This study was spurred by a precedent research by Makoto Takagi et al. and attempts to investigate the affiliations between "borei" (ghostly manifestations) and war chronicles (the interpretation centers around "onryoshikan" or historical insights of vindictive spirits). According to the five literary works (pieces of literature), The Tale of Hogen, The Tale of Heiji, The Tale of Heike, Shokyuki (The account of the Shokyu War), Taiheiki (Chronicle of the Grand Pacification), there are records pertaining to nation-wide famous "onryo" or vengeful ghosts across history such as Sutokuin, Emperor Antoku, Gotobain, and Emperor Daigo etc. However, despite The Tale of Hogen is a fundamental component surrounding the historical insight of the "onryo" or spirit belonging to Sutokuin, according to other sources, we have yet to come up with a rational justification of the many incidents concerning the occurrences of these appearances. While Shokyuki seems indifferent toward the ghost of Gotobain, The Tale of Heike and Taiheiki include "onryoshikan" or historical insights of vindictive spirits, though after all it resorts to other interpretations. On the other hand, since the term "borei" is utilized to express a wider meaning, Tairano Kiyomori's recollection in The Tale of Heike should be linked to current reliable methods (in insinuating that it existed in the past and yet shall continue to prevail in the future) and thus shall provide several perspectives related to "borei" or departed spirts in history.

The last part of Taihei-ki which consists of "Koraijin-raicho-no-koto" and two other chapters is devoted to the historical description of the Mongolian attack. When the Mongolian tried to invade Japan in the late thirteenth century, it provoked a strong patriotism and helped much to form the ideology of the "divine nation." But in the historical discourse of Taihei-ki made about a hundred years after the incident, the nationalistic ideology was no longer upheld and even subtly subverted. The aim of this essay is to read the deconstructive effect of Taihei-ki which nullifies the very dichotomy of "inside (the divine nation)"/ "outside (the foreign enemy)" the ideology depends on.