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Search DetailsISHIGURO KazuhikoGraduate School of Maritime Sciences / Department of Maritime SciencesAssociate Professor
Researcher basic information
■ Research Keyword■ Research Areas
- Social infrastructure (civil Engineering, architecture, disaster prevention) / Civil engineering (planning and transportation)
- Oct. 2024 - Present, 交通政策審議会 臨時委員(港湾分科会)
- Jun. 2023 - Present, 兵庫県環境審議会 委員
- Oct. 2022 - Present, 近畿地方交通審議会 臨時委員(神戸船員部会)
- Mar. 2021 - Present, 兵庫県都市計画審議会 専門委員
- Nov. 2019 - Present, 芦屋市総合計画審議会 委員
- Oct. 2019 - Present, 大阪地方労働審議会 委員
- Apr. 2018 - Present, 神戸港港湾審議会 委員
- Nov. 2015 - Present, 大阪地方労働審議会 港湾労働部会 委員
- Jan. 2012 - Present, 兵庫県港湾審議会 委員
- Jun. 2014 - May 2024, 芦屋市都市計画審議会 委員
Research activity information
■ Award- Oct. 2022 日本海運経済学会, 国際交流賞, 内航海運における船員不足とその経済的影響の推計
- Sep. 2022 International Association of Maritime Economists (IAME), The Best Paper Award in relation with the International Journal of Shipping and Transport Logistics, Impact of Northern Sea Route Expansion on Container Cargo Transportation and Trade between East Asia and Europe
- Oct. 2016 日本海運経済学会, 学会賞(論文の部), 船社の寄港地を考慮した港湾被災後における輸送経路別貨物量の推計
- Oct. 2010 日本海運経済学会, 国際交流賞, ターミナルオペレータと船社の相互依存関係
- Elsevier BV, Apr. 2025, Journal of Air Transport Management, 124, 102737, English[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Aug. 2024, Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Transportation Logistics, EnglishComparison of CO2 emissions on economically or environmentally superior container ship routes in Japan[Refereed]International conference proceedings
- Corresponding, Aug. 2024, Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Transportation Logistics, EnglishThe significance of national transport level in economic performance under catastrophe - case of COVID-19 as an example[Refereed]International conference proceedings
- Corresponding, Jun. 2024, Journal of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, 15, 3362 - 3378, EnglishEvaluation of Tranquility Improvement on Liner Ferry Service -Case Study on the Amami Islands in Japan-[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Corresponding, Jun. 2024, Journal of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, 15, 1330 - 1449, EnglishFeasibility Analysis of International Sea-Air Transport on the Export Cargo from East Asia to North America[Refereed]Scientific journal
- The Japanese government has set an overseas infrastructure deployment policy to involve Japanese companies in all upstream to downstream processes, that is, from project formation, procurement, and construction to operation and maintenance. Although Japanese companies have been hitherto involved in overseas port development through Official Development Assistance, their entry into overseas port operation projects has been limited, meaning the realization of the policy is not expected to be easy. This study thus examines the possibility of sustainable entry into overseas port operation markets by Japanese companies. Specifically, we review port governance in Japan, characteristics of the Japanese market in the global market, and the status of the participation of domestic terminal operators in Japan and overseas, and then identify the possibilities and methods of sustainable inclusion in the future overseas port operations by interviewing representative companies and the government. We finally provide future directions in terms of both increasing entry opportunities and improving the entry environment.MDPI AG, Sep. 2022, Sustainability, 14(19) (19), 12167 - 12167, English[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Corresponding, Sep. 2022, Proceedings of the Conference Busan 2022, IAME, 1956 - 1980, EnglishImpact of Northern Sea Route Expansion on Container Cargo Transportation and Trade between East Asia and Europe[Refereed]International conference proceedings
- Corresponding, Nov. 2021, Proceedings of the Conference Rotterdam 2021, IAME, EnglishEstimation of container cargo flow between China and Europe considering the impact of Northern Sea Route expansion[Refereed]International conference proceedings
- Nov. 2021, Proceedings of the Conference Rotterdam 2021, IAME, EnglishSeafarer Shortage Problem in Coastal Shipping Industry and its Economic Impact in Japan[Refereed]International conference proceedings
- Oct. 2021, Journal of Logistics and Shipping Economics, 55, 51 - 60, JapaneseSeafarer Shortage in Coastal Shipping and Its Economic Impact in Japan[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Corresponding, Sep. 2019, Asian Transport Studies, 5(4) (4), 584 - 599, EnglishMeasuring the Efficiency of Automated Container Terminals in China and Korea[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Lead, Jun. 2019, Proceedings of the Conference Athens 2019, IAME, EnglishEfficiency Evaluation of Automated Container Terminals in East Asia[Refereed]International conference proceedings
- Corresponding, Sep. 2018, Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Transportation Logistics, EnglishMeasuring the Efficiency of Automated Container Terminals in Japan and China[Refereed]International conference proceedings
- Corresponding, Sep. 2018, Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Transportation Logistics, EnglishEstimation of Seafarer Shortage in Coastal Shipping and its Economic Impact in Japan[Refereed]International conference proceedings
- International Association of Maritime Economists, Jun. 2017, Proceedings of the Conference Kyoto 2017, IAME, EnglishSpatial Computable General Equilibrium Model for Estimating Impact of Maritime Transportation Market Change[Refereed]International conference proceedings
- 2017, 日本航海学会論文集, 136, 135 - 143, Japanese内航海運の船舶管理における法的側面の課題[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Sep. 2016, Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Transportation Logistics, EnglishThe economic impact of transportation infrastructure improvement on seaborne trade in East Asia[Refereed]International conference proceedings
- Japan Society of Logistics and Shipping Economics, 2015, Journal of Logistics and Shipping Economics, 49(49) (49), 11 - 20, JapaneseEfficiency analysis of LNG transportation via Northern Sea Route[Refereed]Scientific journal
- International Association of Maritime Economists, 2015, Proceedings of the Conference Kuala Lumpur 2015, IAME, EnglishContainer Vessel Schedule and Japanese Shippers’ Port Choice Behavior[Refereed]International conference proceedings
- International Association of Maritime Economists, 2015, Proceedings of the Conference Kuala Lumpur 2015, IAME, EnglishContainer traffic constraints at Algiers ports[Refereed]International conference proceedings
- Mar. 2014, 内航海運研究, 3, 31 - 40, Japaneseリバース・ロジスティクス効率化効果推計モデル[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Container cargo transaction volume has rapidly been increasing not only in a major ports but also in a local port in Japan. Most liner services which calls at a local port in Japan are the South Korea route, the China route, and the South East Asia route. They are also used for connecting service to the trunk routes such as North America route and Europe route. Transshipment using a local port and neighboring Asian ports has been increasing every year. However the shipper in rural area still uses major ports rather than a local port. This paper discusses factors of shipper's port choice in Tohoku, Chugoku and Shikoku region by using an logit model considering "average waiting time at port" and four type of "seaborne transportation time." Average waiting time at port cannot be clarified only use a frequency of transportation services but the calling schedule at each port. It is also discussed the impact of several policy scenario of local port by applying the model. Results show that, a shippers care the average transit time in export and the longest transit time in import. It turned out that shippers consider transshipment time in case of export and it doesn't consider transshipment time in case of import. Shippers considers a sum of average waiting time at port and seaborne transportation time as a total transit time. By scenario analysis, it turned out that the demand of local port increases by constructing the vessel calling schedule in consideration of a day of the week.土木学会, 2014, 土木学会論文集D3, 70(5) (5), 789 - 799, Japanese[Refereed]Scientific journal
- 日本海運経済学会, 2014, 海運経済研究, 48(48) (48), 63 - 72, Japanese船社の寄港地を考慮した港湾被災後における輸送経路別貨物量の推計[Refereed]Scientific journal
- International Association of Maritime Economists, 2014, Proceedings of the Conference Norfolk 2014, IAME, EnglishContainer Cargo Transportation Model including Multi-Layer Transportation Network and Economy of Scale[Refereed]International conference proceedings
- 2013, 内航海運研究, 2, 43 - 54, Japaneseカボタージュ規制緩和が地域経済および内航需要量に与える影響[Refereed]Scientific journal
- 2013, Proceedings of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, 9, EnglishAsian Container Cargo Transportation Model including Multi-Layer Transportation Network and Economy of Scale[Refereed]International conference proceedings
- 2012, 内航海運研究, 1, 11 - 19, Japanese多地域応用一般均衡モデルを用いた船員問題の分析[Refereed]Scientific journal
- 2010, eProceedings of The 3rd International Conference on Transportation Logistics, EnglishThe Impact of Increase in Containership Size on the Asia-Europe-North America Trade[Refereed]International conference proceedings
- 2010, eProceedings of The 3rd International Conference on Transportation Logistics, EnglishEffects of Transport Infrastructure Improvement on the International and Domestic Freight Flow in Japan[Refereed]International conference proceedings
- Nov. 2009, Infrastructure Planning Review, 26(4) (4), 753 - 762, JapaneseA Location Model of Interregional Freight Complexes with Multi-Layer Transportation Network and Scale Economy[Refereed]Scientific journal
- 日本海運経済学会, Oct. 2009, Journal of Logistics and Shipping Economics, No.43,pp.69-78(43) (43), 69 - 77, JapaneseAnalysis on Interdependence between Terminal Operator and Ocean Carrier[Refereed]Scientific journal
- 2006, Journal of Logistics and Shipping Economics, No.40, pp.87-96, JapaneseMulti-regional Spatial Computable General Equilibrium Model Considering Substitutability between Maritime Transport and Air Transport and Its Application[Refereed]Scientific journal
- 2006, Proceedings of the IAME Conference Melbourne 2006, CD-ROM, EnglishThe Impact of Increase in Containership Size on the Inter-regional and Intra-regional Trade[Refereed]Scientific journal
- 2006, Proceedings of the IAME Conference Melbourne 2006, CD-ROM, EnglishAnalysis of Recent Transition in Port Choice of Post-Panamax Containerships in Asia[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Transportation-related costs both at ports and for inland transportation are very high, which is essentially caused by the high cost of labor and construction of infrastructure. This condition, however, is also caused by protectionist policies in the domestic transportation field. This chapter discusses and identifies barriers in the operation and management of maritime and multimodal transportation. The effect of the removal of barriers is calculated by applying a Spatial Computable General Equilibrium (SCGE) model that includes behavior of the transportation sector. The results of case studies show that a 10% reduction of import or export costs produces a 10% increase in total trade.JAI-ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2005, Global Competition in Transportation Markets: Analysis and Policy Making, 13, 337 - 368, English[Refereed]International conference proceedings
- Japan Institute of Navigation, 2004, NAVIGATION, 159, 16 - 21, Japanese
- This paper discusses development of multi-regional computable general equilibriummodel which explicitly include ocean carrier sector and its application. The model expresses production structure of ocean carrier sector and relationship between supply and demand volumes of interregional transportation. In the case study, effect of environmental changes and maritime policies, that is, formation of global alliances of ocean carriers, employment of mega-containership, opening market of coastal transportation in Japan and deregulation of crew nationality are quantitatively estimated. Compared with conventional iceberg type model, there is no remarkable difference between the results because classification of industry/commodity is quite rough.Japan Society of Civil Engineers, 2004, Infrastructure Planning Review, Vol.21,No.3,pp.745-750, 745 - 750, Japanese[Refereed]Scientific journal
- 2004, Infrastructure Planning Review, Vol.21,No.3,pp.751-758(3) (3), JapaneseMega-Container Ship Operation based on the Carriers Calling Pattern of Large-Scale Seaport[Refereed]Scientific journal
- 2003, Journal of the Eastern Asia Society For Transportation Studies, Vol.2273-2742, EnglishDvelopment of Multi-regional Computable General Equilibrium Model Taking Account of Ocean Carriers' Behavior and Scale Economy[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Since SCM isn't developed in construction industry, the bullwhip effect that is caused by decentralized demand information and lead time brings about overstock of materials in the supply chain. In order to evaluate quantitative effect of inventory reduction by SCM in construction industry, this paper constructs an inventory control model by combining the inventory policy with the theory of bullwhip effect in a supply chain under the leadership of general construction. The simulation analysis shows that SCM system achieves the reduction of inventory over 30% less than the system without SCM.Japan Society of Civil Engineers, 2001, Infrastructure Planning Review, Vol.18,No.3,pp.395-402, 395 - 402, Japanese[Refereed]Scientific journal
- 2001, Journal of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, Vol.4, No.5, pp.151-166, EnglishIdentification of Relationship between Embodied By-product Requirements and Domestic Production Technology in Japan: 1985-1995[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Spatial computable general equilibrium (SCGE) theory has been applied to an international trade model to evaluate tariff and fiscal policies of a country. Those models can not be applied for the evaluation of transport policies such as port development and tax/subsidy piolicy against transportation sectors since they do not deal with ocean freight and ocean carriers explicitly in the model. Ocean freight oftern varies with the changes of compoetitive conditions and/or demand/supply balances in the short run, while it should reflect the actual expenditure of the carriers in the long run. The model proposed here considers the profit maximization behavior of ocean carriers, and deals with ocean freight explicitly. The model is applied to four major economic regions Japan, USA, EU and Asia. A multi-level function composed of the Cobb-Douglas function is adopted to produce reliable parameters of the production function for many industries.2001, Maritime Policy and Management, 28(3) (3), 251 - 264, English[Refereed]Scientific journal
- 2001, Journal of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, Vol.4, No.1, pp.329-338, EnglishDevelopment of International Trade Model Taking Account of Ocean Carriers Behavior[Refereed]Scientific journal
- It is often observed that local shippers tend to choose large-scale ports for international trade, rather than local ports. The aim of this study is to investigate principles of port choice behavior among shippers handled with international container, in the form of significant factors. A number of interviews with shippers were conducted and classified according to three characteristics:(1) port condition, (2) type of freight cargo, and (3) shippers' trade incentive. Also, through statistical data and comparison analysis by logit model, the study proved that behavioral incentive was treated differently by shippers depending on their trading types of physical distribution; direct between makers and oversea buyers, or through middle agents such as domestic trading companies.Japan Society of Civil Engineers, 2000, Infrastructure Planning Review, Vol.17,pp.835-840, 835 - 840, Japanese[Refereed]Scientific journal
- This paper developed a location model of interregional freight complexes with the Scale Economy. The model is formulated as minimization of total cargo transportation related cost, and marginal cost of scale of freight complexes facility and handled cargo volume are decreased. It is applied to current distribution of cargo on real road network in the East Japan. The conventional assignment procedure was employed. As a result, reliable solutions are obtained in a practical time. Located freight complexes are classified into three types: 1) independent, 2) dependent on around and 3) stand-alone. Total transportation cost is reduced steeply if the facilities are developed appropriately.Japan Society of Civil Engineers, 2000, Infrastructure Planning Review, Vol.17,pp.693-700, 693 - 700, Japanese[Refereed]Scientific journal
- 1999, Infrastructure Planning Review, Vol.16, pp.627-636, 627 - 636, EnglishContainer Port Location Strategy Based on Domestic Port Choice Modeling and Optimal Liner Routing Approach[Refereed]Scientific journal
- An application of input-output frame together with commodity price table is one of the most powerful methods for estimating inter-industry freight flow. How to get/estimate a commodity price set is the major concern of the method. This paper estimates commodity price using the freight census data and modified rectangular inputoutput table including wholesale activities. Although each estimated commodity price by this study is impossible to be verified because of lack of real data, however it is confirmed that the aggregated prices by commodity sector were proved to be quite adequate comparing with price data sets from different two sources.Japan Society of Civil Engineers, 1998, Infrastructure Planning Review, Vol.15,pp.565-572, 565 - 572, Japanese[Refereed]Scientific journal
- Wholesale industries have been playing a center role in physical distribution. It is necessary to make deep insight of their behavior to solve a traffic problems in urban area. This paper discusses the historical trend of the wholesale industries and degree of agglomeration of them comparing with production and population by region. It was found that wholesale industry has been shifting their location to demand cities, places of monetary transaction and those of physical distribution have been separating, physical distribution by retail salers is increasing. In addition, multi-levels structure of interregional transaction among wholesalers has analyzed.Japan Society of Civil Engineers, 1998, Proceedings of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, No.583/Ⅳ-38,pp.13-22, 13 - 22, Japanese[Refereed]Scientific journal
- 1997, Journal of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, Vol.2, No.6, pp.1779-1790, EnglishSpatial Distribution of Wholesale Industries in the View Point of Physical Distribution and Monetary Transaction[Refereed]Scientific journal
- 1997, IATSS Research, Vol.21, No.2, pp.100-108, JapaneseAsian Container Transportation Network and Its Effects on the Japanese Shipping Industry[Refereed]Scientific journal
- 1995, Proceedings of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, No.524/Ⅳ-29,pp.49-57, No.524,IV - 29, JapaneseAn Inter-Dependence Analysis of Industry and Trade Among Four APEC Countries[Refereed]Scientific journal
- 日本船舶海洋工学会, Jun. 2010, 日本船舶海洋工学会講演会論文集, (10) (10), 355 - 358, JapaneseAnalysis of Domestic Transportation Patterns of Foreign-Trade Container Cargoes in the Hinterland of the Ports of Kobe and Osaka
- 日本船舶海洋工学会, Nov. 2009, Conference proceedings, the Japan Society of Naval Architects and Ocean Engineers, (9) (9), 19 - 22, JapaneseIntra-Asia container cargo transportation model including multi-layer transportation network and scale economy
- 運輸政策研究機構, Jan. 2000, 運輸政策研究, 2(4) (4), 21 - 29, Japanese地方港湾・空港国際化の現状と課題
- 20 Jan. 1998, 土木学会論文集 = Proceedings of JSCE, 583, 107 - 108, JapaneseTHE 2ND CONFERENCE OF THE EASTERN ASIA SOCIETY FOR TRANSPORTATION STUDIES
- Joint work, 海文堂出版, Apr. 2020モーダルシフトと内航海運
- Contributor, 成山堂, Feb. 2019, Japanese, ISBN: 9784425931613グローバル・ロジスティクス・ネットワーク : 国境を越えて世界を流れる貨物
- Contributor, コロナ社, Mar. 2017, Japanese, ISBN: 9784339052527土木計画学ハンドブック
- Joint work, 晃洋書房, Jun. 2014, Japanese内航海運Scholarly book
- Contributor, 東海大学出版会, Feb. 2009, Japanese, ISBN: 9784486017950国際海上コンテナ輸送概論
- Contributor, 共立出版, Jul. 2004, Japanese, ISBN: 4320074149沿岸域環境事典 = Encyclopedia of coastal zone environment
- Contributor, 古今書院, Aug. 2002, Japanese, ISBN: 4772240365空から見る国土の変遷
- 第70回土木計画学研究発表会, Nov. 2024, Japanese日本の主要バルク貨物取扱港湾の運営効率性評価Oral presentation
- 日本海運経済学会第58回年次大会, Oct. 2024, Japanese内航海運の船員確保に向けた課題と対応策Oral presentation
- EASTS Conference 2023, Sep. 2023, EnglishFeasibility Analysis of International Sea–Air Transport on the Export Cargo from East Asia to North AmericaOral presentation
- EASTS Conference 2023, Sep. 2023, EnglishEvaluation of Tranquility Improvement on Liner Ferry Service -Case Study on the Amami Islands in Japan-
- The 26th ATRS World Conference, Jul. 2023, EnglishSea and Air Intermodal Freight Transport from East Asia to North America: From the viewpoint of cost-efficiencyOral presentation
- International Association of Maritime Economists, 2022, Sep. 2022, EnglishImpact of Northern Sea Route Expansion on Container Cargo Transportation and Trade between East Asia and EuropeOral presentation
- International Association of Maritime Economists, 2021, Nov. 2021, EnglishSeafarer Shortage Problem in Coastal Shipping Industry and its Economic Impact in JapanOral presentation
- International Association of Maritime Economists, 2021, Nov. 2021, EnglishEstimation of container cargo flow between China and Europe considering the impact of Northern Sea Route expansionOral presentation
- IAME Conference Athens 2019, Jun. 2019, EnglishEfficiency Evaluation of Automated Container Terminals in East AsiaOral presentation
- International Association of Maritime Economists Annual Conference 2015, Aug. 2015, English, International Association of Maritime Economists, Kuala Lumpur, International conferenceContainer Vessel Schedule and Japanese Shippers’ Port Choice BehaviorOral presentation
- INFORMS Annual Meeting, 2012, 2012, English, Phoenix, AZ, USA, International conferenceEquilibrium Model for Analysis on Opening and Improving Transportation RoutesOral presentation
- 土木計画学研究・講演集 Vol.27, 2003, Japanese, 土木学会, 未記入, Domestic conference多地域応用一般均衡モデルによる海運政策の評価Oral presentation
- 土木計画学研究・講演集 Vol.27, 2003, Japanese, 土木学会, 未記入, Domestic conference船舶大型化と船社の経営状況との関連分析Oral presentation
- The Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences2012 - Present
- International Association of Maritime Economists2010 - Present
- 日本交通学会
- アジア交通学会
- 日本海運経済学会
- 応用地域学会
- 環太平洋産業連関分析学会
- 日本物流学会
- 土木学会
- 日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 基盤研究(C), 神戸大学, Apr. 2023 - Mar. 2027脱炭素化と働き方改革を考慮した内航海運船員需給推計と船員不足による経済影響推計
- 学術研究助成基金助成金/基盤研究(C), Apr. 2018 - Mar. 2022, Principal investigatorCompetitive research funding
- 科学研究費補助金/基盤研究(B), Apr. 2018 - Mar. 2021Competitive research funding
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A), Kyushu University, 01 Apr. 2014 - 31 Mar. 2018Evaluating CO2 emissions through the international trade network analysisUsing a model that represents global supply-chain networks, we identified supply-chain clusters with high CO2 emissions within more than 300 million individual supply chains. We distinguished 4756 significant CO2 clusters and found that in 2008, global supply-chain networks associated with U.S. construction demand included relatively large CO2 clusters in China, accounting for 10% of the U.S. CO2 footprint. Due to the sensitivity issue, there is a danger of overfitting of the results. In order to confirm the robustness and stability of the obtained clusters, we proposed a simulation-based experiment. We further developed an economic network analysis to find environmentally critical transmission sectors, transactions and paths in global supply chain networks. The edge betweenness centrality in the global supply chain networks is newly formulated. High-priority supply-chain clusters were visualized using both edge betweenness centrality and vertex betweenness centrality.
- 科学研究費補助金/基盤研究(B), Apr. 2015 - Mar. 2018Competitive research funding
- 学術研究助成基金助成金/基盤研究(C), Apr. 2014 - Mar. 2018, Principal investigatorCompetitive research funding
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), 01 Apr. 2013 - 31 Mar. 2017Simulation model and policy analysis of multi-mode international logistics between Asia and EuropeWe focus on the international logistics between East Asia and Europe, one of the major trade routes of the world. A field survey and analysis on the current status of each route (e.g. Suez Canal route, Panama Canal route, Northern Sea route, Siberian Land Bridge, China Land Bridge, and air transport) were implemented. Consequently, we applied the intermodal international container flow model to the Eurasian continent including the cargo originated from/attracted into Central and South Asia and the transit cargo via Central Asia, in order to simulate the impact of related policies such as decrease in national border barrier and infrastructure investment. Additionally, we estimated the route choice when each kind of vessel such as containerships and dry bulk carriers, navigates between each region of the world and developed the logit model to describe them, in order to simulate the impact of related policies such as the Panama Canal expansion and decrease in bunker fuel price.
- 科学研究費一部基金/基盤研究(B), Apr. 2012 - Mar. 2015Competitive research funding
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management, 2010 - 2012Proposal for the assessment method of GHG reduction measures based on the forecasting model for domestic trunk physical distribution considering the Eco-physical distributionConcerning maritime unit load cargo transportation, we have analyzed the trend of countermeasures on greenhouse gases reduction and have developed the mode choice model for long and middle distance transports respectively. We have also analyzed how the transport mode choice will be changed in the future by policy of countermeasures on greenhouse gases reduction and carbon tax considering the difference of CO_2 emission among transport modes.
- 学術研究助成基金助成金/若手研究(B), 2011, Principal investigatorCompetitive research funding
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Tohoku University, 2005 - 2007Complying with the Kyoto Protocol under Competitive and Environmental Pressure: From the Viewpoints of Industrial Structural Reform and Trade PolicyStandard eco-efficiency analysis has typically focused on changes in the production technologies and consumption in the being investigated. These studies have conventionally examined the reasons underlying changes in eco-efficiencies and more-efficient activity vectors of both desirable and undesirable outputs, such that the goods are maximized and the bads are minimized. In contrast, this paper focused on international eco-efficiencies and evaluated more-efficient activity distributions within the context of total domestic final demand at the international level being maximized under conditions of stringent environmental constraints (Kyoto regulation). This paper presents three major findings. First, competitive pressure and Japanese compliance with the Kyoto Protocol did not turn China into a pollution haven. Emissions decreased in both China and Japan as a result of free trade. Second, a $1 billion increase in net Japanese exports is accompanied by a decrease in Japanese eco-efficiency and an increase in Chinese eco-efficiency. Global eco-efficiency increases as net exports from Japan decrease. Third, Japanese eco-efficiency improves at the expense of decreased eco-efficiency in China, an increase of $1,000 per ton carbon in Japanese eco-efficiency results in a decrease of $223 per ton carbon in Chinese eco-efficiency under scenarios of free factor mobility and free commodity trade. The first finding corroborates that of Dietzenbacher and Mukhopadhyay (2007), who also found that China was not a pollution haven in 1995. In addition, an important consideration in this regard is that competitive pressure and Japanese compliance with the Protocol did not contribute to turning China into a pollution haven and that, from an environmental perspective, China and Japan both benefit from free trade. Conversely, the second and third findings imply that if we focus on national eco-efficiencies, China and Japan cannot establish a relationship in which the eco-efficiencies of both countries will improve.
- 科学研究費補助金/基盤研究(B), 2007Competitive research funding
- 科学研究費補助金/基盤研究(B), 2005Competitive research funding
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Tohoku University, 2002 - 2004Evaluation of Port Improvement Based on Estimation of Container Transport Network Change Considering Global AlliancesTransition and current situation of container transport market is summarized and influences of change of the market on trade structure are estimated through the following three analyses. 1.Competitive situation among Asian major ports is identified by analyzing pattern of calling ports of post-panamax size container ship. As the result of comparison of operation cost between post-panamax size container ship and larger container ship (mega-ship), it is become clear that mega-ship will be reasonable for some global alliance groups. 2.International transport cost of each commodity classified by SITC 5 digit code in trade statistics is identified. Impact of containerization and spread of reefer container on the trans-pacific trade is analyzed and it is estimated that contribution ratio of those technological innovations on trade stimulation of some agricultural products is more than 40 percent. 3.A multi-regional computable general equilibrium model including active behavior of ocean shipping carrier is formulated and applied to estimation of trade amount among four major economic regions, that are Japan, USA, EU and Asia. The model estimates that 10 percent improvement of productivity on ocean carrier causes 0.4 percent trade amount increase. Above analyses confirmed that technological innovation and structure change of maritime transport have a significant influence on trade. Those result suggest port improvement and more efficient operation at port in order to respond to further change of container transport market.
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Tohoku University, 2002 - 2004Transportation Benefit Measurement under the Second Best EconomyThis research showed followings among others : (1)Transportation benefit under the core-periphery model with market distortion and multiple equilibriums can be measured by the consumer's surplus of artificial demand functions which is derived from the symmetric equilibrium. (2)The total value of environmental quality can be expressed by additive separation of direct use value, indirect use vale and non-use value, which can be measured respectively by the observable revealed preference data. (3)Pricing 'real option' in an incomplete market which bridges the gap between arbitrage -free pricing and utility maximization analysis is formulated by a two person dynamic stochastic game, and which can be applicable to the transportation investment with the uncertainty. (4)A CGE which incorporates dynamic features of the car industry and behavior of car purchasing and using was developed for evaluation of welfare loss of introducing car related carbon tax. (5)Road investment criteria under FAR regulations are investigated. If FAR is optimally regulated, then road benefit be measured by consumers' surplus under the first best economy. Otherwise it should be measured the change in DWL due to the suboptimal regulation, which can be measured by the change in marginal cost of FAR.
- 日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 萌芽研究, 東北大学, 2001 - 2002リサイクル活性化のための廃棄物物流に関する基礎的研究廃棄物のOD貨物量推計方法の精査とそれに基づく環境影響評価を行った. 品目を考慮せずに単純な総コスト最小化原理で推計を行っても,再現性は非常に悪かったため,品目毎に推計を行った.また,特に家電リサイクルなどでは,企業グループ毎に回収,分解作業が行われているため,品目だけでなく企業グループの考慮も行った.また,流通経路として品目によっては卸売業が介在したり,数段階に渡って処理が行われる品目があるなど,複雑な流通形態となっている場合があるため,そのような介在業種の立地も考慮した.その結果,総コスト最小化原理でもある程度の再現性が得られた.しかしながら,介在各業種の立地行動までを内生的に表現するには至らなかったため,それらの立地行動をシナリオとして与え,比較分析を行った.具体的には卸売業,流通ターミナル,解体業,リサイクル品使用者の立地シナリオをそれぞれ複数通り与えることにより,OD貨物量の推計が可能となった. OD貨物量の推計結果を用いて,公共性を含めた制度の考察と環境影響評価を行った.公共性の問題としては,外部不経済,マーケットの不完全性等を考慮し,公共がどこまで介入するかという点に焦点を絞った.価格保証,補助,義務,罰金等様々なケースを考え,また公共介入による民業圧迫も考慮した.更に制度上の問題として,品質による価格差,需給バランスが崩れた場合の対策卸売市場の必要性等を考察した.環境影響評価としては大気汚染,水質汚染,土壌汚染に対して,家計が内生化された環境評価型産業連関表を用いて評価を行った.特に各種業者の立地シナリオ毎に県境影響評価を行うことにより,それらの立地誘導あるいは用地確保に関する公共の介入の評価を行うことができた.
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), TOHOKU UNIVERSITY, 1999 - 2001Model development for comprehensive evaluation of global warming policies with special attention to transportation sectorsThis study aims to develop a set of dynamic and/or spatial computable general equilibrium (DCGE/SCGE) models for comprehensive evaluation of global warming policies with special attention to transportation sectors. The study result can be summarized as follows : 1.This study surveys the unit social cost of 1 CO2 ton and estimates it as \7,000 per CO2 ton. 2. This study develops a dynamic computable general equilibrium (DCGE) model for comprehensive evaluation of global warming policies with special attention to transportation sectors, which is dynamic to include the saving and investment, and has a variable of car-ownership in order to explicitly analyze the impacts of various policies on the car-ownership and car-usage. 3. By carrying out a simulation based on the models mentioned above, it turns out that first, the carbon tax level necessary to achieve the CO2 reduction target of 2010 that is the 17 % up over the emission level of 1990 is \ 85,000/CO2, second, its annual welfare loss increase over the present (\62,000/CO2 equivalent fuel tax) is \500 billion/year, finally, those value crucially depends on the value of fuel price elasticity. 4. This study develops a static spatial computable general equilibrium (SCGE) models for comprehensive evaluation of global warming policies with special attention to transportation sectors and land use regulations. And its application to Gifu metropolitan region implies that land use regulation is not necessarily efficient in terms of its benefits and cost comparison. 5. This study develops another static spatial computable general equilibrium (SCGE) model with special attention to international freight transportation sectors although it does not yet carry out any simulation for evaluation of global warming policies, which is one of the remaining tasks. 6. This study modifies DICE model by Nordhaus in such a way, first, that population be endogenous by applying dynasty model, second, that evaluation criteria be efficiency, equity within the same generation and equity between different generations. Based on the modified model this study compares three policies of optimal tax, 1990 level regulation and 2.5 C up regulation. It shows that the most efficient tax policy is best not only efficient but also both meanings of equity.
- 日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 奨励研究(A), 東北大学, 1998 - 1999流通業における物流施設立地モデルの開発と物流合理化のための交通施設整備平成11年度は流通業における物流施設立地モデルを開発し,さらに物流量のネットワーク配分を行い,物流合理化のための交通施設整備及び物流施設整備の方針を提案した. 前年度に構築した立地モデルをより精緻化することにより,平成7年の全国貨物純流動調査の結果を予測し,実績値との比較評価を行った.分析単位は県とし品目数は生産財,中間財,消費財それぞれ3品目ずつ計9品目とした.本研究では全国貨物純流動調査における取扱量分布を立地分布と見なすこととし,変数としては,各時点及びその5年前,10年前の消費の代替指標としての人口と,生産指標である工業生産額,また立地に大きく寄与すると思われる交通施設整備状況を考えた.その他,品目別の特性を十分に考慮し,ロットサイズや輸送時の主な荷姿も考慮した. 適用例として,交通施設整備状況や物流施設の規模を変化させて,平成7年の道路ネットワーク及び物流ODの下での望ましい交通施設整備レベル,物流施設立地場所およびその規模を検討した.ネットワークヘの物流量の配分は分割配分法による収束計算を用いた.広域物流拠点での積み替えを考慮した地域間貨物流動を再現したことになる. 数値シュミレーションの結果,本モデルは現実的な時間で十分信用に足る結果を得ることができた. 物流拠点のタイプは自立型,周辺依存型,孤立型の3つが存在することが確認できた.自立型,周辺依存型は自地域または隣接地域に大量の発生集中貨物があるため,物流施設整備の立地計画立案は,相対的にそれ程困難ではない.一方,孤立型は自地域でも隣接地域にも大量の発生集中貨物がない地城への立地を示唆しており,主に大都市からの遠隔地の都市にもある程度の規模の物流施設整備が必要であることを示した.
- 日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 基盤研究(B), 東北大学, 1997 - 1999多国間貿易量予測のための交易係数予測モデル国連貿易統計の不斉合問題をふまえ,以下の手順で1980年の日米間のSITC-R2.3桁コード234品目別貿易価額及び物量の推計を行い単価を推定した.その際に航空貨物分は控除した. 1.輸出FOB価額に海上運賃,保険料を加算してCIF価額に変換. 2.係数の初期値として,輸出国と輸入国で品目が変わる可能性のあるものに関しては十分に小さい値(0.0001程度),その可能性のないものは0,対角項は1. 3.この初期係数マトリクスの列和が各品目の輸入国側の輸入価額となるように調整し,次に行和の輸出国側の輸出価額により調整.これを繰り返し収束させる. 4.推定された価額と輸入価額単価から交易物量を計算. 5.この交易物量マトリクスに対し,行和・列和を輸出入物量の合計値により収束計算. 6.以上により推定した価額及び物量の対角項より,欠落データを含むすべての品目で単価が推定可能となった. 以上のように求めた日米間貿易における品目別単価を直接検証することはできないが,その他の各種データと比較しても乖離しておらず,良好な結果が得られたと考えられる. 輸出国と輸入国での品目の相違,データの欠落といった国連貿易統計の問題を解決する手法を提案し,実際に日米間の品目別単価を推定することができたことにより,その他の国間における貿易単価も同様にして推定可能となった.