutualistic networks, but their relative effects have rarely been previously examined in natural communities. Contrary to previously published theoretical results, under natural conditions, changes in pollinator functional niches caused by species and functional diversity losses are dynamic and often unpredictable. The lack of studies on natural networks limits our ability to predict future effects of decreasing pollinator diversity on wild and cultivated plants. We quantitatively evaluated the relative effects of pollinator species and functional diversity loss on plant–pollinator trait matching and pollination success across 40 spatiotemporally variable coastal networks. We found that low pollinator functional diversity (low abundance of long‐tongued pollinators) reduced community‐level plant functional specialization and trait matching between flowers and pollinators by reducing functional floral‐niche partitioning among pollinators. In contrast, pollinator species diversity did not influence community‐level trait matching. Furthermore, decreasing community‐level trait matching had a negative effect on community‐level plant pollination success, regardless of flower morphology. The present study demonstrated that pollinator functional diversity loss, rather than species diversity loss, was the main factor contributing to pollination functional loss in the plant–pollinator networks studied. We also demonstrated the importance of assessing functional aspects of plant–pollinator networks to evaluate community‐level pollination functional loss under global pollinator decline. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
    Last, Wiley, Feb. 2024, Functional Ecology, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Shunsuke Hidaka, Toshiaki S. Jo, Satoshi Yamamoto, Koki R. Katsuhara, Sei Tomita, Masaki Miya, Makihiko Ikegami, Atushi Ushimaru, Toshifumi Minamoto
    Feb. 2024, Limnology, (in press), English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal
    Link to Kobe Univ. Repository (Kernel)

  • Tomohiro Watazu, Masayoshi K. Hiraiwa, Masahito Inoue, Hideo Mishima, Atushi Ushimaru, Tetsuro Hosaka
    Abstract Many wetland plants rely on insects for pollination. However, studies examining pollinator communities in wetlands remain limited. Some studies conducted in large wetlands (> 10 ha) have suggested that wetland-dependent flies, which spend their larval stage in aquatic and semi-aquatic habitats, dominate as pollinators. However, smaller wetlands surrounded by secondary forests are more prevalent in Japan, in which pollinators from the surrounding environment might be important. Additionally, information regarding floral traits that attract specific pollinator groups in wetland communities is scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to understand the characteristics of insect pollinators in a small natural wetland (2.5 ha) in Japan. We examined the major pollinator groups visiting 34 plant species and explored the relationship between the flower visitation frequency of each pollinator group and floral traits. Overall, flies were the most dominant pollinators (42%), followed by bees and wasps (33%). Cluster analysis indicated that fly-dominated plants were the most abundant among 14 of the 34 target plant species. However, 85% of the hoverflies, the most abundant flies, and 82% of the bees were non-wetland-dependent species, suggesting that these terrestrial species likely originated from the surrounding environment. Therefore, pollinators from the surrounding environment would be important in small natural wetlands. Flies tend to visit open and white/yellow flowers, whereas bees tended to visit tube-shaped flowers, as in forest and grassland ecosystems. The dominance of flies in small wetlands would be due to the dominance of flowers preferred by flies (e.g., yellow/white flowers) rather than because of their larval habitats.
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Jan. 2024, Journal of Plant Research, 137(2) (2), 191 - 201, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • N. Taichi, A. Ushimaru
    Abstract Environmental changes associated with urbanisation can exert pressure that facilitates both adaptations and plastic responses in plants. Field surveys or common garden experiments (CGE) alone cannot differentiate between the observed phenotypic traits resulting from plastic responses versus evolutionary adaptations to urban environments. We conducted a field survey of habitat environmental factors and four vegetative traits in 12 Commelina communis populations along an urban–rural gradient in the Osaka‐Kobe megacity area. We collected seedlings from six of the 12 populations, transplanted them into a greenhouse, and measured six vegetative traits. We investigated correlations between pairs of measured traits in both the field survey and CGE. Plant height and leaf area increased significantly in increasingly developed land areas (DLA) in the field survey, whereas no such variations were found in the CGE, suggesting that the observed phenotypic variation was due to a plastic response to urban eutrophication. Leaf number and specific leaf area (SLA) significantly decreased with increasing DLA in the CGE, suggesting the adaptation of these traits to urban environments. Positive correlations between plant height and leaf area were only observed in urban populations in both the field survey and CGE, indicating the evolution of this trait correlation in urban environments. It has been suggested that urban environments promote both plastic response and genetic divergence of a set of traits in native plants. Our findings suggest that low leaf number, SLA, and positive plant height–leaf area correlations have evolved. In addition, larger plant size is achieved via phenotypic plasticity in urban environments.
    Last, Wiley, Nov. 2023, Plant Biology, 26(1) (1), 74 - 81, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Masayuki Sato, Toshifumi Minamoto, Atushi Ushimaru
    Abstract This study proposes a practice and discussion for an interdisciplinary approach to policies for the conservation of suburban and peri-urban ecosystems. We highlight the need for evidence-based assessment of the current quality of the targeted nature from perspectives of natural science and problem formulation, and that causes should be investigated from the combined perspectives of social science, economic evaluation, and policy design and evaluation, with an awareness of the possibility of consensus building. In this study, based on the ongoing international trend of ecosystem conservation, an economic analysis was conducted to examine the direction of Satoyama development as a case study of urban and peri-urban ecosystem conservation. The result identified the preference and needs of citizens with regard to Satoyama ecosystems and discussed the consistency between policy targets and citizens’ evaluation.
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Jul. 2023, International Journal of Economic Policy Studies, 17(2) (2), 403 - 419, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal
    Link to Kobe Univ. Repository (Kernel)

  • Naoyuki Nakahama, Seikan Kurata, Atushi Ushimaru
    Wiley, May 2023, Plant Species Biology, English
    [Refereed][Invited]
    Scientific journal

  • Ippei Aoshima, Ryohei Nakao, Toshifumi Minamoto, Atushi Ushimaru, Masayuki Sato
    Elsevier BV, Apr. 2023, City and Environment Interactions, 18, 100101 - 100101, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal
    Link to Kobe Univ. Repository (Kernel)

  • Atushi Ushimaru, Natsumi Seo, Kota Sakagami, Daichi Funamoto
    Wiley, Feb. 2023, American Journal of Botany, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Gaku S. Hirayama, Atushi Ushimaru
    Last, Informa UK Limited, Dec. 2022, Journal of Apicultural Research, 1 - 8, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Toshiaki Jo, Masayuki Sato, Toshifumi Minamoto, Atushi Ushimaru
    Last, Wiley, Jun. 2022, People and Nature, 4(5) (5), 1176 - 1189, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal
    Link to Kobe Univ. Repository (Kernel)

  • Nakata T., Rin I, Yaida Y. A., Ushimaru A.
    Wiley, Mar. 2022, Plant Biology, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal
    Link to Kobe Univ. Repository (Kernel)

  • Ryohei Nishizawa, Ryohei Nakao, Atushi Ushimaru, Toshifumi Minamoto
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Jan. 2022, Landscape and Ecological Engineering, 19(1) (1), 3 - 10, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal
    Link to Kobe Univ. Repository (Kernel)

  • K. Murakami, K. R. Katsuhara, A. Ushimaru
    Last, Jan. 2022, Plant Biology, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal
    Link to Kobe Univ. Repository (Kernel)

  • Koki R. Katsuhara, Yuuya Tachiki, Ryosuke Iritani, Atushi Ushimaru
    Last, Sep. 2021, Journal of Ecology, 109(11) (11), 3916 - 3928, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Idoia Biurrun, Remigiusz Pielech, Iwona Dembicz, François Gillet, Łukasz Kozub, Corrado Marcenò, Triin Reitalu, Koenraad Van Meerbeek, Riccardo Guarino, Milan Chytrý, Robin J. Pakeman, Zdenka Preislerová, Irena Axmanová, Sabina Burrascano, Sándor Bartha, Steffen Boch, Hans Henrik Bruun, Timo Conradi, Pieter De Frenne, Franz Essl, Goffredo Filibeck, Michal Hájek, Borja Jiménez‐Alfaro, Anna Kuzemko, Zsolt Molnár, Meelis Pärtel, Ricarda Pätsch, Honor C. Prentice, Jan Roleček, Laura M. E. Sutcliffe, Massimo Terzi, Manuela Winkler, Jianshuang Wu, Svetlana Aćić, Alicia T. R. Acosta, Elias Afif, Munemitsu Akasaka, Juha M. Alatalo, Michele Aleffi, Alla Aleksanyan, Arshad Ali, Iva Apostolova, Parvaneh Ashouri, Zoltán Bátori, Esther Baumann, Thomas Becker, Elena Belonovskaya, José Luis Benito Alonso, Asun Berastegi, Ariel Bergamini, Kuber Prasad Bhatta, Ilaria Bonini, Marc‐Olivier Büchler, Vasyl Budzhak, Álvaro Bueno, Fabrizio Buldrini, Juan Antonio Campos, Laura Cancellieri, Marta Carboni, Tobias Ceulemans, Alessandro Chiarucci, Cristina Chocarro, Luisa Conti, Anna Mária Csergő, Beata Cykowska‐Marzencka, Marta Czarniecka‐Wiera, Marta Czarnocka‐Cieciura, Patryk Czortek, Jiří Danihelka, Francesco Bello, Balázs Deák, László Demeter, Lei Deng, Martin Diekmann, Jiri Dolezal, Christian Dolnik, Pavel Dřevojan, Cecilia Dupré, Klaus Ecker, Hamid Ejtehadi, Brigitta Erschbamer, Javier Etayo, Jonathan Etzold, Tünde Farkas, Mohammad Farzam, George Fayvush, María Rosa Fernández Calzado, Manfred Finckh, Wendy Fjellstad, Georgios Fotiadis, Daniel García‐Magro, Itziar García‐Mijangos, Rosario G. Gavilán, Markus Germany, Sahar Ghafari, Gian Pietro Giusso del Galdo, John‐Arvid Grytnes, Behlül Güler, Alba Gutiérrez‐Girón, Aveliina Helm, Mercedes Herrera, Elisabeth M. Hüllbusch, Nele Ingerpuu, Annika K. Jägerbrand, Ute Jandt, Monika Janišová, Philippe Jeanneret, Florian Jeltsch, Kai Jensen, Anke Jentsch, Zygmunt Kącki, Kaoru Kakinuma, Jutta Kapfer, Mansoureh Kargar, András Kelemen, Kathrin Kiehl, Philipp Kirschner, Asuka Koyama, Nancy Langer, Lorenzo Lazzaro, Jan Lepš, Ching‐Feng Li, Frank Yonghong Li, Diego Liendo, Regina Lindborg, Swantje Löbel, Angela Lomba, Zdeňka Lososová, Pavel Lustyk, Arantzazu L. Luzuriaga, Wenhong Ma, Simona Maccherini, Martin Magnes, Marek Malicki, Michael Manthey, Constantin Mardari, Felix May, Helmut Mayrhofer, Eliane Seraina Meier, Farshid Memariani, Kristina Merunková, Ottar Michelsen, Joaquín Molero Mesa, Halime Moradi, Ivan Moysiyenko, Michele Mugnai, Alireza Naqinezhad, Rayna Natcheva, Josep M. Ninot, Marcin Nobis, Jalil Noroozi, Arkadiusz Nowak, Vladimir Onipchenko, Salza Palpurina, Harald Pauli, Hristo Pedashenko, Christian Pedersen, Robert K. Peet, Aaron Pérez‐Haase, Jan Peters, Nataša Pipenbaher, Chrisoula Pirini, Eulàlia Pladevall‐Izard, Zuzana Plesková, Giovanna Potenza, Soroor Rahmanian, Maria Pilar Rodríguez‐Rojo, Vladimir Ronkin, Leonardo Rosati, Eszter Ruprecht, Solvita Rusina, Marko Sabovljević, Anvar Sanaei, Ana M. Sánchez, Francesco Santi, Galina Savchenko, Maria Teresa Sebastià, Dariia Shyriaieva, Vasco Silva, Sonja Škornik, Eva Šmerdová, Judit Sonkoly, Marta Gaia Sperandii, Monika Staniaszek‐Kik, Carly Stevens, Simon Stifter, Sigrid Suchrow, Grzegorz Swacha, Sebastian Świerszcz, Amir Talebi, Balázs Teleki, Lubomír Tichý, Csaba Tölgyesi, Marta Torca, Péter Török, Nadezda Tsarevskaya, Ioannis Tsiripidis, Ingrid Turisová, Atushi Ushimaru, Orsolya Valkó, Carmen Van Mechelen, Thomas Vanneste, Iuliia Vasheniak, Kiril Vassilev, Daniele Viciani, Luis Villar, Risto Virtanen, Ivana Vitasović‐Kosić, András Vojtkó, Denys Vynokurov, Emelie Waldén, Yun Wang, Frank Weiser, Lu Wen, Karsten Wesche, Hannah White, Stefan Widmer, Sebastian Wolfrum, Anna Wróbel, Zuoqiang Yuan, David Zelený, Liqing Zhao, Jürgen Dengler
    Jul. 2021, Journal of Vegetation Science, 32(4) (4), English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Atushi Ushimaru, Ishii Rin, Koki R. Katsuhara
    Wiley, Apr. 2021, Plant Biology, 23(5) (5), 711 - 718, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal
    Link to Kobe Univ. Repository (Kernel)

  • Aoi Nikkeshi, Masayoshi K. Hiraiwa, Atushi Ushimaru, Kazuhiko Hoshizaki, Akifumi Makita, Inoue Mizuki
    Premise: Understanding the flower visitation history of individual pollinators is key in the study of pollination networks, but direct tracking is labor intensive and, more important, does not capture information about the previous interactions of an individual. Therefore, a protocol to detect most of the pollen species on the body surfaces of an individual pollinator could elucidate its flower visitation history. Methods and Results: Under a microscope, we observed 6.0-µL droplets from a sample solution (1.0 or 3.0 mL) containing pollen grains collected from individuals of six major pollinator functional groups. To clarify how many droplets need to be observed to detect all pollen species within the solution, we examined up to 10 droplets collected from each individual insect. Sample-based rarefaction curve analyses of the data showed that we could detect ~90% of the pollen species and the plant-pollinator links in the networks by observing six droplets. Conclusions: The rarefaction curve analysis for pollen-on-pollinator studies is a useful preliminary step for minimizing the time and labor required while maximizing the data on the flower visitation history of each individual pollinator and revealing any hidden flower-pollinator interactions.
    Wiley, Feb. 2021, Applications in Plant Sciences, 9(2) (2), e11411, English, International magazine
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Taiki Inoue, Yuki A. Yaida, Yuki Uehara, Koki R. Katsuhara, Jun Kawai, Keiko Takashima, Atushi Ushimaru, Tanaka Kenta
    Jan. 2021, Ecological Research, 36(1) (1), 24 - 31, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • T Jo, S Tomita, Y Kohmatsu, M Osathanunkul, A Ushimaru, T Minamoto
    The diversity and the abundance of amphibians have dramatically declined globally over the past 30 years, and the monitoring and conservation of their habitats is essential. However, traditional methods such as bait trapping and mark-recapture are costly, and morphological identification usually requires a high level of taxonomic expertise. Here, seasonal surveillances of Hida salamander Hynobius kimurae were performed by means of environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis with Hynobius-specific primers and a species-specific TaqMan probe. Water sampling and visual surveys were conducted seasonally in a stream in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan. Detection rates of eDNA were then calculated by real-time PCR, and eDNA site occupancy probability was estimated by multi-scale occupancy modeling. The eDNA-based detection rate of Hida salamander was 76.7%, whereas the visual survey-based detection rate was 23.3%, and target eDNA was detected at almost all sites where the presence of target species was visually confirmed. Moreover, factors relating to the site- and sample-level occurrence probabilities of the target eDNA differed depending on the developmental stage of the target species. Our findings support previous studies showing that eDNA analysis enables an effective assessment of amphibian distributions without damaging the organisms or their habitat, and we compare for the first time the site occupancy probability of amphibian eDNA throughout the life cycle of an amphibian species. The present study contributes to the development of eDNA analysis as a tool for understanding the distribution and seasonal activity of amphibian species and will thus aid in the planning of conservation measures and habitat restoration for these species.
    Inter-Research Science Center, Nov. 2020, Endangered Species Research, 43, 341 - 352, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal
    Link to Kobe Univ. Repository (Kernel)

  • Atushi Ushimaru, Kei Uchida, Makihiko Ikegami, Takeshi Suka
    Elsevier, Jun. 2020, Encyclopedia of the World's Biomes, 785 - 799, English
    [Refereed][Invited]
    In book

  • Koki R. Katsuhara, Naoyuki Nakahama, Taketo Komura, Masaya Kato, Yuko Miyazaki, Yuji Isagi, Motomi Ito, Atushi Ushimaru
    Last, Genetics Society of Japan, Feb. 2020, Genes & Genetic Systems, 95(1) (1), 51 - 51, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Iwachido Y, Uchida K, Ushimaru A,Yokota S, Sasaki T
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Feb. 2020, Landscape and Ecological Engineering, 106(2) (2), 163 - 172, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Toshiaki Jo, Arisa Fukuoka, Kei Uchida, Atushi Ushimaru, Toshifumi Minamoto
    Feb. 2020, BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS, 22(2) (2), 455 - 471, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Does sexual dimorphism exist in flowering phenology traits in anemophilous dioecious species?: a test with Rumex acetosa
    Matsuhisa Seiko; Ushimaru Atushi
    Last, Oct. 2019, American Journal of Botany, 106(10) (10), 1356 - 1364, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Conservation and diversity of Palearctic grasslands - Editorial to the 5th EDGG special issue in Hacquetia.
    Valkó O, Labadessa R, Palpurina S, Burrascano S, Ushimaru A and Venn S
    Jul. 2019, Hacquetia, 18(2) (2), 143 - 146
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Ski runs as an alternative habitat for threatened grassland plant species in Japan
    Yuki A. Yaida, Takuma Nagai, Kazuya Oguro, Koki R. Katsuhara, Kei Uchida, Tanaka, Kenta, Ushimaru, Atushi
    Last, Jul. 2019, Palaearctic Grasslands, 42, 16 - 22, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Koki R. Katsuhara, Naoyuki Nakahama, Taketo Komura, Masaya Kato, Yuko Miyazaki, Yuji Isagi, Motomi Ito, Atushi Ushimaru
    Last, Jun. 2019, GENES & GENETIC SYSTEMS, 94(3) (3), 133 - 138, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Prior selfing can mitigate the negative effects of mutual reproductive interference between coexisting congeners.
    Katsuhara KR and Ushimaru A
    Last, May 2019, Functional Ecology, 33(8) (8), 1504 - 1513, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Jeff Ollerton, Sigrid Liede-Schumann, Mary E Endress, Ulrich Meve, André Rodrigo Rech, Adam Shuttleworth, Héctor A Keller, Mark Fishbein, Leonardo O Alvarado-Cárdenas, Felipe W Amorim, Peter Bernhardt, Ferhat Celep, Yolanda Chirango, Fidel Chiriboga-Arroyo, Laure Civeyrel, Andrea Cocucci, Louise Cranmer, Inara Carolina da Silva-Batista, Linde de Jager, Mariana Scaramussa Deprá, Arthur Domingos-Melo, Courtney Dvorsky, Kayna Agostini, Leandro Freitas, Maria Cristina Gaglianone, Leo Galetto, Mike Gilbert, Ixchel González-Ramírez, Pablo Gorostiague, David Goyder, Leandro Hachuy-Filho, Annemarie Heiduk, Aaron Howard, Gretchen Ionta, Sofia C Islas-Hernández, Steven D Johnson, Lize Joubert, Christopher N Kaiser-Bunbury, Susan Kephart, Aroonrat Kidyoo, Suzanne Koptur, Cristiana Koschnitzke, Ellen Lamborn, Tatyana Livshultz, Isabel Cristina Machado, Salvador Marino, Lumi Mema, Ko Mochizuki, Leonor Patrícia Cerdeira Morellato, Chediel K Mrisha, Evalyne W Muiruri, Naoyuki Nakahama, Viviany Teixeira Nascimento, Clive Nuttman, Paulo Eugenio Oliveira, Craig I Peter, Sachin Punekar, Nicole Rafferty, Alessandro Rapini, Zong-Xin Ren, Claudia I Rodríguez-Flores, Liliana Rosero, Shoko Sakai, Marlies Sazima, Sandy-Lynn Steenhuisen, Ching-Wen Tan, Carolina Torres, Kristian Trøjelsgaard, Atushi Ushimaru, Milene Faria Vieira, Ana Pía Wiemer, Tadashi Yamashiro, Tarcila Nadia, Joel Queiroz, Zelma Quirino
    Jan. 2019, Annals of Botany, 123(2) (2), 311 - 325, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Jürgen Dengler, Viktoria Wagner, Iwona Dembicz, Itziar García-Mijangos, Alireza Naqinezhad, Steffen Boch, Alessandro Chiarucci, Timo Conradi, Filibeck Goffredo, Riccardo Guraino, Monika Janišová, Manuel J. Steinbauer, Svetlana Aćić, Alicia T.R. Acosta, Munemitsu Akasaka, Marc-Andre Allers, Iva Apostolova, Irena Axmanová, Branko Bakan, Alina Baranova, Manfred Bardy-Durchhalter, Sándor Bartha, Esther Baumann, Thomas Becker, Ute Becker, Elena Belonovskaya, Karin Bengtsson, José Luis Benito Alonso, Asun Berastegi, Ariel Bergamini, Ilaria Bonini, Hans Henrik Bruun, Vasyl Budzhak, Alvaro Bueno, Juan Antonio Campos
    Aug. 2018, Phytocoenologia, 48(3) (3), 331 - 347
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Aoshima I, Uchida K, Ushimaru A and Sato M
    Aug. 2018, URBAN FORESTRY & URBAN GREENING, 34, 166 - 174, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Kei Uchida, Hiroki Fujimoto, Atushi Ushimaru
    Last, Elsevier GmbH, Jun. 2018, Basic and Applied Ecology, 29, 1 - 11, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal
    Link to Kobe Univ. Repository (Kernel)

  • Historical changes in grassland area determined the demography of semi-natural grassland butterflies in Japan
    NAKAHAMA N, UCHIDA K, USHIMARU A, ISAGI Y
    Semi-natural grassland areas expanded worldwide several thousand years ago following an increase in anthropogenic activities. However, semi-natural grassland habitat areas have been declining in recent decades due to changes in landuse, which have caused a loss of grassland biodiversity. Reconstructing historical and recent demographic changes in semi- natural grassland species
    Feb. 2018, Heredity, 121, 151 - 168, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Masayuki Sato, Atushi Ushimaru, Toshifumi Minamoto
    Dec. 2017, URBAN FORESTRY & URBAN GREENING, 28, 110 - 117, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • 満足度指標を用いたとし緑地の経済価値評価
    青島一平, 内田圭, USHIMARU ATUSHI, 佐藤真行
    Jul. 2017, 環境科学会誌, 30(4) (4), 238 - 249, Japanese
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal
    Link to Kobe Univ. Repository (Kernel)

  • Koki R. Katsuhara, Shumpei Kitamura, Atushi Ushimaru
    Last, Jun. 2017, FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY, 31(6) (6), 1193 - 1200, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Masayoshi K. Hiraiwa, Atushi Ushimaru
    Last, Jan. 2017, Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 284(1846) (1846), 20162218 - 20162218, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • 雌雄異株樹木イヌツゲにおける栄養生長形質の性的二型．
    松久聖子,柳沢直,丑丸敦史
    Last, 2017, 岐阜県植物研究会誌, 33, 1 - 7, Japanese
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Hoverfly visitations to coastal fowers in Honshu and Izu islands.
    HIRAIWA K. MASAYOSHI, USHIMARU ATUSHI
    HANA ABU, Nov. 2016, The Dipterist's Club of Japan, 42, 43 - 46, Japanese
    Scientific journal

  • Established method of deposited pollen grains on the surface of pollinated insect body
    NIKKESHI AOI, HIRAIWA K. MASAYOSHI, USHIMARU ATUSHI, HOSHIZAKI KAZUHIKO, MAKITA AKIFUMI, INOUE MIZUKI
    Describing plant-pollinator interaction webs has provided a basis of evolutionary ecol- ogy of plant reproduction and mutualistic network analyses. Although most previous studies described plant-pollinator interactions by observing pollinator visits to owers, some inter- actions could be missed by the pollinator observation. Hence, recording pollen grains on pollinator bodies
    日本花粉学会, Sep. 2016, Japanese journal of palynology, 62(1) (1), 3 - 7, Japanese
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Kei Uchida, Masayoshi K. Hiraiwa, Atushi Ushimaru
    Last, Sep. 2016, BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION, 201, 270 - 276, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Traditional burning and mowing practices support high grassland plant diversity by providing intermediate levels of vegetation height and soil pH
    Yuko K. Nagata, Atushi Ushimaru
    Jun. 2016, Applied Vegetation Science, 19, 567 - 577, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Kei Uchida, Tadashi Shinohara, Sogo Takahashi, Naoyuki Nakahama, Yasuoki Takami, Atushi Ushimaru
    Last, Apr. 2016, ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE, 19(2) (2), 89 - 96, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Naoyuki Nakahama, Kei Uchida, Atushi Ushimaru, Yuji Isagi
    Apr. 2016, AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT, 221, 20 - 27, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Kei Uchida, Sogo Takahashi, Tadashi Shinohara, Atushi Ushimaru
    Last, Apr. 2016, AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT, 221, 156 - 162, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Arisa Fukuoka, Teruhiko Takahara, Munehiro Matsumoto, Biology Club of Hyogo Prefectural Agricultural High School, Atushi Ushimaru, Toshifumi Minamoto
    Tohoku University, 2016, Japanese Journal of Ecology, 66(3) (3), 613 - 620, Japanese
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal
    Link to Kobe Univ. Repository (Kernel)

  • Aoi Nikkeshi, Daiki Kurimoto, Atushi Ushimaru
    Last, Dec. 2015, AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY, 102(12) (12), 2032 - 2040, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Seiko Matsuhisa, Atushi Ushimaru
    Last, Jul. 2015, AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY, 102(7) (7), 1187 - 1197, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Ryohei G. Ohara, Atushi Ushimaru
    Jul. 2015, APPLIED VEGETATION SCIENCE, 18(3) (3), 493 - 502, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Michio Kondoh, Akihiko Mougi, Atushi Ushimaru, Kensuke Nakata
    Apr. 2015, Theor Ecol, 9(1) (1), 15 - 25, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Sou Fukumoto, Atushi Ushimaru, Toshifumi Minamoto
    Apr. 2015, JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY, 52(2) (2), 358 - 365, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Kei Uchida, Atushi Ushimaru
    Last, Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2015, Journal of Applied Ecology, 52(4) (4), 1033 - 1043, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Kei Uchida, Atushi Ushimaru
    Last, Nov. 2014, ECOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS, 84(4) (4), 637 - 658, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Atushi Ushimaru, Atsumi Kobayashi, Ikumi Dohzono
    Aug. 2014, AMERICAN NATURALIST, 184(2) (2), 258 - 267, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • 兵庫県西谷地区における準絶滅危惧種スズサイコVincetoxicum pycnostelma Kitag.の繁殖特性及び訪花昆虫相
    中濱直之, 井鷺佑司, 丑丸敦史
    Last, 関西自然保護機構, Jan. 2014, 地域自然史と保全, 35(1) (1), 115 - 123, Japanese
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Takeshi Osawa, Hiromune Mitsuhashi, Atushi Ushimaru
    Last, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2014, Plant Ecology, 215(6) (6), 597 - 612, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Yuta Uematsu, Atushi Ushimaru
    Sep. 2013, ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS, 23(6) (6), 1357 - 1366, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Nakata, K., Ushimaru, A.
    2013, Behaviour, 150(1) (1), 103 - 114, English
    Scientific journal

  • Chihiro Fukada, Shingo Kaneko, Masashi Yokogawa, Tomiki Kobayashi, Atushi Ushimaru, Yuji Isagi
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Jun. 2012, Conservation Genetics Resources, 4(2) (2), 495 - 497, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Tatsunori Iwata, Osamu Nagasaki, Hiroshi S. Ishii, Atushi Ushimaru
    Jan. 2012, New Phytologist, 193(1) (1), 196 - 203, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Marina Tsuji, Atushi Ushimaru, Takeshi Osawa, Hiromune Mitsuhashi
    Corresponding, Dec. 2011, LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING, 103(3-4) (3-4), 318 - 325, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Takeshi Osawa, Hiromune Mitsuhashi, Yuta Uematsu, Atushi Ushimaru
    Last, Sep. 2011, ECOLOGICAL INFORMATICS, 6(5) (5), 270 - 275, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Atushi Ushimaru, Motomi Genkai-Kato
    Jul. 2011, EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY, 25(4) (4), 885 - 898, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Takeshi Osawa, Hiromune Mitsuhashi, Hideyuki Niwa, Atushi Ushimaru
    Last, Jun. 2011, AQUATIC CONSERVATION-MARINE AND FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS, 21(4) (4), 358 - 363, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Riyou Tsujino, Noboru Fujita, Masao Katayama, Daiju Kawase, Kiyoshi Matsui, Akihiro Seo, Tetsuya Shimamura, Yasuhiro Takemon, Nozomi Tsujimura, Takakazu Yumoto, Atushi Ushimaru
    Last, Dec. 2010, Limnology, 11(3) (3), 289 - 297, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • 兵庫県宝塚市西谷地区における里草地の草本植物相.
    植松 裕太, 武田 義明, 丑丸 敦史
    Kanasai Organization for Nature Conservation, Dec. 2010, 関西自然保護機構会誌, 32:85-98.(2) (2), 85 - 98, Japanese
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Takeshi Osawa, Hiromune Mitsuhashi, Hideyuki Niwa, Atushi Ushimaru
    Last, Nov. 2010, Ecological Research, 25(6) (6), 1161 - 1169, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Takeshi Osawa, Hiromune Mitsuhashi, Hideyuki Niwa, Atushi Ushimaru
    Last, Bentham Science Publishers Ltd., Jul. 2010, The Open Ecology Journal, 3(1) (1), 48 - 58, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Takeshi Osawa, Hiromune Mitsuhashi, Atushi Ushimaru
    Last, Jul. 2010, Plant Ecology, 209(1) (1), 95 - 108, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Yuta Uematsu, Tatsuro Koga, Hiromune Mitsuhashi, Atushi Ushimaru
    Last, Feb. 2010, Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 135(4) (4), 304 - 309, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Atushi Ushimaru, Ikumi Dohzono, Yasuoki Takami, Fujio Hyodo
    Jul. 2009, Oecologia, 160(4) (4), 667 - 674, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal
    Link to Kobe Univ. Repository (Kernel)

  • Ryuji Yonekura, Hiroki Yamanaka, Atushi Ushimaru, Kazuaki Matsui, Kimiko Uchii, Atsushi Maruyama
    Jun. 2009, BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS, 11(6) (6), 1347 - 1355, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Ushimaru A.
    Lead, The Ecological Society of Japan, 2008, JAPANESE JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY, 58(3) (3), 170 - 172, Japanese
    Research society

  • Atushi Ushimaru, Chikako Ishida, Shoko Sakai, Mitsue Shibata, Hiroshi Tanaka, Kaoru Niiyama, Tohru Nakashizuka
    Jan. 2008, Journal of Apicultural Research, 47(4) (4), 296 - 303, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Atushi Ushimaru, Satoshi Kikuchi, Ryuji Yonekura, Atsushi Maruyama, Nao Yanagisawa, Maiko Kagami, Michiko Nakagawa, Suzuki Mahoro, Yukihiko Kohmatsu, Aya Hatada, Shumpei Kitamura, Kensuke Nakata
    Feb. 2007, Nordic Journal of Botany, 24(5) (5), 593 - 598, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Atushi Ushimaru, Takeshi Watanabe, Kensuke Nakata
    Feb. 2007, American Journal of Botany, 94(2) (2), 249 - 258, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal
    Link to Kobe Univ. Repository (Kernel)

  • TSUJINO Riyou, MATSUI Kiyoshi, USHIMARU Atushi, SEO Akihiro, KAWASE Daiju, UCHIHASHI Hisami, SUZUKI Kenji, TAKAHASHI Junko, YUMOTO Takakazu, TAKEMON Yasuhiro
    A valuable source of vegetation occurs on a floating mat consisting of sphagnum peat in Mizorogaike Pond (Kyoto, Japan). To clarify the effects of sika deer on the floating mat, we used motion-sensor cameras to photograph sika deer in 2005. We obtained 33 pictures of sika deer, most taken at night. We established a 1×1600 m belt transect and investigated the spatial distribution of plant species and feeding scars. Fourteen herbaceous plants had feeding scars from sika deer ; Menyanthes trifoliata and Iris laevigata had feeding scars in 50% or more of the sub-transects (1×10 m, N = 160). We suggest that sika deer use the entire floating mat for feeding because feeding scars on M. trifoliata, I. laevigata, and Isachne globosa were ubiquitous. These dominant species had feeding scars in 10% or more of the sub-transects. Sika deer are considered ecosystem engineers ; severe feeding pressure by sika deer may change the vegetation in the Mizorogaike Wetland. To conserve the Mizorogaike Wetland, a deer exclosure fence must be established, and vegetation and deer effects, as well as water quality effects, in the Mizorogaike Wetland must be studied.
    The Ecological Society of Japan, 2007, Japanese journal of conservation ecology, 12(1) (1), 20 - 27, Japanese
    [Refereed]

  • 深泥池湿原へのニホンジカの侵入と植生に対する採食圧
    辻野 亮, 松井 淳, Atushi Ushimaru, 瀬尾 明弘, 川瀬 大樹, 内橋 尚妙, 鈴木 健司, 高橋 淳子, 湯本 貴和, 竹門 康弘
    2007, 保全生態学研究, 12:20-27., Japanese
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • A. USHIMARU, D. KAWASE, A. IMAMURA
    Aug. 2006, Functional Ecology, 20(4) (4), 585 - 591, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal
    Link to Kobe Univ. Repository (Kernel)

  • ITOH, Masayuki, OGAWA, Masataka, TAKEDA, Yoshiaki, USHIMARU, Atsushi, TAINOSHO, Yoshiaki, EBINA, Kuniyoshi, OHMIDO, Nobuko, SHIRASUGI, Naoko, NAGASAKA, Kosaku, TANAKA, Shigenori, SANUKIDA, Satoshi, NOBUKAWA, Takako
    科学・技術が高度に発達した社会において、(a)環境問題等の解決手段として、(b)知的探求活動として、市民の科学・技術にかかわる問題の調査・研究能力を高めてゆくこと(エンパワーメント)が大きな意味を持つ。我々は、神戸大学大学院総合人間科学研究科に設置された発達支援インスティテュート/ヒューマン・コミュニティ創成研究センターの研究プロジェクトとして「市民科学に対する大学の支援に関する実践的研究」の取り組みを始めた。本プロジェクトは、神戸を主なフィールドとして、幅広い年齢や素養をもつ市民が、大学の支援のもとに、科学リテラシーを高めるとともに、自らが調査・研究能力を獲得してゆく持続可能なシステムとそれを担う組織、人材のあり方を実践的に探り、日本の社会に適したモデルを構築することを目指す。
    Japan Society of Science Education, Sep. 2005, 科教研報, 20・2, 47-51(2) (2), 47 - 51, Japanese
    Scientific journal

  • Why do bilaterally symmetrical flowers orient vertically? Flower orientation influences pollinator landing behaviour
    A Ushimaru, F Hyodo
    Jan. 2005, EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY RESEARCH, 7(1) (1), 151 - 160, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal
    Link to Kobe Univ. Repository (Kernel)

  • Difference in web construction behavior at newly occupied web sites between two Cyclosa species
    K Nakata, A Ushimaru
    May 2004, ETHOLOGY, 110(5) (5), 397 - 411, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Atushi Ushimaru, Satoshi Kikuchi, Ryuji Yonekura, Atsushi Maruyama, Nao Yanagisawa, Maiko Kagami, Michiko Nakagawa, Suzuki Mahoro, Yukihiko Kohmatsu, Aya Hatada, Shumpei Kitamura, Kensuke Nakata
    2004, NORDIC JOURNAL OF BOTANY, 24(5) (5), 593 - 598, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • ATUSHI USHIMARU, TOMOYUKI ITAGAKI, HIROSHI S. ISHII
    Wiley, Dec. 2003, Plant Species Biology, 18(2-3) (2-3), 103 - 106, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Effect of floral organ sizes on female reproductive success in Erythronium japonicum (Liliaceae)
    A Ushimaru, A Fukui, A Imamura
    Dec. 2003, JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOLOGY, 46(4) (4), 245 - 249, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Variation in floral organ size depends on function: a test with Commelina communis, an andromonoecious species
    A Ushimaru, T Itagaki, HS Ishii
    May 2003, EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY RESEARCH, 5(4) (4), 615 - 622, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal
    Link to Kobe Univ. Repository (Kernel)

  • Using past experience in web relocation decisions enhances the foraging efficiency of the spider Cyclosa argenteoalba
    K Nakata, A Ushimaru, T Watanabe
    May 2003, JOURNAL OF INSECT BEHAVIOR, 16(3) (3), 371 - 380, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Monitoring dynamics of beech forests with different structure in Shirakami Mountains(Conservation and sustainable utilization of forests in Shirakami Mountains. -I. Distribution and dynamics of forests in and around Shirakami Mountains.-)
    NAKASHIZUKA Tohru, SAITO Munekatsu, MATSUI Kiyoshi, MAKITA Akifumi, KANBAYASHI Tomohiro, MASAKI Takashi, NAGAIKE Takuo, SUGITA Hisashi, KANAZASHI Tatsuo, SEKI Takeshi, OHTA Takayuki, HITSUMA Gaku, YAGI Takanobu, HASHIMOTO Toru, SAKAI Akiko, KABEYA Daisuke, TAKATA Katsuhiko, HOSHIZAKI Kazuhiko, USHIMARU Atsushi, OHBA Shintaro, FUKUDA Takafumi, ARAI Nobumasa, ABE Midori, KAMISAKO Masato, TANAKA Kenta, ICHIE Tomoaki, SUZUKI Mahoro, INUI Yoko, NAKAGAWA Michiko, KUROKAWA Hiroko, FUJIMORI Naomi, SAMEJIMA Hiromitsu, HATADA Aya, HORI Masato, SAWADA Shinichi
    Forest dynamics and regeneration were monitored for three beech stands with different forest structure in the core area of World Natural Heritage at Shirakami Mountains. The parameters showing forest structure (tree density, basal area, diameter distributions etc.), dynamic parameters (recruitment and mortality of trees) and those relating regeneration (seed production, seedling emergence etc.) were different among stands, suggesting their different histories of establishment. The relationships between stands along forest development process were estimated with the dynamic parameters obtained. The necessary accuracy and resolution for the monitoring are also discussed with the basis of experiencing the observation.
    The Tohoku Society of Forest Science, 2003, Tohoku journal of forest science, 8, 67 - 74, Japanese
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • The evolution of flower allometry in selfing species
    A Ushimaru, K Nakata
    Dec. 2002, EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY RESEARCH, 4(8) (8), 1217 - 1227, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal
    Link to Kobe Univ. Repository (Kernel)

  • Atushi Ushimaru, Akio Imamura
    Dec. 2002, Plant Species Biology, 17(2-3) (2-3), 147 - 153, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • T Watanabe, T Tanigaki, H Nishi, A Ushimaru, T Takeuchi
    Mar. 2002, ZOOLOGICAL SCIENCE, 19(3) (3), 351 - 358, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • KIYOSHI MATSUI, Atushi USHIMARU, NOBORU FUJITA
    Wiley, Dec. 2001, Plant Species Biology, 16(3) (3), 231 - 235, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Atushi Ushimaru, Kensuke Nakata
    Nov. 2001, International Journal of Plant Sciences, 162(6) (6), 1307 - 1311, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal
    Link to Kobe Univ. Repository (Kernel)

  • Atushi Ushimaru, Kiyoshi Matsui
    Aug. 2001, Nordic Journal of Botany, 21(4) (4), 397 - 399, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • KENSUKE NAKATA, ATUSHI USHIMARU
    Jun. 1999, Animal Behaviour, 57(6) (6), 1251 - 1255, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal

  • Atushi Ushimaru, Kihachiro Kikuzawa
    Mar. 1999, American Journal of Botany, 86(3) (3), 436 - 446, English
    [Refereed]
    Scientific journal
    Link to Kobe Univ. Repository (Kernel)

■ MISC
  • Verification of the effectiveness of interval shooting camera in pollinator survey-Comparison with direct observation-
    渡津友博, 渡津友博, 平岩将良, 井上雅仁, 三島秀夫, 丑丸敦史, 保坂哲朗
    2022, 日本生態学会大会講演要旨(Web), 69th

  • Effects of land-use changes on pollination networks and services in paddy ecosystems
    丑丸敦史, 清水健将, 平岩将良
    2021, 日本生態学会大会講演要旨(Web), 68th

  • Elucidation of pollinator community in Akana Wetland, Shimane Prefecture, using direct observations and interval shooting cameras
    渡津友博, 渡津友博, 保坂哲朗, 平岩将良, 井上雅仁, 三島秀夫, 丑丸敦史
    2021, 日本生態学会大会講演要旨(Web), 68th

  • Inter population floral variation caused by adaptation to local pollination environment.
    増田佳奈, 邑上夏菜, 勝原光希, 宮崎祐子, 丑丸敦史
    2021, 日本生態学会大会講演要旨(Web), 68th

  • Effects of reproductive interference from closely related species on genetic structure and selfing rate in native Commelina species.
    勝原光希, 宮崎祐子, 丑丸敦史
    2021, 日本生態学会大会講演要旨(Web), 68th

  • Community-wide difference in floral traits between continental and oceanic islands-different patterns depending on corolla tube length-
    平岩将良, 丑丸敦史
    2020, 日本生態学会大会講演要旨(Web), 67th

  • Sex determination of flowers depending on day length and nutrient environment in andromonoecious species Commelina communis f. ciliata
    宮崎祐子, 佐藤弘大, 井上智美, 赤路康朗, 勝原光希, 邑上夏菜, 丑丸敦史
    2020, 日本生態学会大会講演要旨(Web), 67th

  • Does urbanization influence popultion selfing rate in annual herb Commelina communis?
    増田佳奈, 邑上夏菜, 勝原光希, 宮崎祐子, 丑丸敦史
    2020, 日本生態学会大会講演要旨(Web), 67th

  • 送粉ネットワークのジェネラリスト化による送粉機能への影響-都市と島の生態系を例に
    平岩将良, 清水健将, 丑丸敦史
    2019, 日本生態学会大会講演要旨(Web), 66th

  • 都市化による植物群集の花色組成変化
    田中奎佑, 平岩将良, 清水健将, 中田泰地, 丑丸敦史
    2019, 日本生態学会大会講演要旨(Web), 66th

  • 雄性両全性同株ケツユクサの花の性は資源依存的に決まるのか?
    佐藤弘大, 宮崎祐子, 勝原光希, 邑上夏菜, 廣部宗, 兵藤不二夫, 丑丸敦史
    2019, 日本生態学会大会講演要旨(Web), 66th

  • 送粉環境と花形質が自殖率に与える影響:ツユクサの集団間変異を用いた検証
    邑上夏菜, 勝原光希, 宮崎祐子, 丑丸敦史
    2019, 日本生態学会大会講演要旨(Web), 66th

  • 都市化により植物群集の繁殖成功は低下するのか?-開花量減少と送粉者相変化の影響-
    平岩将良, 清水健将, 丑丸敦史
    2018, 日本生態学会大会講演要旨(Web), 65th

  • 防鹿柵設置による植生回復が訪花昆虫に与える効果について(大台ヶ原での事例)
    樋口高志, 樋口香代, 平岩将良, 丑丸敦史
    2018, 日本生態学会大会講演要旨(Web), 65th

  • 都市化による種多様性減少は送粉ネットワークのジェネラリスト化を促進するのか?
    丑丸敦史, 清水健将, 平岩将良
    2018, 日本生態学会大会講演要旨(Web), 65th

  • 虫媒花における,花色と形態の相関進化-送粉者相の異なる5地域間の比較-
    角屋真澄, 辻本翔平, 久保田将裕, 渡邉裕人, 伏黒陽大, 平岩将良, 丑丸敦史, 工藤岳, 石井博
    2018, 日本生態学会大会講演要旨(Web), 65th

  • ケツユクサの花の性決定に関わる遺伝子発現
    宮崎祐子, 原里美, 勝原光希, 邑上夏菜, 丑丸敦史
    2018, 日本生態学会大会講演要旨(Web), 65th

  • 日本生態学会全国大会賞(ポスター賞)最優秀賞_2
    岩知道優樹, 内田圭, 横田樹広, 丑丸敦史, 佐々木雄大
    2018, 第65回日本生態学会

  • 都市化による機能群多様性の減少が植物-送粉者ネットワークに与える影響
    清水健将, 平岩将良, 丑丸敦史
    2017, 日本生態学会大会講演要旨(Web), 64th

  • 送粉者間の競争の変化がもたらす訪花ニッチの変化と植物への影響:本州と海洋島の比較
    平岩将良, 丑丸敦史
    2017, 日本生態学会大会講演要旨(Web), 64th

  • 半自然草地における系統的多様性の均質化-水田畦畔草地における検証
    内田圭, 平岩将良, 丑丸敦史
    2017, 日本生態学会大会講演要旨(Web), 64th

  • 都市緑地が主観的な緑量や満足度に与える影響の分析
    青島一平, 内田圭, 丑丸敦史, 田畑智博, 佐藤真行
    2017, 環境情報科学, 46(1) (1)

  • 低い送粉者の機能的多様性が形態のミスマッチを引き起こす
    平岩将良, 丑丸敦史
    2016, 日本生態学会大会講演要旨(Web), 63rd

  • 送粉者機能群多様性と送粉ネットワーク構造の関係
    丑丸敦史, 平岩将良
    2016, 日本生態学会大会講演要旨(Web), 63rd

  • 土地利用変化がトノサマガエルの食性に与える影響
    青木香澄, 丑丸敦史, 兵藤不二夫
    2016, 日本生態学会大会講演要旨(Web), 63rd

  • 環境科学会2016年会．最優秀発表賞 (富士電機賞)
    青島一平, 内田圭, 丑丸敦史, 佐藤真行
    2016

  • 日本生態学会全国大会賞(ポスター賞)最優秀賞_1
    長井拓馬, 丑丸敦史, 内田圭
    2016, 第63回日本生態学会

  • 島嶼において送粉者は小型化するのか?-本州と伊豆諸島の比較-
    平岩将良, 丑丸敦史
    2015, 日本生態学会大会講演要旨(Web), 62nd

  • 都市水田畦畔における開花高の高い植物の消失
    畑田真紀子, 内田圭, 藤本泰樹, 平岩将良, 丑丸敦史
    2015, 日本生態学会大会講演要旨(Web), 62nd

  • 送粉者相の異なる島嶼間の送粉ネットワークの比較
    平岩将良, 丑丸敦史
    2014, 日本生態学会大会講演要旨(Web), 61st

  • 花形質から送粉者相は予測できるか?
    平岩将良, 新庄康平, 掛谷知世, 長谷川雅美, 石井博, 丑丸敦史
    2013, 日本生態学会大会講演要旨集, 60th

  • Excellent Poster Award
    Kei Uchida, Atushi Ushimaru
    2013, The 59th Ecological Society of Japan and the 5th East Asian Federation of Ecological Societies

  • 369 Finding new links in an alpine pollination network by examining pollen deposited on the insect body surfaces
    Nikkeshi A., Shinjyou K., Ushimaru A., Ishii H.
    Palynological Society of Japan, 23 Aug. 2012, 日本花粉学会会誌, 58, 168 - 168, English

■ Books And Other Publications
  • 教養の生態学 : 未来を生きるすべての人の
    日本生態学会, 畑田, 彩, 佐賀, 達矢, 丑丸, 敦史, 中田, 兼介
    Joint editor, 東京化学同人, Mar. 2025, Japanese, ISBN: 9784807920679

  • 生態学
    武田, 義明
    Contributor, 生物の適応進化;生物多様性, 化学同人, Mar. 2021, Japanese, ISBN: 9784759811087

  • 草地と日本人 : 縄文人からつづく草地利用と生態系
    須賀, 丈, 岡本, 透, 丑丸, 敦史
    Joint work, 畔の上の草地ー里草地, 築地書館, Feb. 2019, Japanese, ISBN: 9784806715764

  • 雑草学入門
    山口, 裕文, 宮浦, 理恵, 松嶋, 賢一, 下野, 嘉子
    Contributor, 水田畦畔草地の生物多様性, 講談社, Sep. 2018, Japanese, ISBN: 9784065129524

  • Grasslands of the world: diversity, management and conservation
    Victor R. Squires, Jürgen Dengler, Limin Hua, Haiying Feng
    Contributor, Grassland biodiversity in Japan: threats, management and conservation., CRC Press, Boca Raton, US., Aug. 2018, English, Under the temperate humid climate of the Holocene in Japan, most vegetation potentially would change into forests by ecological succession. Harsh environments, natural disturbances and or human activities, however, have sustained natural and semi-natural grasslands until today. The grassland types vary, depending on locations and management forms, and the aims of using semi-nat
    Scholarly book

  • 進化学事典
    日本進化学会
    Contributor, 自殖; 有性生殖; 無性生殖, 共立出版, Apr. 2012, Japanese, ISBN: 9784320057777

  • 草地と日本人 : 日本列島草原1万年の旅
    須賀, 丈, 岡本, 透, 丑丸, 敦史
    築地書館, Feb. 2012, Japanese, ISBN: 9784806714347

  • 深泥池の自然と暮らし : 生態系管理をめざして
    深泥池七人会編集部会
    Contributor, ミズオトギリ−14種もの狩蜂が吸蜜に−; モウセンゴケは昆虫の敵か？味方か？．, サンライズ出版, Mar. 2008, Japanese, ISBN: 9784883253579

  • 進化で読み解くふしぎな生き物 : シンカのかたち
    北海道大学CoSTEPサイエンスライターズ, 宮本, 拓海, 遊磨, 正秀, 丑丸, 敦史
    Supervisor, 技術評論社, May 2007, Japanese, ISBN: 9784774130620

  • プラントミメティックス : 植物に学ぶ
    鈴木, 泰博, 高林, 純示, 福崎, 英一郎, 福田, 裕穂, 湯本, 貴和, 甲斐, 昌一, 森川, 弘道
    Contributor, 花標に学ぶ送粉共生系, エヌ・ティー・エス, Aug. 2006, Japanese, ISBN: 4860431316

  • 花生態学の最前線 : 美しさの進化的背景を探る
    種生物学会
    Contributor, 両性花における自家和合性と自動的自家受粉の進化, NetLibrary, 1999, Japanese, ISBN: 9784829911396

■ Lectures, oral presentations, etc.
  • 草原でクモはどのように花を利用するか：花上クモ類における植物利用パターン比較
    宇治田京子, 平山楽, 丑丸敦史
    第72回日本生態学会, Mar. 2025, Japanese
    Oral presentation

  • 環境DNA分析を用いた水田におけるカエル類の個体数密度と景観要因の関係の解析
    小倉彰紀, 邬倩倩, 中尾遼平, 丑丸敦史, 源利文
    第72回日本生態学会, Mar. 2025, Japanese
    Oral presentation

  • カエル類の体色変異及び模様の適応的意義：鳥類からの捕食の回避機能に着目して
    角うらん, 丑丸敦史
    第72回日本生態学会, Mar. 2025, Japanese
    Oral presentation

  • 絶滅危惧植物が維持される環境の解明：多様な火入れ草原における植生と土壌の比較絶滅危惧植物が維持される環境の解明：多様な火入れ草原における植生と土壌の比較
    朝田愛理, ��原知哉, 矢井田友暉, 増田祐季, 川上風馬, 大脇淳, 丑丸敦史
    第72回日本生態学会, Mar. 2025, Japanese
    Oral presentation

  • 歴史の古い草原に隠された環境価値（Part2）
    田中健太, 波大学山岳科学センター, 丑丸敦史
    第72回日本生態学会, Mar. 2025, Japanese
    Public symposium

  • 生態学を社会へ：生態学会編・教養の生態学（仮）を出版します！
    丑丸敦史, 佐賀達矢
    第72回日本生態学会, Mar. 2025, Japanese
    Public symposium

  • Mechanisms for maintaining diversity of threatened plant species in burned grasslands: focusing on soil properties and vegetation height.
    Airi Asada, Atsushi Ohwaki, Yuki A. Yaida, Fuma Kawakami, Masaki Masuda, Atushi Ushimaru
    19th Eurasian Grassland Conference, Aug. 2024, English
    Oral presentation

  • Changes in network properties influence pollination services in plant-pollinator communities in an East-Asian mega-city area
    Atushi Ushimaru, Kensho Shimizu, Masayoshi Hiraiwa
    19th Eurasian Grassland Conference, Aug. 2024, English
    Oral presentation

  • 多様な都市生育地環境が植物の形質進化と遺伝構造に与える影響：ツユクサを用いた検証
    中田泰地, 中濱直之, 近江戸伸子, 丑丸敦史
    Mar. 2024, Japanese

  • 意外と一途なハナアブ：ハナバチ・ハナアブの連続訪花行動の比較から
    瀬尾夏未, 丑丸敦史
    第71回日本生態学会, Mar. 2024, Japanese

  • 歴史の古い草原は根茎量が多いか？ ー新しい草原、森林との比較ー
    寺嶋悠人, 山岳セ, 野口幹仁, 平山楽, 冨高まほろ, 岳セ, 土井結渚, 鈴木暁久, 朝田愛理, 丑丸敦史, 黒川紘子, 加藤拓, 田中健太
    第71回日本生態学会, Mar. 2024, Japanese
    Poster presentation

  • 火入れ草原における絶滅危惧植物種の多様性維持機構：土壌特性と植生高に着目して
    朝田愛理, 大脇淳, 矢井田友暉, 川上風馬, 増田祐季, 丑丸敦史
    第71回日本生態学会, Mar. 2024, Japanese
    Poster presentation

  • オニタビラコ２亜種の都市-里山間における種子散布能力と空間的分布の比較
    中野崇平, 丑丸敦史
    第70回日本生態学会, Mar. 2023, Japanese
    Poster presentation

  • 在来一年生草本ツユクサの形質進化の検証-多様な都市環境に着目して-
    中田泰地, 中濱直之, 近江戸伸子, 丑丸敦史
    第70回日本生態学会, Mar. 2023, Japanese
    Poster presentation

  • 10年間での環境変化に伴う水田性カエル類の分布変化 第70回日本生態学会
    村上龍登, 泉澤俊希, 丑丸敦史
    第70回日本生態学会, Mar. 2023, Japanese
    Poster presentation

  • 海浜植物の形態的特徴-スミレとその変種間の比較-
    大谷素司, 丑丸敦史
    第70回日本生態学会, Mar. 2023, Japanese
    Poster presentation

  • カンサイタンポポの閉花タイミングにおける性的対立は送粉者制限下で顕著になる
    中土井洋平太, 丑丸敦史, 京極太助
    第70回日本生態学会, Mar. 2023, Japanese
    Poster presentation

  • 花形態の複雑化が開花密度-繁殖成功関係へもたらす影響
    佐藤秋周, 丑丸敦史, 川上風馬, 中土井洋平太, 朝田愛理, 石井博, 白鳥裕太郎
    第70回日本生態学会, Mar. 2023, Japanese
    Poster presentation

  • 草地再生過程における送粉ネットワークおよび送粉サービスの回復とそのメカニズム
    平山楽, 井上太貴, 石井博, 田中健太, 丑丸敦史
    第70回日本生態学会, Mar. 2023, Japanese
    Poster presentation

  • ジェネラリスト送粉者は、個体レベルではスペシャリストであるのか？
    瀬尾夏未, 丑丸敦史, 石井博
    第70回日本生態学会, Mar. 2023, Japanese
    Poster presentation

  • 植物-送粉者の関係から探る捕食者 クモ類の花上狩場選好性
    宇治田京子, 平山楽, 丑丸敦史
    第70回日本生態学会, Mar. 2023, Japanese
    Poster presentation

  • カリガネソウの曲がる花茎は雄の繁殖成功を高める
    増田祐季, 丑丸敦史, 朝田愛理
    第70回日本生態学会, Mar. 2023, Japanese
    Poster presentation

  • 溶岩上火入れ草原における希少植物の高い多様性
    朝田愛理, 大脇淳, 矢井田友暉, 川上風馬, 増田祐季, 丑丸敦史
    第70回日本生態学会, Mar. 2023, Japanese
    Oral presentation

  • 二次林の作業道路に遺存する草原性植物の多様性
    第70回日本生態学会, Mar. 2023, Japanese
    Oral presentation

  • Lava flows support high diversity of grassland plants including threatened species in a meadow area managed by burning
    Airi Asada, Atsushi Ohwaki, Yuki A. Yaida, Shuhei Nakano, Atushi Ushimaru
    Asian Grassland Conference, Apr. 2022, English
    Poster presentation

  • Urbanized grasslands within fragmented agricultural lands favor species with short gereration times.
    Hiroki Fujimoto, Kei Uchida, Atushi Ushimaru
    Asian Grassland Conference, Apr. 2022, English
    Oral presentation

  • 丑丸敦史 カンサイタンポポの閉花タイミングにおける性的対立の可能性
    中土井洋平太, 京極大助
    第69回日本生態学会, Mar. 2022, Japanese
    Poster presentation

  • 都市における在来植物の表現型変異の多様性-一年生草本ツユクサを用いて-
    中田泰地, 丑丸敦史
    第69回日本生態学会, Mar. 2022, Japanese
    Poster presentation

  • ヤブツバキにおける厚い花筒はメジロによる送粉への適応か？
    村上渚, 矢井田友暉, 宇治田京子, 大谷素司, 丑丸敦史
    第69回日本生態学会, Mar. 2022, Japanese
    Poster presentation

  • スキー場草地での植生再生過程における送粉ネットワーク構造・植物の繁殖成功の変化
    平山楽, 田中健太, 石井博, 丑丸敦史
    第69回日本生態学会, Mar. 2022, Japanese
    Poster presentation

  • 送粉者相の違いが開花密度-繁殖成功関係にもたらす影響
    佐藤秋周, 中田泰地, 川上風馬, 村上渚, 朝田愛理, 増田祐季, 大谷素司, 白鳥裕太郎, 石井博, 丑丸敦史
    第69回日本生態学会, Mar. 2022, Japanese
    Poster presentation

  • 圃場整備と耕作放棄が水田畦畔の植物-送粉者ネットワークと送粉サービスに与える影響
    冨田誠之, 平山楽, 丑丸敦史
    第69回日本生態学会, Mar. 2022, Japanese
    Poster presentation

  • ツユクサの先行自家受粉は他殖の機会を減少させうるか？
    増田佳奈, 勝原光希, 宮崎祐子, 丑丸敦史混殖種
    第69回日本生態学会, Mar. 2022, Japanese

  • スキー場草原の植物種組成に植生履歴が影響するメカニズム
    矢井田友暉, 下野綾子, 井上太貴, 田中健太, 丑丸敦史
    第69回日本生態学会, Mar. 2022, Japanese
    Public symposium

  • 圃場整備の植生への影響は立地環境によって異なる
    田村徹, 矢井田友暉, 丑丸敦史
    第69回日本生態学会、福岡、, Mar. 2022, Japanese
    Nominated symposium

  • 水田生態系における土地利用変化による送粉ネットワーク・送粉サービスへの影響
    丑丸敦史, 清水健将, 平岩将良
    第68回日本生態学会, Mar. 2021, Japanese
    Public symposium

  • 直接観察とインターバル撮影カメラを用いた島根県赤名湿地における訪花昆虫群集の解明
    渡津友博, 保坂哲朗, 平岩将良, 井上雅仁, 三島秀夫, 丑丸敦史
    第68回日本生態学会, Mar. 2021, Japanese
    Poster presentation

  • ケツユクサの可塑的な性決定メカニズム：花序内の資源動態に着目して
    佐藤弘大, 宮崎 祐子, 勝原光希, 邑上夏菜, 廣部宗, 兵藤不二夫, 丑丸敦史
    第68回日本生態学会, Mar. 2021, Japanese
    Poster presentation

  • 草原の時間的連続性が地表徘徊性甲虫群集に与える影響
    井上太貴, 矢井田友暉, 小粥隆弘, 伊藤昇, 丑丸敦史, 田中健太
    第68回日本生態学会, Mar. 2021, Japanese
    Poster presentation

  • 春から初夏におけるナミアゲハの訪花傾向：野外観察と体表花粉の分析
    南木悠, 日下石碧, 寺井洋平, 丑丸敦史, 木下充代
    第68回日本生態学会, Mar. 2021, Japanese
    Poster presentation

  • 送粉系群集における、送粉者の分類群組成と花形質組成の季節推移
    白鳥裕太郎, 角屋真澄, 辻本翔平, 丑丸敦史, 石井博
    第68回日本生態学会, Mar. 2021, Japanese
    Poster presentation

  • 斜面に生育するテンナンショウ属植物の花序はどこを向くのか?
    川上風馬, 松本哲也, 中田泰地, 矢井田友暉, 大西麻衣, 丑丸敦史
    第68回日本生態学会, Mar. 2021, Japanese

  • 開花密度が繁殖成功に及ぼす影響~放射相称花・左右相称花間の比較~
    佐藤秋周, 中田泰地, 川上風馬, 白鳥裕太郎, 石井博, 丑丸敦史
    第68回日本生態学会, Mar. 2021, Japanese
    Poster presentation

  • 棚田の圃場整備による外来植物種の侵入が送粉ネットワークに及ぼす影響
    平山楽, 冨田誠之, 丑丸敦史
    第68回日本生態学会, Mar. 2021, Japanese
    Poster presentation

  • 水田において圃場整備と耕作放棄が畦畔の植物-送粉者ネットワークに与える影響
    冨田誠之, 平山楽, 丑丸敦史
    第68回日本生態学会, Mar. 2021, Japanese
    Poster presentation

  • 多様な都市生育地は一年生草本の表現型の集団間変異を促進するか?
    中田泰地, 増田佳奈, 佐藤秋周, 川上風馬, 丑丸敦史
    第68回日本生態学会, Mar. 2021, Japanese
    Poster presentation

  • 造成されたスキー場の草原性植物の多様性は種子の散布制限の影響を受けるか
    矢井田友暉, 中田泰地, 田中健太, 丑丸敦史
    第68回日本生態学会, Mar. 2021, Japanese
    Poster presentation

  • ツユクサの花形質の集団間変異は送粉環境への適応か？：野外調査と栽培実験による検証
    増田佳奈, 邑上夏菜, 勝原光希, 宮崎祐子, 丑丸敦史
    第68回日本生態学会, Mar. 2021, Japanese
    Poster presentation

  • 訪花者群集の組成に応じた、植物群集の花形質組成
    石井博、辻本翔平、丑丸敦史、工藤岳
    第67回日本生態学会, Mar. 2020

  • 雄性両全性同株ケツユクサの個花における日長と養分環境依存的性決定
    宮崎祐子、佐藤弘大、井上智美、赤路康朗、勝原光希、邑上夏菜、丑丸敦史
    第67回日本生態学会, Mar. 2020

  • 島根県赤名湿地における花の形質と訪花昆虫群集の関係
    渡津友博、保坂哲朗、井上雅仁、三島秀夫、丑丸敦史
    第67回日本生態学会, Mar. 2020

  • 野外観察と花粉分析によるアゲハチョウの訪花行動の解明
    南木悠、日下石碧、寺井洋平、丑丸敦史、木下充代
    第67回日本生態学会, Mar. 2020

  • カラスウリの花におけるフリンジ状花弁の適応的意義
    瀬尾夏未、 船本大智、 阪上洸多、丑丸敦史
    第67回日本生態学会, Mar. 2020

  • 都市域と里山域での自殖率の集団間比較：一年生草本ツユクサを用いて
    増田佳奈、邑上夏菜、 勝原光希、宮崎祐子、丑丸敦史
    第67回日本生態学会, Mar. 2020

  • 水田における土地利用の変化が畦畔の植物-送粉者ネットワークの構造に及ぼす影響
    冨田誠之, 平山楽, 丑丸敦史
    第67回日本生態学会, Mar. 2020

  • 都市-里山環境傾度で植物の機能形質の種内変異を起こす要因
    中田泰地、矢井田友暉、勝原光希、丑丸敦史
    第67回日本生態学会, Mar. 2020

  • 草原性絶滅危惧種キキョウの繁殖生態—花の咲く向きに着目して—
    中田 泰地、矢井田 友暉、石井 凜、勝原 光希、丑丸 敦史
    第51回種生物学シンポジウム 宮崎、2019年12月, Dec. 2019, Japanese

  • Evolution of large flowers adapted to small pollinators in oceanic islands.
    Hiraiwa MK and Ushimaru A
    Island biology 2019: III International Conference on Island Evolution, Ecology, and Conservation, Jul. 2019, English
    Poster presentation

  • Community-wide difference in floral traits between continental and oceanic island coastal plants.
    Ushimaru A and Hiraiwa MK
    Island biology 2019: III International Conference on Island Evolution, Ecology, and ConservationIsland biology 2019: III International Conference on Island Evolution, Ecology, and Conservation, Jul. 2019, English
    Oral presentation

  • 林縁性草本ホタルカズラの送粉成功における被陰・被覆の影響
    石井凜, 勝原光希, 丑丸敦史
    第68回日本生態学会, Mar. 2019, Japanese, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • 雄性両全性同株植物ツユクサにおける可塑的な雄花生産
    勝原光希, 邑上夏菜, 丑丸敦史
    第66回日本生態学会, Mar. 2019, Japanese, Domestic conference
    Oral presentation

  • 埋土種子の減少と種子散布制限は新しく建設されたスキー場の草原性植物組成を決定する
    矢井田友暉, 井上太貴, 田中健太, 丑丸敦史
    第68回日本生態学会, Mar. 2019, Japanese, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • 放棄畦畔への草刈り再導入による植物多様性の再生ー５年間の再生実験の成果ー
    高島敬子, 長井拓馬, 上原勇樹, 勝原光希, 丑丸敦史
    第68回日本生態学会, Mar. 2019, Japanese, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • 都市化は植物の機能形質を変化させるか？阪神地区の水田における検証
    中田泰地, 丑丸敦史
    第68回日本生態学会, Mar. 2019, Japanese, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • 都市化による植物群集の花色組成変化
    田中奎佑, 平岩将良, 清水健将, 中田泰地, 丑丸敦史
    第68回日本生態学会, Mar. 2019, Japanese, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • 地域的攪乱レジームが種プールの対攪乱応答を変化させる
    上原勇樹, 瀧本岳, 丑丸敦史
    第68回日本生態学会, Mar. 2019, Japanese, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • 送粉環境と花形質が自殖率に与える影響：ツユクサの集団間変異を用いた検証
    邑上夏菜, 勝原光希, 宮崎祐子, 丑丸敦史
    第68回日本生態学会, Mar. 2019, Japanese, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • 送粉ネットワークのジェネラリスト化による送粉機能への影響ー都市と島の生態系を例に
    平岩将良, 清水健将, 丑丸敦史
    第67回日本生態学会, Mar. 2019, Japanese, Domestic conference
    Oral presentation

  • 雄性両全性同株植物ツユクサにおける花形態の性的二型性：送粉プロセスに着目して
    邑上夏菜, 勝原光希, 丑丸敦史
    第50回種生物学シンポジウム, Dec. 2018, Japanese, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • 自殖の進化は繁殖干渉下の共存を促進するか：個体ベースモデルを用いたシミュレーション
    勝原光希, 立木佑弥, 入谷亮介, 丑丸敦
    第50回種生物学シンポジウム, Dec. 2018, Japanese, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • The impact of biodiversity in river on valuation of urban ecosystem services: the case of Hanshin region using eDNA and the residents' life satisfaction data
    AOSHIMA Ippei, NAKAO Ryohei, MINAMOTO Toshifumi, USHIMARU Atushi, SATO Masayuki
    The 65th Annual Meeting of Ecological Society of Japan, Mar. 2018, English, Sapporo Convention Center, Sapporo, Japan, International conference
    Oral presentation

  • 風媒・風散布の雌雄異株植物スイバの花序構造：性的二型性とメスのジレンマ
    松久聖子, USHIMARU ATUSHI
    第64回日本生態学会大会, Mar. 2017, Japanese, 東京、早稲田大学, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • 都市化による機能群多様性の減少が植物‐送粉者ネットワークに与える影響
    清水健将, 平岩将良, USHIMARU ATUSHI
    第64回日本生態学会大会, Mar. 2017, Japanese, 東京、早稲田大学, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • 地域的な攪乱頻度に応じた種プールの構築
    上原勇樹, 瀧本岳, USHIMARU ATUSHI
    第64回日本生態学会大会, Mar. 2017, Japanese, 東京、早稲田大学, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • 植生履歴が植物相形成に与える影響
    矢井田友暉, 田中健太, 小黒和也, 長井拓馬, 内田圭, KATSUHARA R. Koki, USHIMARU Atushi
    第64回日本生態学会大会, Mar. 2017, Japanese, 東京、早稲田大学, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • 自然環境と満足度～都市の生活と生態系サービス～
    青島一平, 内田圭, USHIMARU ATUSHI, 佐藤真行
    第64回日本生態学会大会, Mar. 2017, Japanese, 東京、早稲田大学, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • 耕作放棄地における管理の再導入による植物種の多様性の再生―機能形質による再生プロセ スの解明に向けて―
    髙島敬子, 上原勇樹, 長井拓馬, USHIMARU ATUSHI
    第64回日本生態学会大会, Mar. 2017, Japanese, 東京、早稲田大学, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • Evaluation of a species distribution model based on environmental DNA analysis - An case study of Japanese giant salamander (Andrial japonicus) -
    HIDAKA Shunsuke, KATSUHARA R. Koki, TOMITA Sei, USHIMARU Atushi, YAMAMOTO Satoshi, MINAMOTO Toshifumi
    The 64th Annual Meeting of Ecological Society of Japan, Mar. 2017, Japanese, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan, Domestic conference
    Oral presentation

  • 花の空間分布が送粉者および捕食者の分布に与える影響
    USHIMARU ATUSHI, 勝原光希, 中田兼介, 石井博, 北村俊平
    第64回日本生態学会大会, Mar. 2017, Japanese, 東京、早稲田大学, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • Evaluation of the species distribution model for Japanese giant salamander based on environmental DNA analysis
    HIDAKA Shunsuke, KATSUHARA R. Koki, TOMITA Sei, USHIMARU Atsushi, YAMAMOTO Satoshi, MINAMOTO Toshifumi
    The 81st Annual Meeting of Japanese Society of Limnology, Nov. 2016, Japanese, Ryukyu University (Okinawa, Japan), Domestic conference
    Oral presentation

  • Estimating the distribution of the Japanese giant salamander (Andrias japonicus) by ecological niche modeling based on environmental DNA detection
    MINAMOTO Toshifumi, HIDAKA Shunsuke, KATSUHARA Koki, TOMITA Sei, YAMAMOTO Satoshi, USHIMARU Atushi
    Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting 2016, Aug. 2016, English, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, U.S.A., International conference
    Poster presentation

  • Spatiotemporal variation in pollinator species and functional diversity influences the structure of pollination networks in Japanese islands
    USHIMARU ATUSHI, Masayoshi K Hiraiwa
    Island biology 2016: II International Conference on Island Evolution, Ecology, and Conservation, Jul. 2016, English, Terceira island, Azores, Portugal., International conference
    [Invited]
    Oral presentation

  • Low pollinator functional diversity in oceanic islands influences pollnators’ floral niches
    Masayoshi K Hiraiwa, USHIMARU ATUSHI
    Island biology 2016: II International Conference on Island Evolution, Ecology, and Conservation, Jul. 2016, English, Terceira island, Azores, Portugal., International conference
    Oral presentation

  • 風媒の雌雄異株植物スイバの形態に性的二型性はあるか
    松久聖子, USHIMARU ATUSHI
    第63回日本生態学会大会, Mar. 2016, Japanese, 仙台, Domestic conference
    Oral presentation

  • 土地利用変化がトノサマガエルの食性に与える影響
    青木香澄, USHIMARU ATUSHI, 兵藤不二夫
    第63回日本生態学会大会, Mar. 2016, Japanese, 仙台, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • 都市化が送粉ネットワークにもたらす影響
    清水健将, USHIMARU ATUSHI
    第63回日本生態学会大会, Mar. 2016, Japanese, 仙台, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • 伝統的管理の実験的導入による里草地再生
    長井拓馬, USHIMARU ATUSHI, 内田圭
    第63回日本生態学会大会, Mar. 2016, Japanese, 仙台, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • 低い送粉者の機能的多様性が形態のミスマッチを引き起こす
    平岩将良, USHIMARU ATUSHI
    第63回日本生態学会大会, Mar. 2016, Japanese, 仙台, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • 送粉者機能群多様性と送粉ネットワーク構造の関係
    USHIMARU ATUSHI, 平岩将良
    第63回日本生態学会大会, Mar. 2016, Japanese, 仙台, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • 高山帯と低地帯（里草地）で訪花昆虫相・送粉効率は異なるのか？
    日下石碧, USHIMARU ATUSHI, 石井博
    第63回日本生態学会大会, Mar. 2016, Japanese, 仙台, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • A large survey of Japanese giant salamander (Andrias japonicus) by using environmental DNA
    HIDAKA Shunsuke, KATSUHARA Kohki, TOMITA Sei, USHIMARU Atushi, MINAMOTO Toshifumi
    The 63rd Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of Japan, Mar. 2016, Japanese, Sendai International Center, Sendai, Japan, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • メガシティにおける植物および植食性昆虫の機能的多様性評価
    藤本泰樹, USHIMARU ATUSHI, 内田圭
    第63回日本生態学会大会, Mar. 2016, Japanese, 仙台, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • Environmental DNA survey using multiplex PCR for endemic and exotic fish species in the ponds in Hyogo Prefecture
    FUKUOKA Arisa, USHIMARU Atushi, MINAMOTO Toshifumi
    The 63rd Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of Japan, Mar. 2016, Japanese, Sendai International Center, Sendai, Japan, Domestic conference
    [Invited]
    Nominated symposium

  • ツユクサ属２品種における雄花生産の季節変化とその要因
    邑上夏菜, 勝原光希, USHIMARU ATUSHI
    第63回日本生態学会大会, Mar. 2016, Japanese, 仙台, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • Koki Katsuhara,Atushi Ushimaru,Shumpei Kitamura Functional significance of inconspicuous petals in scent-attracted flowers
    KATSUHARA KOKI, USHIMARU ATUSHI, KITAMURA SHUMPEI
    第63回日本生態学会大会, Mar. 2016, English, 仙台, Domestic conference
    Oral presentation

  • Environmental DNA Assessment of Rare Endemic Species and Closely Related Exotic Species: A Case Study of Giant Salamanders in Japan
    MINAMOTO Toshifumi, FUKUKMOTO Sou, HIDAKA Shunsuke, USHIMARU Atushi
    2015 Society of Wetland Scientist Annual Meeting, Jun. 2015, English, Providence, Rhode Island, USA, International conference
    [Invited]
    Nominated symposium

  • 放棄水田畦畔の植物多様性は再生するのか −草刈実験による検討−
    長井拓馬, USHIMARU ATUSHI, 内田圭, 日置千絵
    第62回日本生態学会大会, Mar. 2015, Japanese, 鹿児島大, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • 風媒の雌雄異株植物における開花スケジュールの性的二型性
    松久聖子, USHIMARU ATUSHI
    第62回日本生態学会大会, Mar. 2015, Japanese, 鹿児島大, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • 農地管理の違いによる送粉ネットワーク構造の変化
    日下石碧, USHIMARU ATUSHI
    第62回日本生態学会大会, Mar. 2015, Japanese, 鹿児島大, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • 同所的に存在するツユクサとケツユクサにおける繁殖干渉の可能性
    勝原光希, USHIMARU ATUSHI
    第62回日本生態学会大会, Mar. 2015, Japanese, 鹿児島大, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • 島嶼において送粉者は小型化するのか？ー本州と伊豆諸島の比較ー
    平岩将良, USHIMARU ATUSHI
    第62回日本生態学会大会, Mar. 2015, Japanese, 鹿児島大, Domestic conference
    Oral presentation

  • 都市水田畦畔における開花高の高い植物の消失
    畑田真紀子, 内田圭, 藤本泰樹, 平岩将良, USHIMARU ATUSHI
    第62回日本生態学会大会, Mar. 2015, Japanese, 鹿児島大, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • 都市化による植物および植食性昆虫多様性の減少 －種組成は均質化しているのか－
    内田圭, 藤本泰樹, USHIMARU ATUSHI
    第62回日本生態学会大会, Mar. 2015, Japanese, 鹿児島大, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • 都市における花形質の多様化
    丑丸 敦史, 小林敦美, 堂囿いくみ
    第62回日本生態学会大会, Mar. 2015, Japanese, 鹿児島, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • 草原面積の縮小が草原性絶滅危惧蝶類の遺伝的多様性に与える影響-標本を用いた過去と現在の比較解析-
    中濱直之, 内田圭, USHIMARU ATUSHI, 井鷺裕司
    第62回日本生態学会大会, Mar. 2015, Japanese, 鹿児島大, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • 阪神地区における都市水田の生物多様性ー都市化の影響とその保全ー
    藤本泰樹, 内田圭, USHIMARU ATUSHI
    第62回日本生態学会大会, Mar. 2015, Japanese, 鹿児島大, Domestic conference
    [Invited]
    Invited oral presentation

  • 環境DNA分析を用いた希少在来種と近縁外来種の流域スケール調査：京都府桂川のオオサンショウウオを例に
    FUKUMOTO Sou, USHIMARU Atushi, MINAMOTO Toshifumi
    日本生態学会第62回全国大会, Mar. 2015, Japanese, 鹿児島県鹿児島市, Domestic conference
    Oral presentation

  • 環境DNAとマルチプレックスPCRを用いた複数魚種の同時検出
    FUKUOKA Arisa, USHIMARU Atushi, MINAMOTO Toshifumi
    日本生態学会第62回全国大会, Mar. 2015, Japanese, 鹿児島県鹿児島市, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • トノサマガエルの減少メカニズムの解明～土地利用形態による餌資源変化の検討～
    青木香澄, USHIMARU ATUSHI
    第62回日本生態学会大会, Mar. 2015, Japanese, 鹿児島大, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • A basin-scale application of environmental DNA assessment for rare endemic and exotic giant salamander species in Japan
    MINAMOTO Toshifumi, FUKUMOTO Sou, USHIMARU Atushi
    Joint 2014 Annual Meeting British Ecological Society and Société Française d’Ecologie, Dec. 2014, English, Lille, France, International conference
    Poster presentation

  • 立山高山帯における訪花昆虫体表付着花粉と柱頭付着花粉の関係
    日下石 碧, 新庄 康平, 久保田 将裕, 居村 尚, 石井 博, USHIMARU ATUSHI
    第61回日本生態学会大会, Mar. 2014, Japanese, 広島, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • 半自然草原における生物多様性の減少メカニズム－多群集での検証
    USHIMARU ATUSHI, 内田 圭
    第61回日本生態学会大会, Mar. 2014, Japanese, 広島, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • 送粉者相の異なる島嶼間の送粉ネットワークの比較
    平岩 将良, USHIMARU ATUSHI
    第61回日本生態学会大会, Mar. 2014, Japanese, 広島, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • Large-scale environmental DNA assessment for Japanese and Chinese giant salamanders in Katsura River, Japan
    FUKUMOTO Sou, USHIMARU Atushi, MINAMOTO Toshifumi
    Frontiers in Amphibian Biology: Endangered Species Conservation and Genome Editing, Mar. 2014, English, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Japan, International conference
    Poster presentation

  • 環境DNAを用いた在来および外来オオサンショウウオの検出
    FUKUMOTO So, USHIMARU Atushi, MINAMOTO Toshifumi
    日本陸水学会第78回大会, Sep. 2013, Japanese, 滋賀県大津市, Domestic conference
    Oral presentation

  • Spatial and temporal beta-diversity of herbivorous insects declines due to land-use changes in agricultural semi-natural grasslands in Japan.
    Uchida K, Ushimaru A
    INTECOL, Aug. 2013, English, London, International conference
    Poster presentation

  • Does Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis explain mechanisms of biodiversity decline in agricultural lands? Perennial plants play key roles in maintaining herbivorous insect diversity.
    K Uchida, A Ushimaru
    The 97th Annual Meeting of Ecological Society of America, 7 Auguest 2012, Portland., Aug. 2012, English, International conference
    Poster presentation

  • The relationship between the Pollen/Ovule ratio and functional group diversity of pollinators in flowering plants.
    A Nikkeshi, A Ushimaru
    The 59th Annual Meeting of Ecological Society of Japan & The 5th EAFES international Congress, 18 March 2012, Mar. 2012, English, Otsu, Ryokoku University., International conference
    Poster presentation

  • Mechanism of decrease in herbivorous insects diversity in semi-natural grassland - Effects of changes in plant community –.
    K Uchida, A Ushimaru
    The 59th Annual Meeting of Ecological Society of Japan & The 5th EAFES international Congress, 18 March 2012, Mar. 2012, English, Otsu, Ryokoku University., International conference
    Poster presentation

  • Effects of urbanization on genetic structures in two paddy-associated frog species with different dispersal habits.
    K Michimoto, Y Takami, H Tanaka, A Ushimaru
    The 59th Annual Meeting of Ecological Society of Japan & The 5th EAFES international Congress, 18 March 2012, Mar. 2012, English, Otsu, Ryokoku University., International conference
    Poster presentation

  • Decrease in plant diversity due to changes in management measures and land abandonment in meadows.
    Y Nagata, A Ushimaru
    The 59th Annual Meeting of Ecological Society of Japan & The 5th EAFES international Congress, 18 March 2012, Mar. 2012, English, Otsu, Ryokoku University., International conference
    Poster presentation

  • 絶滅危惧種ハリママムシグサの保全遺伝学
    深田 ちひろ, 兼子 伸吾, 横川 昌史, 井鷺 裕司, 小林 禧樹, 丑丸 敦史
    第59回日本生態学会大会, 2012, Japanese, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • 里草地草本の宝庫“棚田”の魅力 〜宝塚市におけるワレモコウの生育分布から〜
    出口 詩乃, 丑丸 敦史, 三橋 弘宗, 大澤 剛士
    第55回 日本生態学会福岡大会, Mar. 2008, Japanese, 福岡国際会議場, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • 里草地における多様性ホットスポットー稀少植物はどこにいるのか？ー
    丑丸 敦史, 植松 裕太, 古賀 達郎, 大澤 剛士, 出口 詩乃, 三橋 弘宗
    第55回 日本生態学会福岡大会, Mar. 2008, Japanese, 福岡国際会議場, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • 草原性植物はため池が支えている？ 〜Vincetoxicum属2種の生育分布から〜
    植松 裕太, 丑丸 敦史, 三橋 弘宗, 大澤 剛士
    第55回 日本生態学会福岡大会, Mar. 2008, Japanese, 福岡国際会議場, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • 深泥池における訪花昆虫群集の変遷
    鈴木 健司, 丑丸 敦史, 竹門 康弘
    第55回 日本生態学会福岡大会, Mar. 2008, Japanese, 福岡国際会議場, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • ネジバナはなぜ捩れているか−花序構造と他家受粉促進戦略−
    岩田 達則, 長崎 摂, 石井 博, 丑丸 敦史
    第55回 日本生態学会福岡大会, Mar. 2008, Japanese, 福岡国際会議場, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • アザミ２種が明かす、里草地管理の重要性
    古賀 達朗, 大沢 剛士, 三橋 弘宗, 丑丸 敦史
    第55回 日本生態学会福岡大会, Mar. 2008, Japanese, 福岡国際会議場, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

  • 1+1>2?河川の合流点で種多様性が増加する
    大澤 剛士, 三橋 弘宗, 丑丸 敦史
    第55回 日本生態学会福岡大会, Mar. 2008, Japanese, 福岡国際会議場, Domestic conference
    Poster presentation

■ Affiliated Academic Society
  • Kansai Organization for Nature Conservation
    2009 - Present
    IRI

  • Botanical Society of America
    2005 - Present

  • Ecological Society of Japan
    1993 - Present
    IRI

■ Research Themes
  • Evaluation of conservation value of semi-natural grasslands based on plant diversity and endemism: a comparison with natural grasslands
    丑丸 敦史, 倉田 正観, 中濱 直之
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Kobe University, 01 Apr. 2024 - 31 Mar. 2028

  • Disparities and effects of acknowledgement of ecosystem services in daily life: developing a method for improving urban regional environment and health
    内山 愉太, 喜屋武 享, 高倉 実, 佐藤 真行, 丑丸 敦史, 原田 和弘, 香坂 玲
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Kobe University, 01 Apr. 2023 - 31 Mar. 2027

  • Valuation and conservation of urban ecosystem services under changing population structure
    佐藤 真行, 丑丸 敦史, 源 利文, 内山 愉太
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Kobe University, 01 Apr. 2022 - 31 Mar. 2026

  • Multi-site comparsion in communities and functions of pollinator insects toward conservation of wetland ecosystems
    保坂 哲朗, 丑丸 敦史
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Hiroshima University, 01 Apr. 2020 - 31 Mar. 2023
    本申請課題では、島根県・広島県に点在する湿地群に生育する多様な植物種を対象に、その送粉昆虫群集の網羅的な解明および周辺環境の違いによる送粉昆虫群集や送粉成功度の違いを明らかにすることを目的とするものである。2021年度は、広島県北広島町の八幡湿原に点在する大小約30の湿地群を対象として、開花植物の種同定と開花量、および各植物の訪花昆虫のサンプリングを行った。調査は春・夏・秋の3回行い、全部で1000個体以上の訪花昆虫（主に双翅目と膜翅目）を捕獲した。また、送粉成功度の指標の一つとして柱頭付着花粉数を計測するため、一部の植物種について開花後の柱頭を採集した。今後、湿地のサイズ（ドローンで計測）や湿地内の環境（開空度、開花量）、周辺環境（自然林、人工林、水田など）と訪花昆虫の群集構造との関係や、訪花昆虫の群集構造と送粉成功度との関係について、解析を行う予定である。 また、昨年度島根県赤名湿地においてインターバル撮影カメラを用いて湿地性植物38種の訪花昆虫調査を行った。今年度はこの調査により得られた約6.5万枚の写真を分析し、同じ植物を捕獲調査により調査した場合と比較して、調査方法としての有効性を検証した。その結果、インターバル撮影カメラを使った調査でも各植物の送粉昆虫群集は捕獲調査の結果とほぼ変わらず、植物―送粉昆虫のネットワークを群集レベルで把握する際にインターバル撮影カメラは有用なツールであることが分かった。 これらの成果は第69回日本生態学会などで発表した。また、現在投稿論文を準備中である。

  • Adaptive significance of morphologically complex flowers in natural grassland communities
    丑丸 敦史, 石井 博, 岡本 朋子
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Kobe University, Apr. 2019 - Mar. 2023, Principal investigator
    今年度は、再現可能な測定方法による客観性の高い花の複雑性指標の開発を目指して、花の撮影画像を用いた花および花被片の形質測定を行なった。調査は菅平高原ダボススキー場において生育する90種を超える被子植物の花を対象として、正面および側面2方向（直交する3軸方向）から、花とともにスケールを入れた写真をデジタルカメラを用いて撮影した。さらに、撮影に用いた花から送粉者の誘引に関連する花被片を分離し、平面状に展開し、スケールとともにデジタルスキャナで読み、デジタル画像とした。これらの画像を解析ソフトimageJを用いて解析し、各軸方向から見える花の縦横長や面積、全ての花被片の平面面積を算出した。ここで算出した計測値を組み合わせて、複数の花形態に関する指標作成を行なった。また、作成した指標と送粉者相との関係も解析し、指標の有効性を抽出する作業を行なった。その結果、花の立体性指標（正面と側面の比）や花被片の複雑性指標（花として見えている面積と花被片の平面面積の比）は送粉者相（マルハナバチ優占か、ハエ目優占か）を説明できた。一方で、定性的な左右相称性区分（左右相称花/放射相称花）も送粉者相と関係がみられたが、画像データを使った左右相称性指標（正面写真における縦長と横長の比等）は送粉者相との関係が見られなかった。以上のように、今回は花被片の画像データを元にした指標作りを行なったが、一定の成果がみられた。 また三浦半島黒崎の鼻における海岸草原で、年５回、群集の開花種および送粉者の調査を行なった。また同時に虫媒種の花色の調査も行った。データは現在まとめているところである。

  • Adaptive significance and mechanism of environment-dependent sex determination in flowers
    宮崎 祐子, 丑丸 敦史, 井上 智美
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Okayama University, Apr. 2019 - Mar. 2022, Coinvestigator
    本研究では、雄性両全性同株ケツユクサ（Commelina communis f. ciliata: ツユクサの一品種）を材料に、日長、土壌栄養環境、B1（花序の中で最初に咲く花）両性花の結実の有無がB2花（花序の中で2番目に咲く花）の性表現型に影響するメカニズムを総合的に明らかにすることを目的とした。 本年度は「生育環境の日長が異なる地域個体群（エコタイプ）は、B1両性花の結実後であってもB2花に両性花が誘導されるのに必要な暗期の長さが異なるよう適応しているか」「気温上昇によって秋の生育期が延長された場合、短日条件が花の両性化をもたらすことによって種子生産量が増加する可能性があるか 」という問いに答えるため、岩手県盛岡市、長野県上田市、兵庫県神戸市、愛媛県松山市より植物体および種子の採取を行った。採取した植物は岡山大学内施設および国立環境研究所内施設にて育成後に種子を採取し、保存した。保存した種子は低温湿層処理を行ったのちに25度で発芽・育成させ、以下の実験に用いた。 採取した系統を用いて、日長条件を変えて育成し、花成およびB2花に両性花が誘導される際の連続した暗期の長さについて、人工気象器を用いてエコタイプ毎に評価した。実験は現在継続中である。また、ケツユクサにはエコタイプ毎に染色体数が異なることが報告されているため、染色体数の確認を行った。その結果、兵庫県神戸市より採取した個体と長野県上田市より採取した個体は同様に2n=46であった。

  • 伊豆諸島における長口吻送粉者の不在が植物の繁殖に与える影響
    丑丸敦史, 平岩将良
    公財）市村清新技術開発財団, 植物研究助成金, Mar. 2017 - Apr. 2020, Principal investigator

  • MIYAZAKI Yuko
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Okayama University, 01 Apr. 2016 - 31 Mar. 2020
    It has been suggested that internal resources are involved in the mechanism of plastic sexual expression determination of individual flowers in plants, but the details are unknown. In this study, we tested whether locally occurring resource limitations within individuals could explain the sex determination of individual flowers. Using Commelina communis f. ciliata, which has hermaphroditic and male flowers in a single plant, we examined the existence of fruiting of first flower (B1) in the inflorescence, and sex expression and resources of next blooming flower (B2). We also performed a comparative transcriptome analysis of male and female flowers. As a result, the decrease of resources in the inflorescence was not remarkable, and the nitrogen and phosphorus concentration in the bud of B2 did not differ by the existence of B1 fruiting. These results suggest that the resource limitation in the inflorescence is not a factor that directly controls the sex of B2.

  • KENTA Tanaka
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), University of Tsukuba, Apr. 2017 - Mar. 2020
    We studied (1) plants, (2) butterflies, (3)coleopteran, (4)soil in three different vegetation types, (i) old grasslands generated > 70 years ago, (ii) newer grasslands and (iii) forests, in and near ski runs in Sugadaira, Kirigamine and Hakuba in the central Japan. We found (1) plant species richness was higher in old grasslands and plant communities in new grasslands has similarities to that of forests, (2) large old grasslands had specific butterfly communities, (3) many of formerly-believed forest coleopterans were distributed in grasslands, and (4) in the change process from grasslands to any of Pinus, Betura or Larix forests, blackness of andsol decreased only 10 - 40 years since forestation began.

  • Ushimaru Atushi, YAMAMOTO Satoshi
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Kobe University, Apr. 2016 - Mar. 2019, Principal investigator
    The study examined the impacts of urbanization on semi-natural grassland plant and herbivore diversity and interactions within paddy ecosystems around a megacity area, the Osaka-Kobe metropolitan area, one of the Monsoon Asian megacities. We found that both plant and herbivore diversity decreased by habitat loss, fragmentation, split and degradation owing to urbanization in this area. Changes in soil pH facilitated the establishment of native and exotic annual plants in urbanized semi-natural grasslands. Habitat fragmentation, split, and degradation have decreased perennial species richness, leading to loss of some butterflies and orthopterans. Plant-pollinator networks of more urbanized grasslands had lower plant and pollinator richness and were more generalized than those of rural grasslands. Thus, urbanization has decreased biodiversity and the ecosystem functions in very species-rich paddy ecosystems in the Monsoon Asian region.
    Competitive research funding

  • Ecological function of dipteran pollinators in plant community: from the perspective of pollinators behavior and pollen flow.
    Ishii Hiroshi, KUDO Gaku, USHIMARU Atsushi
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), University of Toyama, 01 Apr. 2015 - 31 Mar. 2018
    To investigate the ecological significance of dipteran pollinators at a community scale, we compared plant-pollinator communities where the proportion of dipteran pollinators differs. In general, diversity of flower colors, as well as the diversity of flower morphology, appeared to decrease as the rate of dipteran pollinators in pollinator community increase. Differences in the composition of flower color and morphology between communities are due to differences in the pollinator fauna in these communities. We also found that color preference of dipterans differed between species. Our survey further revealed that rate of conspecific pollen grains to the total pollen grains on the stigma of the dipteran pollinated plants was large as much as those of the hymenopteran pollinated plants. Our results suggest that dipteran pollinators play a significant role in maintenance of plant community.

  • Sato Masayuki, TAKAMI Yasuoki, MINAMOT Toshifumi, ITO Masayuki
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research, Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research, Kobe University, 01 Apr. 2015 - 31 Mar. 2018
    This research investigated ecosystem valuation around Mt. Rokko, which is located near Kobe, a major city in Japan. Special attention was paid to how differences in lifestyle and experiences of valuators influence willingness to pay. It was found that certain experiences had a significant effect on valuation of ecosystem services. From psychological analysis, it was also found that psychological measure offered the different results from welfare measure. These findings suggest the importance of considering the diversity of valuators, and it also warns the extinction of experience with nature under on going urbanization for urban ecosystem conservation. This research concludes that measurement approach, recognition process, urbanization and lifestyle change are important in ecosystem service valuation.
    Competitive research funding

  • A network analysis of plant-pollinator interactions in alpine ecosystems in japan.
    ISHII Hiroshi, KUDO Gaku, USHIMARU Atsushi
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B), University of Toyama, 28 Apr. 2011 - 31 Mar. 2015
    We analyzed the pollination network structure of alpine ecosystem in Tateyama Mountains, central Japan. The pollination community was significantly nested and modular. However, significant nestedness resulted mainly from the bias of species abundance. In the modular matrix model, on the other hand, there existed many links outside the modules. We then categorized plants and flower visitors into several groups in accord with quantitative data of the flower visitation pattern, assumed the groups as units, and constructed model in which a single pollination group may use one to a few plant groups. In the new model, number of exceptional links was small, which implies that the model could adequately mentioned the structure of pollination network.

  • USHIMARU Atushi
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Kobe University, 28 Apr. 2011 - 31 Mar. 2015, Principal investigator
    Declines in plants and herbivorous insects due to land-use abandonment and intensification, have been studied in agricultural areas worldwide. We compared plant richness and butterfly and orthopteran richness and diversity among three land-use types in semi-natural grasslands: abandoned, traditional and intensified terraces. Plant and herbivore richness and diversity were significantly lower in abandoned and intensified grasslands than in traditional grasslands. Changes in the mowing frequency explained plant richness decline as a consequence of land abandonment and intensification. The results suggest that a mowing frequency of 2-3 times per year enhance herbivore richness directly, as well as indirectly by enhancing plant diversity.
    Competitive research funding

  • USHIMARU Atsushi
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B), Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B), Kobe University, 2008 - 2010, Principal investigator
    Distribution of more than 50 endangered species in semi-natural grasslands around paddy fields (ca. 1300ha) was investigated in order to find local biodiversity hotspots around agricultural landscapes. Our research group found that the upper areas of paddy terraces were local hotspots in which many endangered species coexisted together. Higher, steeper fields farther from roads in the upper areas of paddy terraces were more frequently abandoned in our study area. We also compared distribution pattern between three endangered and one common species and found endangered species had significantly more overlap with the distribution of fields at risk of abandonment than did the common species. In addition, the endangered species were significantly less widely distributed in consolidated fields.
    Competitive research funding

  • 花方位・花角度による送粉者の行動制御メカニズム
    丑丸 敦史
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B), Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B), Kobe University, 2005 - 2007
    これまでの斜面地における適応的な花方位の研究の発展として、平地環境において花序を持つ植物が個々の花をどのように向ける事が適応的研究を行った。具体的には花を一方方向のみに向けた人工花序とそれぞれの花が60°ずつずれた方向に向れ360°へ向けた人工花序とで、訪花者(クロマルハナバチ)の訪花行動への影響を調べた。また実際に、螺旋状花序(捩れ方に個体へにが存在する)をつけるネジバナを対象に、花序の花の配置がどのように送粉成功へ影響を与えているのか調査を行った。結果、平地環境では一方向花序では、その方向に対するアトラクション効果が高くなるが、多方向へのアトラクションが減少するため、多方向花序にくらべ訪花頻度が減少することが明らかになった。ネジナバを用いた野外調査からは、やはり花を一方向へ向けた花序では、花粉の持ち出しが減少した。また、花間の角度が大きくなりすぎた花序でも花粉の持ち出しが減少している事を発見した。ここから花を様々な角度に向けると花が複数まとまることによるディスプレイサイズ増加の効果を打ち消してしまう事も明らかになった。 以上の研究結果は、花序における個々の花の配置は、アトラクションの影響する範囲やディスプレイサイズ、その結果、繁殖成功に大きく影響をあたえる形質である事が明らかになった。このことは、これまでの花序によるアトラクション効果の研究に新しい視点を加える事のできる結果である。

  • 水田生態系における人為的水管理による植物・送粉者の多様性創出メカニズムの解明とその保全方策
    丑丸敦史
    笹川科学研究助成金, Apr. 2005 - Mar. 2006, Principal investigator

  • 植物、送粉者群集の多様性の研究
    丑丸 敦史
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows, Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows, Kyoto University, 2000 - 2001

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