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YOSHIOKA Tomohisa
Research Center for Membrane and Film Technology
Professor

Researcher basic information

■ Research news
  • 25 Dec. 2019, Development of ultrathin durable membrane for efficient oil and water separation
■ Research Keyword
  • Chemical engineering in general
  • 化学工学一般
■ Research Areas
  • Manufacturing technology (mechanical, electrical/electronic, chemical engineering) / Transfer phenomena and unit operations

Research activity information

■ Award
  • Mar. 2022 化学工学会, Award for Outstanding Research Achievement, 非平衡分子動力学法によるミクロ多孔性膜における 分子輸送現象の解明とセラミック多孔膜の開発
    Tomohisa Yoshioka

  • Nov. 2020 日本膜学会, The Membrane Society of Japan Outstanding Paper Award, 水中におけるシリカナノ粒子の高分子膜表面への付着挙動の分子シミュレーション
    藤村 侑, 川勝 孝博, 岡田 恵丞, 吉岡 朋久

  • Sep. 2014 化学工学会, Journal of Chemical Engineering of Japan Outstanding Paper Award, Micropore Filling Phase Permeation of a Condensable Vapor in Silica Membranes: A Molecular Dynamics Study
    Tomohisa Yoshioka, Hiroki Nagasawa, Masakoto Kanezashi, Toshinori Tsuru

  • May 2005 日本膜学会, Research Encouragement Award, 超微細孔を有する無機膜における気体透過特性 -アモルファスシリカ膜を用いた実験的検討と非平衡分子動力学法による計算機シミュレーション-
    Tomohisa Yoshioka

■ Paper
■ MISC
  • Tomohisa Yoshioka
    The Membrane Society of Japan, 2024, MEMBRANE, 49(5) (5), 262 - 267, Japanese
    [Refereed][Invited]
    Introduction scientific journal

  • カーボンニュートラルに向けたCO2分離膜の現状と期待
    吉岡朋久, 神尾英治
    Nov. 2023, 分離技術, 53(6) (6), 342 - 351, Japanese
    [Invited]
    Introduction scientific journal

  • Mingming Zhai, Tomohisa Yoshioka, Jianhua Yang, Jinqu Wang, Dinglin Zhang, Jinming Lu, Yan Zhang
    Materials China, 01 May 2021, Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 33, 104 - 111, English
    Book review

  • Functions of Polymeric Additives in Thermally Induced Phase Separation Process of Poly(Vinylidene Difluoride)
    薮野洋平, 小松賢作, 新谷卓司, 中川敬三, 吉岡朋久
    2020, 膜, 45(6) (6)

  • NF/RO/FO 膜と液体透過現象の分子動力学シミュレーション
    吉岡 朋久
    Jul. 2019, 分離技術, 49(4) (4), 208 - 215, Japanese
    [Invited]
    Introduction scientific journal

  • 神戸大学における革新的分離膜の創製
    NAKAGAWA Keizo, INADA Asuka, KAMIO Eiji, YOSHIOKA Tomohisa, MATSUYAMA Hideto
    Oct. 2018, 繊維学会誌, 74(5) (5), 186 - 192, Japanese
    [Refereed][Invited]
    Introduction scientific journal

  • Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Water Permeation in RO/FO Membranes
    YOSHIOKA TOMOHISA, 川勝孝博
    Jul. 2018, 膜(MEMBRANE), 43(4) (4), 154 - 160, Japanese
    [Refereed][Invited]
    Introduction scientific journal

  • 膜工学研究の将来展望
    MATSUYAMA HIDETO, YOSHIOKA TOMOHISA, KAMIO EIJI, NAKAGAWA KEIZO
    The Chemical Society of Japan, Aug. 2017, Cheimstry & Chemical Industry, 70(8) (8), 678 - 680, Japanese
    [Refereed][Invited]
    Introduction scientific journal

  • 計算機支援による多孔性セラミック膜の細孔径評価法開発
    YOSHIOKA TOMOHISA
    触媒学会, Jun. 2017, 触媒, 59(3) (3), 161 - 166, Japanese
    [Invited]
    Introduction scientific journal

  • KAMIO EIJI, YOSHIOKA TOMOHISA
    日本膜学会, 2017, 膜(MEMBRANE), 42(1) (1), 2 - 10, Japanese
    [Refereed][Invited]
    Introduction scientific journal

  • YOSHIOKA TOMOHISA, 高橋 麻里子
    2016, 膜(MEMBRANE), 41(1) (1), 22 - 29, Japanese
    [Refereed][Invited]
    Introduction scientific journal

  • Molecular Simulation for Microporous Inorganic Membrames and Application to Estimation of Gas Permeation Characteristics
    YOSHIOKA Tomohisa
    Nov. 2014, MEMBRANE, 39(6) (6), 357 - 365, Japanese
    [Refereed][Invited]
    Introduction scientific journal

  • Molecular simulation assisted characterization of structures and gas permeation properties of microporous inorganic membranes
    YOSHIOKA Tomohisa
    Jul. 2014, MEMBRANE, 39(4) (4), 236 - 245, Japanese
    [Refereed][Invited]
    Introduction scientific journal

  • Development of microporous gas separation membranes assisted by molecular simulations
    YOSHIOKA Tomohisa
    Dec. 2010, Adsorption News, 24(4) (4), 6 - 13, Japanese
    [Invited]
    Introduction scientific journal

  • 膜分離技術開発の現状と今後の課題
    吉岡 朋久
    Sep. 2010, 分離技術, 40(5) (5), 76 - 83, Japanese
    [Invited]
    Introduction scientific journal

  • 多孔性セラミックス系分離膜の分子シミュレーション
    吉岡 朋久
    May 2009, 分離技術, 39(3) (3), 137 - 145, Japanese
    [Invited]
    Introduction scientific journal

  • YOSHIOKA Tomohisa
    Applications of molecular simulation to studies of gas permeation and separation through microporous inorganic membranes are reviewed. Porous inorganic membranes have chemical and thermal stability, and they are expected to be used for highly selective separation processes of several molecular mixtures. In order to adequately design those membranes and to decide effective operation conditions, it is important to understand gas permeation and separation mechanisms in ultra-microporoues on membranes from a microscopic viewpoint. A boundary driven nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) technique, which enables us to easily simulate a non-equilibrium state permeation, is a useful tool for the understanding of gas permeation and separation phenomena in the scale of molecules. Many papers have been presented for development of molecular simulation techniques and their application to gas permeation and separation simulations on mainly three types of microporous inorganic membranes, zeolite, amorphous silica and carbon membranes. Ideal membrane performance is successfully predicted by using molecular simulations qualitatively, while structural and physical chemical adequacy of membrane model is important to reproduce membrane performance observed experimentally for real membranes. Further development of molecular simulation studies for microporous inorganic membranes would bring about more precise predictions of gas permeation and separation properties.
    THE MEMBRANE SOCIETY OF JAPAN, Mar. 2007, MEMBRANE, 32(2) (2), 71 - 79, Japanese
    [Refereed][Invited]
    Introduction scientific journal

  • TSURU Toshinori, TANAKA Katsuyuki, YOSHIOKA Tomohisa, ASAEDA Masashi
    THE MEMBRANE SOCIETY OF JAPAN, 01 Nov. 2005, MEMBRANE, 30(6) (6), 339 - 343, Japanese

  • YOSHIOKA Tomohisa
    THE MEMBRANE SOCIETY OF JAPAN, Jul. 2005, MEMBRANE, 30(4) (4), 210 - 218, Japanese
    [Refereed][Invited]
    Introduction scientific journal

  • YOSHIOKA Tomohisa
    THE MEMBRANE SOCIETY OF JAPAN, Jan. 2005, MEMBRANE, 30(1) (1), 29 - 37, Japanese
    [Refereed][Invited]
    Introduction scientific journal

  • Yoshioka Tomohisa, Tanaka Junpei, Tusru Toshinori, Asaeda Masashi
    Non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations of condensable vapor permeation and separation of condensable and non-condensable gas mixtures through a sub-nano scale pore were conducted on a virtual amorphous silica membrane which was prepared by the melt-quench procedures. Concerning the permeation properties of ethane-like LJ particle through a pore of 8 &Aring; in diameter, a surface diffusion-like temperature dependency was observed at relatively high temperature region (400-800 K), while around room temperatures, the permeance decreased with decreasing temperature. The permeances of non-condensable nitrogen-like particle, which has smaller affinity with the pore surface than ethane, was smaller than those of ethane and the Knudsen or surface diffusion-like temperature dependency curve could be seen. In simulations of separation for ethane/nitrogen binary mixtures at 260 K, a temperature below the critical temperature (<I>T<SUB>C</SUB></I>) of actual ethane, the concentration dependency of ethane permeance showed an almost flat curve in low concentration (partial pressure) region, and at a higher specific concentration, the permeance largely decreased. The permeances of nitrogen were smaller at any partial pressure conditions compared with those observed in single nitrogen gas permeation simulations. Especially at a large partial pressure of ethane, the permeance of nitrogen became very small. This fact indicates a condensable component that has larger interaction with the pore surface could obstruct the transport of a non-condensable one to decrease its permeance. Above mentioned results suggest that the micropore filling of condensable gases could occur in a micropore at temperatures below <I>T<SUB>C</SUB></I> and at sufficiently high pressures, and this phenomenon would play an important role in determining the separation performance of these gases through a micropore.
    公益社団法人 化学工学会, 2004, Asian Pacific Confederation of Chemical Engineering congress program and abstracts, 2004(0) (0), 741 - 741, English
    Summary international conference

  • Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Transport and Separation of Condensable and Non-condensable Gas Mixtures through Microporous Silica Membranes
    2004, Proc. 8th Intern. Conf. Inorganic Membranes, 242 - 245, English
    Summary international conference

  • Gas permeation characteristics and stability of composite silica-metal oxide membranes
    M Asaeda, M Kanezashi, T Yoshioka, T Tsuru
    2003, MEMBRANES-PREPARATION, PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS, 752, 213 - 218, English

  • 超微細孔を有する多孔性シリカ膜におけるガス透過機構
    吉岡朋久
    分離技術会, 2001, 分離技術, 31(5) (5), 278 - 285, Japanese
    [Invited]

  • Molecular dynamics simulation of gas permeation in microporous silica membranes
    1999, Proc. Intern. Congress on Membranes and Membrane Processes, 43, English
    Summary international conference

  • Permeation mechanism of inorganic gases in ultra-microporous silica membranes
    YOSHIOKA T.
    1998, Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Inorganic Membranes, 120 - 123, English
    Introduction scientific journal

  • Observation of interface curvature of capillary condensed phase in slit-shaped nano pore with a new MD simulation method
    1997, Characterisation of porous solids IV, 413 - 420, English
    Summary international conference

  • Non-uniform curvature model for condensation in cylindrical nano pores
    1996, Proc. 4th Intern. Symposium on the Characterization of Porous Solids, English
    Summary international conference

■ Books And Other Publications
  • 実例で学ぶ化学工学 : 課題解決のためのアプローチ
    化学工学会, 化学工学会教科書委員会, 阿尻, 雅文, 都留, 稔了, 辻, 佳子, 山口, 猛央, 外輪, 健一郎, 下山, 裕介, 車田, 研一, 二井, 晋, 原野, 安土, 福島, 康裕, 金子, 弘昌, 吉岡, 朋久, 上宮, 成之, 笘居, 高明, 大平, 勇一
    Contributor, 第Ⅱ編 基礎編 11章 無次元数とアナロジー,第Ⅲ編 応用編 16章 逆浸透膜プロセスによる海水淡水化, 丸善出版, Jan. 2022, Japanese, ISBN: 9784621307045

  • マテリアルズ・インフォマティクスによる材料開発と活用集
    YOSHIOKA TOMOHISA
    Contributor, 第4章 マテリアルズ・インフォマティクスによる無機材料の新材料開発 第16節 分子シミュレーションによる多孔性無機膜の気体透過性評価, 技術情報協会, Jan. 2019, Japanese, ISBN: 9784861047633
    Scholarly book

  • Current Trends and Future Developments on (Bio-) Membranes Silica Membranes: Preparation, Modelling, Application, and Commercialization, Chapter 5: Molecular dynamic (MD) simulation of silica membranes
    TOMOHISA YOSHIOKA
    Contributor, Academic Press, Elsevier, Aug. 2017, English
    Scholarly book

  • エネルギー・化学プロセスにおける膜分離技術
    吉岡朋久
    Contributor, 第3章 無機分離膜の分離機構と開発, 応用動向 第8節 計算機支援による無機膜の構造および透過性評価, S&T出版, Dec. 2014, Japanese, ISBN: 9784907002428

  • 多孔体の精密制御と機能・物性評価
    都留稔了, 吉岡朋久
    Contributor, 第2章. 多孔質体の構造と機能・物性評価,29. 多孔質膜の構造・細孔径と分離性の評価, サイエンス&テクノロジー, Mar. 2008, Japanese, ISBN: 9784907002329

■ Lectures, oral presentations, etc.
  • Gas permeation and pervaporation dehydration characteristics of TiO2-based organic-inorganic composite membranes
    Tomohisa Yoshioka, Fujiki, T., Nakagawa, K., Kitagawa, T., Okamoto, Y., Matsuoka, A., Kamio, E., Matsuyama, H.
    The 15th Conference of the Aseanian Membrane Society (AMS15), Aug. 2025, English
    Oral presentation

  • Development of ammonia wastewater concentration and purification process using membrane separation technology
    Tomohisa Yoshioka, Atsushi Matsuoka, Keizo Nakagawa, Zhan Li, Kazuo Kumagai, Hideto Matsuyama
    SCEJ 55th Autumn Meeting, Sep. 2024, Japanese
    Oral presentation

  • [Invited lecture] Chelating ligand assisted preparation and characteristics of microporous TiO2-based composite membranes for OSN/OSRO, pervaporation and hydrogen separation
    Tomohisa Yoshioka
    Special Seminar in Victoria University, Melborn, Australia, Aug. 2024, English
    [Invited]
    Public discourse

  • Hydrogen Permeation Characteristics of TiO2-SiO2-Organic Chelating Ligand (OCL) Composite Membranes
    Tomohisa Yoshioka, Takaya Fujiki, Etsuko Tachi, Keizo Nakagawa, Tooru Kitagawa, Yasunao Okamoto, Atsushi Matsuoka, Eiji Kamio, Hideto Matsuyama
    The 14th Conference of the Aseanian Membrane Society (AMS14), Jul. 2024, English
    Oral presentation

  • [Invited lecture ] Development of TiO2-based microporous ceramic membranes for OSN/OSRO, pervaporation and hydrogen separation
    Tomohisa Yoshioka
    International Conference of Membrane and Chitosan Materials in Taiwan 2024, Jul. 2024, English
    [Invited]
    Nominated symposium

  • [依頼講演] 液相系膜透過/分離の分子動力学シミュレーション
    吉岡朋久
    日本膜学会第46年会, Jun. 2024, Japanese
    [Invited]
    Invited oral presentation

  • [依頼講演] カーボンニュートラルに向けたCO2分離膜の現状と期待
    吉岡朋久, 神尾英治
    第29回 関西地区分離技術講演会, Mar. 2024, Japanese
    [Invited]
    Nominated symposium

  • [Keynote lecture] Organic solvent nanofiltration/reverse osmosis characteristics of TiO2-ZrO2-organic chelating ligand (OCL) composite membranes
    Tomohisa Yoshioka, Shunsuke Kitamura, Ryosuke Iesako, Keizo Nakagawa, Tooru Kitagawa, Yasunao Okamoto, Atsushi Matsuoka, Eiji Kamio, Hideto Matsuyama
    13th International Congress on Membranes and Membrane Processes (ICOM 2023), Jul. 2023, English
    Oral presentation

  • Structural design;performance characterization of;water;anes using;molecular simulation
    Tomohisa Yoshioka
    ダイキン/BIOVIA 分子ソフト&インフォマティクス Webinar, Feb. 2023, Japanese
    [Invited]
    Public discourse

  • [依頼講演] TiO2-ZrO2-有機キレート配位子複合膜の細孔径制御と有機溶剤透過特性
    吉岡朋久
    先端膜工学研究推進機構 2022年度膜工学秋季講演会・膜工学サロン, Sep. 2022, Japanese
    [Invited]
    Nominated symposium

  • [Invited Lecture] Nanofiltration and gas permeation characteristics of TiO2-based microporous composite membranes prepared by addition of organic chelating ligands
    Tomohisa Yoshioka
    SCEJ 53rd Autumn Meeting -Japan-Korea-Taiwan Joint Symposium on Chemical Engineering-, Sep. 2022, English
    [Invited]
    Invited oral presentation

  • [Plenary Lecture] Molecular transport phenomena and development of microporous ceramic membranes
    Tomohisa Yoshioka
    The 13th Conference of the Aseanian Membrane Society, Jul. 2022, English
    [Invited]
    Keynote oral presentation

  • [Keynote lecture] Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study of Liquid Permeation through Nano Scale Pores on Ceramic Membranes
    Tomohisa Yoshioka, Yuya Ohara, Yuto Ihara, Keizo Nakagawa, Takuji Shintani, Hideto Matsuyama
    The 16th International Conference on Inorganic Membranes (ICIM-16), Jun. 2022, English
    Oral presentation

  • [Award lecture] Study on Molecular Transport Phenomena in Microporous Membranes by Non-equilibrium Molecular Dynamics and its Application to Development of Microporous Ceramic Membranes
    Tomohisa Yoshioka
    SCEJ 87th Annual Meeting, Mar. 2022, Japanese
    [Invited]
    Invited oral presentation

  • [Invited Lecture] Gas permeation characteristics of microporous TiO2-based ceramic membranes
    Tomohisa Yoshioka
    2020 Dalian University of Technology- Overseas Partner Universities Series Online Exchange Conference, Jan. 2021, English
    [Invited]
    Nominated symposium

  • Gas permeation characteristics of TiO2-ZrO2 composite membranes prepared by using aromatic organic chelating ligand (aOCL)
    Tomohisa Yoshioka, Takashi Tachibana, Keizo Nakagawa, Takuji Shintani, Eiji Kamio, Hideto Matsuyama
    12th International Congress on Membranes and Membrane Processes (ICOM 2020), Dec. 2020, English
    Poster presentation

  • [依頼講演] 計算機支援による多孔性セラミック膜における分子透過機構の解明と分離膜開発
    吉岡朋久
    無機膜研究センター 産業化戦略協議会第14 回セミナー, Sep. 2020, Japanese
    [Invited]
    Nominated symposium

  • [Invited lecture] Industry related research activities in membrane center of Kobe University
    Tomohisa Yoshioka
    MSA Industry-focused workshop: Water treatment and reuse, desalination and resource recovery, Feb. 2020, English
    [Invited]
    Nominated symposium

  • [Invited lecture] Gas permeation mechanisms in microporous ceramic membranes and in-situ characterization of subnano-scale porous structures
    Tomohisa Yoshioka
    The 10th International Membrane Science & Technology Conference (IMSTEC2020), Feb. 2020, English
    [Invited]
    Invited oral presentation

  • [Invited lecture] Gas and liquid permeation properties: molecular simulation studies on microporous ceramics and polyamide membranes
    Tomohisa Yoshioka
    International Membrane Symposium at TIANGONG University, Tianjin, China, Nov. 2019, English
    [Invited]
    Nominated symposium

  • Molecular dynamics simulation of FO/RO water permeation in amphotericin B water channel
    Tomohisa YOSHIOKA, Keisuke Kotaka, Keizo NAKAGAWA, Takuji SHINTANI, Takahiro KAWAKATSU, Yu FUJIMURA, Hao-Chen WU, Hideto MATSUYAMA
    The 18th Asian Pacific Confederation of Chemical Engineering Congress, Sep. 2019, English, The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan, Sapporo, Japan, International conference
    Oral presentation

  • Nanofiltration characteristics of organic chelate ligand (OCL)-templated microporous TiO2-ZrO2 membranes
    Tomohisa Yoshioka, Yuki Sada, Keizo Nakagawa, Takuji Shintani, Eiji Kamio, Hideto Matsuyama
    The 12th Conference of the Aseanian Membrane Society (AMS12), Jul. 2019, English
    Oral presentation

  • [依頼講演] RO/FO膜における水透過の分子シミュレーション
    吉岡朋久
    2019 BIOVIA USER CONFERENCE -Materials Science-, May 2019, Japanese
    [Invited]
    Public discourse

  • Molecular simulation of water permeation in water channel membranes
    YOSHIOKA TOMOHISA
    日本化学会 第99春季年会, Mar. 2019, Japanese, 日本化学会, 甲南大学, Domestic conference
    [Invited]
    Invited oral presentation

  • 有機キレート配位子を鋳型とする多孔性TiO2-ZrO2ナノろ過膜の細孔径評価と分画特性
    YOSHIOKA TOMOHISA, 貞 佑樹, NAKAGAWA KEIZO, SHINTANI TAKUJI, KAMIO EIJI, MATSUYAMA HIDETO
    化学工学会第84.年会, Mar. 2019, Japanese, 化学工学会, 芝浦工業大学, Domestic conference
    Oral presentation

  • Nanofiltration characteristics of organic chelate ligand (OCL)-templated microporous TiO2-ZrO2 membranes
    Tomohisa YOSHIOKA, Yuki SADA, Keizo NAKAGAWA, Takuji SHINTANI, Eiji KAMIO, Hideto MATSUYAMA
    AMS12 (12th Conference of the Aseanian Membrane Society), Jul. 2019, English, Aseanian Membrane Society, Jeju, Korea, International conference
    Oral presentation

  • Development of TiO2-ZrO2-organic chelate ligand composite membranes for gas separation
    Tomohisa Yoshioka, Shoichi Hirai, Keizo Nakagawa, Takuji Shintani, Eiji Kamio, Hideto Matsuyama
    第28回日本MRS年次大会, Dec. 2018, Japanese, 北九州国際会議場・西日本総合展示場, Domestic conference
    Oral presentation

  • 多孔性セラミック分離膜と分子シミュレーション
    YOSHIOKA TOMOHISA
    分離技術会 第14回東海地区分離技術講演会, Nov. 2018, Japanese, 分離技術会, 名古屋工業大学, Domestic conference
    [Invited]
    Public discourse

  • 非平衡分子動力学シミュレーションによるTiO2 ナノ細孔内液相透過現象のモデリング
    吉岡朋久, 鈴木悠太, 中川敬三, 新谷卓司, 松山秀人
    膜シンポジウム2018, Nov. 2018, Japanese, 日本膜学会, 神戸市, Domestic conference
    Oral presentation

  • ガス分離/液体分離への応用を目指した多孔性セラミック膜開発
    YOSHIOKA TOMOHISA
    新技術説明会, Aug. 2018, Japanese, JST, 東京都, Domestic conference
    Public discourse

  • Gas permeation properties of microporous ceramic membranes;molecular simulation and in-situ characterizationof sub-nano porous structures
    Yoshioka Tomohisa
    8th International Symposium on Inorganic Membranes (ISIM8), Jul. 2018, English, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, International conference
    Nominated symposium

  • Molecular dynamics simulation study of polyamide membrane structures and RO/FO water permeation properties
    Tomohisa Yoshioka, Keisuke Kotaka, Keizo Nakagawa, Takuji Shintani, Takahiro Kwakatsu, Yu Fujimura, Hao-Chen Wu, Hideto Matsuyama
    The 11th Conference of Aseanian Membrane Society (AMS11), Jul. 2018, English, The Rydges Hotel, Brisbane Southbank, Australia, International conference
    Oral presentation

  • Simulation and modeling of water permeation in TiO2 nanoporous membranes using non-equilibrium molecular dynamics
    Yoshioka Tomohisa, Suzuki Yuta, Keizo Nakagawa, Shintani Takuji, Kamio Eiji, Matsuyama Hideto, Tsuru Toshinori
    15th International Conference on Inorganic Membranes (ICIM-15)15th International Conference on Inorganic Membranes, Jun. 2018, English, The Westin Bellevue Dresden, Germany, International conference
    Oral presentation

  • [依頼講演] RO/FO膜における水透過の分子動力学シミュレーション
    吉岡朋久, 川勝孝博
    日本膜学会第40年会, May 2018, Japanese, 日本膜学会, 東京都, Domestic conference
    [Invited]
    Invited oral presentation

  • [依頼講演] ガス分離膜開発と分子シミュレーション
    吉岡朋久
    第2回 環境セミナー, Jan. 2018, Japanese, 京都府中小企業技術センター, Domestic conference
    [Invited]
    Public discourse

  • MOLECULAR SIMULATION OF CYCLIC PEPTIDE NANOTUBES FOR NOVEL WATER CHANNEL
    Tomohisa YOSHIOKA, Hao-Chen WU, Keizo NAKAGAWA, Takuji SHINTANI, Hiroki NAGASAWA, Masakoto KANEZASHI, Toshinori TSURU, Daisuke SAEKI, Hideto MATSUYAMA
    The 11th International Conference on Separation Science and Technology(ICSST17), Nov. 2017, English, 韓国(釜山), International conference
    Poster presentation

  • Effect of gas molecular properties on characterization of microporous membrane structures based on the modified GT model: molecular dynamics study
    Yoshioka Tomohisa, Tamaoki Kazuya, Nagasawa Hiroki, Kanezashi Masakoto, Tsuru Toshinori
    11th International Congress on Membranes and Membrane Processes (ICOM2017), Jul. 2017, English, International conference
    Poster presentation

  • Characterization of porous titania-zirconia composite membrane materials prepared by using organic chelating ligands
    Tomohisa YOSHIOKA, Yuki SADA, Keizo NAKAGAWA, Takuji SHINTANI, Eiji KAMIO, Hideto MATSUYAMA
    11th International Congress on Membranes and Membrane Processes (ICOM2017), Jul. 2017, English, USA(San Francisco), International conference
    Poster presentation

  • Membrane separation technology for CO2 separation and recovery in Japan
    YOSHIOKA TOMOHISA, KAMIO EIJI
    日本膜学会第39年会, May 2017, Japanese, The Membrane Society of Japan, Domestic conference
    [Invited]
    Invited oral presentation

  • [Invited lecture] Membrane Technology for CO2 Separation in Kobe University-Ionic Liquid Impregnated Gel and Ceramic Membranes-
    Yoshioka Tomohisa, Kamio Eiji, Matsuyama Hideto
    Kobe University Academic Research and Education Forum(KUAREF), Dec. 2016, English, The Margo Hotel, Depok, Indonesia, International conference
    [Invited]
    Nominated symposium

  • CO2 permeation and CO2/N2 separation characteristics of sol-gel derived microporous amino-silica membranes
    Yoshioka Tomohisa, Nagao Yukiharu, Nagasawa Hiroki, Kanezashi Masakoto, Tsuru Toshinori
    THE 5TH ASIAN CONFERENCE ON INNOVATIVE ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING (ASCON-IEEChE 2016), Nov. 2016, English, The Hotel New Grand, Yokohama, Japan, International conference
    Oral presentation

  • Preparation and gas permeation characteristics of microporous carbon-ceramic membranes by counter diffusion thermal CVD of organic solvent vapor
    Yoshioka Tomohisa, Kagawa Takahiko, Nagasawa Hiroki, Kanezashi Masakoto, Tsuru Toshinori
    The 10th Conference of Aseanian Membrane Society (AMS10), Jul. 2016, English, Nara Kasugano International Forum IRAKA, Nara, Japan, International conference
    Poster presentation

  • [Invited Lecture] Preparation and Gas Permeation Characteristics of Microporous Amorphous TiO2-ZrO2-Organic Chelate Membranes
    YOSHIOKA TOMOHISA, Ushio Yuuki, Nagasawa Hiroki, Kanezashi Masakoto, Tsuru Toshinori
    The 10th Conference of Aseanian Membrane Society (AMS10), Jul. 2016, English, International conference
    Invited oral presentation

  • Molecular simulation study of vapour and liquid phase permeation of water through organosilica membranes
    Yoshioka Tomohisa, Narukiyo Shintaro, Nagasawa Hiroki, Kanezashi Masakoto, Tsuru Toshinori
    15th International Conference on Inorganic Membranes (ICIM-14), Jul. 2016, English, Global Learning Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA, International conference
    Poster presentation

  • [Invited Lecture] Characterization of subnano-scale porous structures and gas permeation properties of microporous ceramic membranes
    Tomohisa Yoshioka
    40th International Conference and Exposition on Advanced Ceramics and Composites, Jan. 2016, English, Hilton Daytona Beach Resort and Ocean Center, Florida, USA, International conference
    [Invited]
    Invited oral presentation

■ Research Themes
  • 有機溶剤超ろ過(OSRO)膜の創製に基づく革新分離プロセスの基盤的構築
    松山 秀人, 後藤 雅宏, 都留 稔了, 吉岡 朋久, 長澤 寛規, 中川 敬三, 松岡 淳, 熊谷 和夫
    日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 基盤研究(A), 神戸大学, 01 Apr. 2025 - 31 Mar. 2029

  • 単分散ポリ乳酸による相分離構造制御とバイオマス分離膜材料への応用
    高田 皓一, 門多 丈治, 岡田 哲周, 中川 敬三, 吉岡 朋久
    日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 基盤研究(C), 地方独立行政法人大阪産業技術研究所, 01 Apr. 2025 - 31 Mar. 2028

  • Development of Highly Selective Organic Solvent Filtration Membranes Based on Formation of Regular Polyamide Network Channels
    中川 敬三, 松山 秀人, 吉岡 朋久
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Kobe University, 01 Apr. 2025 - 31 Mar. 2028

  • Development of ultrathin laminar nanosheet membranes with controlled 2-D channel structure for organic solvent filtration
    中川 敬三, 松山 秀人, 吉岡 朋久, Guan Kecheng
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Kobe University, 01 Apr. 2022 - 31 Mar. 2025
    本研究では種々のナノシート材料を支持膜上に積層することによって超薄型有機溶剤ろ過膜を作製し,2-Dチャネル内での有機溶剤透過メカニズムの解明および溶剤―溶質,溶剤―溶剤分離の検証を行う.有機架橋分子を層間に導入し,2-Dチャネル内での化学的相互作用を評価することで積層構造を精密に制御し,透過性や阻止性に寄与する因子を明らかにする.これにより革新的な高透過性ナノシート積層型有機溶剤ろ過膜を実現し,膜工学分野における新たな基礎学理を構築する. R5年度の研究では,GOナノシート積層膜のチャネル構造の制御を目的として,GO層間における金属有機構造体(MOF)ナノシートの形成,またGO層間への二次元物質であるポルフィリン分子の導入に関する検討を行った. 1. MOF-GO複合積層膜は,GO層間におけるZnOナノ粒子のソルボサーマル合成とGO層間の制限された2-Dチャネル内でのZnOからZn-TCPPへのin-situ変換を利用した2段階の方法で作製した.ZnOの合成時間や担持量を最適化することにより,2-Dチャネル内でZn-TCPPの優先配向が示され,水分子の透過パスが短くなり,19.0 L m-2 h-1 bar -1という高い透水性と高いアニオン性色素阻止率を達成した.またメタノールなどアルコール系溶媒への応用も可能であることを確認した. 2. GO積層膜へのポルフィリン(TPP: 5,10,15,20-Tetraphenylporphyrin)分子の導入によるOSN性能への影響について検討した.GO+TPP積層膜において,X線回折測定により積層構造に由来する回折ピークが観察され,TPP修飾により層間隔がわずかに増加することが確認された.またOSN性能を評価したところ,メタノール透過性が増加し,メタノール中のビタミンB12の阻止率は90%以上に向上した.TPP修飾により層間隔の拡大による流量の増加と,2Dチャネル内に部分的な立体障害が生まれたことによる分子ふるい効果の向上によるものと考えられる.

  • Development of ultrathin laminar nanosheet membranes with controlled 2-D channel structure for organic solvent filtration
    中川 敬三, 松山 秀人, 吉岡 朋久
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Kobe University, Apr. 2022 - Mar. 2025

  • 革新的水処理および創エネルギー技術の構築を目指した次世代型正浸透膜法の体系化
    松山 秀人, 松方 正彦, 比嘉 充, 小野 努, 吉岡 朋久, 神尾 英治, 中川 敬三, 佐伯 大輔, 松岡 淳
    日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 基盤研究(A), 神戸大学, Apr. 2021 - Mar. 2025
    1.新規水チャネル型FO膜の創製 1-1.環状ペプチド分子集合体チャネル膜の創製(松山、吉岡、佐伯):分子動力学計算に基づき分子設計された種々の環状ペプチドについて、リン脂質二分膜へ導入してペプチドチャネル型FO膜作成を行った。1-2.イオンビーム飛跡グラフト重合法によるナノウォーターチャネルFO膜の構築(比嘉):ポリエチレンフィルムにXeイオンビームを照射後、クロロメチルスチレンのグラフト重合を行うことでナノチャネル作成を試みた。照射前後の膜電位測定でグラフト鎖の導入を確認した。1-3.革新的ロバスト無機ゼオライトFO膜の創製(松方):孔構造の異なる支持体上にゼオライト膜を製膜しそのFO膜特性の評価を行った。支持体構造がゼオライト膜の水透過性に影響することが明らかになった。1-4.計算機科学による高機能FO膜開発支援 (吉岡):Amphotericin Bの環状ペプチドの一部の水酸基を水素に置換することで疎水化したチャネルモデルがより高い透水性を示すことを分子動力学(MD)シミュレーションで見出した。 2.新規刺激応答性駆動溶液(DS)の創製 2-1.熱応答性イオン液体DSの創製(小野、松岡):種々の水素結合性官能基を有するカチオンと、疎水的なアニオンであるbis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imideからなる数種の上限臨界溶液温度型イオン液体を開発した。2-2.刺激応答性有機ポリマーDSの開発(中川):親水的なエチレンオキサイド(EO)及び疎水的なブチレンオキサイド(BO)の共重合比によって相分離挙動を制御する下限臨界溶液温度型コポリマーDSを開発した。 3.FO膜透過とDS再生を含む連続システムによるFS評価とFO膜システムの実証(松山、神尾):開発DSを用いて連続再生するFOシステムのラボ実験を行い、透水性能評価とともに物質収支データを収集した。

  • Mechanism elucidation and control of efficient release of healing agent in self-healing coatings containing nanofibers
    矢吹 彰広, 吉岡 朋久, 李 志河
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Hiroshima University, Apr. 2020 - Mar. 2023
    本研究では,ナノファイバー含有自己修復性コーティングについてナノファイバーとポリマー界面におけるナノ空間の修復剤の物質移動に関して,吸水,脱着,溶解,拡散の解析による機構解明とその放出制御を目的として,3年間で計画されたものである。令和3年度は,研究計画調書にあげられている以下の2点を中心とした取り組みを行った。 1. 実験による修復剤の拡散放出挙動の解明 本年度は無機系修復剤の拡散放出挙動を実験的に求めた。ポリマーにはビスフェノール型エポキシ樹脂,無機系修復剤として亜硝酸ナトリウム,リン酸マグネシウム,ナノファイバーにはセルロースナノファイバーを用いた。これらを混合し,ナノファイバーおよび修復剤を添加したポリマーコーティングにおける拡散放出挙動について,紫外可視分光光度計による分析を行った。実験の結果,修復剤の放出挙動が変化することが分かった。
    2. 数理計算的アプローチ(分子動力学法)による修復剤の拡散挙動の解明 ポリマーとナノファイバーに界面における修復剤の拡散の分子動力学シミュレーションにはMaterials Studioを用いた。ナノファイバーとポリマーの界面における場の最適化を行った後に有機修復剤であるオレイン酸ナトリウム,無機修復剤である亜硝酸ナトリウムを用いて,拡散挙動についてシミュレーションを行った。計算の結果,有機修復剤はナノファイバーおよびポリマーに吸着したが,無機修復剤は吸着なしに拡散放出されることが分かった。

  • Depelopment of microporous TiO2-ZrO2-organic composite membranes with ultra-high permeability for organic solvent liquid phase separation
    吉岡 朋久, 中川 敬三, 新谷 卓司
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Kobe University, Apr. 2020 - Mar. 2023
    1) TiO2-ZrO2-有機キレート剤複合膜の純液体透過性評価 芳香族環を有し側鎖の異なる2種類の有機キレート剤(OCL, 4-tert-Butylcatechol (TBC),3,5-Di-tert-butylcatechol (DTBC))を用いてTiO2-ZrO2-OCL複合ゾル調製を行い,これらOCLが残存する300 ℃窒素中で焼成することによりTiO2-ZrO2-TBC膜 (M-TBC)とTiO2-ZrO2-DTBC膜 (M-DTBC)を作製した.水,各種アルコール,トルエンなどの有機溶剤の透過率を測定したところ,側鎖が2つであるM-DTBCの方が高透過性能であることが確認された.また,溶剤の粘度,分子占有面積,ハンセン溶解度パラメータの極性項を用いて整理することで,有機溶剤透過特性評価を行った.両膜共にこれらの因子に対して同様の傾向を示し,OCLの違いによる明確な透過機構の違いは認められなかった.一方,分子シミュレーションにより芳香族環分子が存在することで水透過性能が向上することを明らかとした. 2) ろ過・分離特性評価 分子量の異なるポリエチレングリコール水溶液の分画分子量(MWCO)測定から,M-TBC, M-DTBCいずれの膜もMWCOは約400程度であった.溶媒にメタノール,溶質に色素であるMethyl Orange (MO, Mw = 327),Acid Red (AR, Mw = 635)を用いて,有機溶剤中の色素阻止試験を行ったところ,90%以上の阻止率が観測され,ARの阻止性能は同等,MOの阻止性能はわずかに側鎖が1つであるM-TBCの方が高いことが示された.また,M-TBCはメタノール/トルエン(90/10 wt%)混合液の分離試験においてメタノール選択性(トルエン阻止率約60%)を示し,有機溶剤分離性能を有することが確認された.

  • Development of ultrathin separation membranes utilizing 2D nanosheet materials for water treatment
    Nakagawa Keizo
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Kobe University, Apr. 2019 - Mar. 2022
    Inorganic membranes have excellent chemical resistance and mechanical strength. Therefore, the inorganic membranes have a wide range of applications, a long membrane life, and relatively high separation property. However, there are problems in terms of permeance, membrane-forming, and manufacturing cost. In this study, we have developed ultrathin laminar membranes using graphene oxide and niobate nanosheets for water treatment. The composite membranes showed higher separation properties of salts than each single laminar membrane. From the results of structural analysis such as the positron annihilation method and molecular dynamics simulation, it was clarified that high separation performance is exhibited by the formation of an interfacial dense heterolayer between different nanosheet layers.

  • Matsuyama Hideto
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A), Kobe University, Apr. 2018 - Mar. 2022
    The forward osmosis (FO) membrane process is an ultimate energy-saving membrane separation water treatment method that utilizes the phenomenon of spontaneous water movement through osmotic pressure difference. In this study, we created an original, innovative, and highly water-permeable water channel substance specialized for forward osmosis process, created a channel-type FO membrane incorporating the water channel substance, and created a novel ionic liquid-type draw solution (DS) that is temperature-responsive and can be recovered and regenerated by thermal phase separation. We also developed a water treatment process using these membrane and DS, and achieved a significantly energy-saving seawater desalination process that consumes less energy than the conventional reverse osmosis membrane method.
    Competitive research funding

  • Development of highly functional stacked nanosheet membranes with antifouling property
    Nakagawa Keizo
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Kobe University, Apr. 2016 - Mar. 2019
    Porous inorganic membranes have advantages of high temperature resistance, chemical stability and mechanical strength, therefore, various researches for water treatment have been investigated. In this study, stacked nanosheet membranes utilizing two-dimensional nanosheets were fabricated for the development of functional inorganic membranes with superior water permeability, separation performance as well as high antifouling property. We have successfully fabricated the stacked nanosheet membranes with high structural stability using simple vacuum filtration method. The nanosheet membranes show high rejection against anionic organic dyes and divalent salts, which were found to act as nanofiltration. Furthermore, the fouling resistance with recovery function of water flux under ultraviolet light irradiation was also confirmed.

  • Development of technologies simulating the transport of micropollutants through reverse osmosis membrane for potable water reuse
    FUJIOKA Takahiro, YOSHIOKA Tomohisa
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (A), Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (A), Nagasaki University, Apr. 2016 - Mar. 2018
    This project evaluated the importance of membrane properties of reverse osmosis (RO) membranes on the transport of micropollutants, and identified that there could be RO skin layer properties other than skin layer thickness and free-volume hole-radius that govern water and solute permeation. In addition, this project applied a steric pore-flow model to predict the rejection of micropollutants, and found that their rejection can be predicted by estimating the free-volume hole-size with a single reference solute and membrane pure water permeability. This project also employed molecular dynamics (MD) simulation techniques to predict the transport behaviors of water and three N-nitrosamines. MD simulations showed that diffusivity of N-nitrosamines increased inversely with respect to their molecular size.

  • Matsuyama Hideto, MIYATA Takashi, KUMANO Atsuo
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A), Kobe University, Apr. 2015 - Mar. 2018
    In this study, innovative forward osmosis (FO) membranes and draw solutions (DSs) were developed for the purpose of construction of water treatment process with infinitely close to zero energy consumption. The water channel membrane with biomimetic property having high water permeability and high salt rejection, hydrogel membrane with micro-phase separation and electrostatic repulsion property, and robust inorganic membrane with high organic solvent resistance and high mechanical strength were successfully developed as FO membranes. In addition, photo-responsive DS and both carbon dioxide responsive and thermo-responsive DS were developed as novel regenerable DSs.
    Competitive research funding

  • Yoshioka Tomohisa
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Apr. 2015 - Mar. 2018, Principal investigator
    Organic chelating ligands could be remained in a ceramic membrane when it was calcined at 350 dgree C in nitrogen atmosphere. TiO2-ZrO2-Dopaine sol coated membranes on alumina support showed a CO2/N2 permeation ratio of 20 at 35 degree C, which indicated that TiO2-ZrO2-based gas separation membranes could be prepared. On the other hand, TiO2-ZrO2 membranes, prepared by removing organic chelate ligand as a template for forming porous structures, had fractionation performance of molecular weight cut-off around 2,000. This type of membrane is promising for a nanofiltration membrane. From the results of non-equilibrium molecular dynamics permeation simulations under a pressure gradient condition, molecular permeation flux would depend on interaction of permeating molecules with pore surface.
    Competitive research funding

  • Photo-induced sol-gel processing for low-temperature fabrication of high-performance silsesquioxane membranes for use in molecular separation
    Tsuru Toshinori, YOSHIOKA TOMOHISA, KANEZASHI MASAKOTO
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research, Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research, Hiroshima University, Apr. 2013 - Mar. 2016
    Silsesquioxane (SQ) has demonstrated properties that are seen in both silica (SiO2, inorganic) and silicone (organic). Conventionally, SQ-derived sols are coated onto ceramic supports, followed by firing at 200~400C, which facilitates further condensation to form a SQ separation layer with high separation performance. In this work, we proposed, for the first time, the strategy for fabricating silsesquioxane (SQ) membranes at low temperature using photo-induced sol-gel processing. Radical and cationic polymerization of SQ membranes showed high degrees of separation factor and permeance for water/isopropanol separation in pervaporation.

  • Development of extremely thin Molecular-Net-Sieving membranes
    TSURU Toshinori, GUNGI Takahiro, ITO Kenji, YOSHIOKA Tomohisa, KANEZASHI Masakoto
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A), Hiroshima University, Apr. 2012 - Mar. 2015
    A novel concept of Molecular-Net-Sieving (MNS) where space consisting of networks can separate molecules based on the molecular sieving mechanism is proposed for the development of extremely high H2 permeable membranes. New silicon-based alkoxides and oligomers were prepared, and positron annihilation spectroscopy was applied to evaluate the pore structures. In addition, Molecular-Net-Sieving membranes were prepared from various types of precursors and characterized. Molecular-Net-Sieving membranes were confirmed to show higher hydrogen permeance higher than 1x10-6 mol m-2 Pa-1 s-1, and high separation factors for H2/propane (>1,000) and H2/SF6 (>10,000).

  • Development of microporous carbon-ceramic membranes by reactive thermal CVD of organic gases
    YOSHIOKA TOMOHISA, KANEZASHI Masakoto
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Hiroshima University, Apr. 2012 - Mar. 2015
    Three types of organic precursors of propylene (C3H6), isobutylene (iso-C4H8), and toluene were employed and counter diffusion CVD technique was used to prepare carbon-SiO2 membranes. Organic gas diluted by nitrogen were fed from outside of the cylinder shaped Al2O3 substrate and also nitrogen diluted oxygen gas was fed from inside the substrate to meet a carbon precorsor preferably in pores of SiO2-ZrO2 intermediate layer on the substrate. After counter diffusion CVD operation at 400 C using C3H6 as a precursor, helium permeance at 200 C was 3.9 x 10-7 mol m-2 s-1 Pa-1 with He/N2 and He/SF6 selectivity of 27 and 215, respectively. For the case of iso-C4H8 and toluene as precursors, helium permeance of 2.8 x 10-7 and 1.0 x 10-7 mol m-2 s-1 Pa-1 with improved He/N2 and He/SF6 selectivity of 74, 343 for iso-C4H8, and 121, and 1620 for toluene, respectively, were obtained, possibly due to the large molecular size of precursor.

  • Silica network engineering for advanced separation membranes
    TOSHINORI Tsuru, YOSHIOKA Tomohisa, KANEZASHI Maskoto, OHSHITA Joji
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Hiroshima University, 2009 - 2011
    Structured alkoxides consisting of organic functional groups as pendant groups or main chain have been proposed for the control of amorphous silica networks. We proposed Normalized Knudsen-based Permeance(NKP) to evaluate pore sizes less than 1 nm. Bis(triethoxysilyl) ethane(BTESE)-derived silica membranes were found to show high permeability and selectivity to gas separation(H2/ organic gases), dehydration of organic solutions, and reverse osmosis

  • Development of characterization method for sub-nano scale small voids of amorphous materials by multi probe gas diffusion technique.
    YOSHIOKA Tomohisa, KANEZASHI Masakoto
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Hiroshima University, 2009 - 2011
    A novel equipment and technique for characterization of small void volume of microporous powder sample were developed based on the volumetric method by using various gas molecules as a probe molecule. As microporous materials, the porous powder sample of amorphous silica and BTESE(bis-triethoxysilyl ethane) silica was prepared, and the detailed void structure was evaluated using the multi-probe gas molecular diffusion method. This technique enables us to estimate the difference in the sub-nano scale void structure of these amorphous materials. The validity of this technique verified by evaluating the void volume of Y type zeolite whose micro structure is well known, and the theoretical pore volume was successfully obtained. The difference in the structure of amorphous silica and BTESE silica was examined also by the molecular simulation. The simulated molecular size dependence of gas diffusivity in these small void structures showed good correlation with the void volume distribution measured with the multi-probe gas molecular diffusion method.

  • Dynamics in Nano-Confined Spaces within Structured Porous Membranes and Their Application to Advanced Separation Systems
    都留 稔了, 吉岡 朋久
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Hiroshima University, 2007 - 2008
    本研究では,ナノ〜サブナノ細孔における液相系の透過機構の解明と高度分離システムへの応用を目的とし,以下を具体的な研究実績とする。 (1)細孔構造および表面特性を制御したナノ多孔性膜の作製 これまでに製膜実績のあるSiO_2,TiO_2を用いて,ゾルーゲル法により平均細孔径0.5nm〜5nmを有する多孔膜の作製を行った。有機無機ハイブリッド膜は,セラミック多孔膜をまず作製した後にシランカップリング剤を用いて細孔内表面の疎水化を行うpost-modification法と,疎水基を有するアルコキシドを用い疎水ゾルを調製するin-situ法によった。特に,今年度はTEOSとMTESを用いる疎水ゾル(Me-SiO2)ゾルの調製条件を詳細に検討し,濃度およびTEOS/MTES比により,1nmまでの疎水性細孔制御に成功した。 (2)ナノ多孔性膜および膜材料の特性評価 膜細孔径のナノ細孔評価として,ナノパームポロメトリー法を用い0.5〜50nmの細孔径を測定した。コーティング膜の各種溶媒の接触角を測定することで,Me-SO2の臨界表面自由エネルギーは35-20J/m^2であり,ヘキサンでは完全濡れが期待できること,従って水とヘキサンでのナノパームポロメトリー測定を行なうことで,ナノ細孔の親疎水性を定量的に評価できることを明らかとした。 (3)透過性評価と分離システムへの応用:ナノ制限空間のダイナミクス ヘキサン溶媒中の微量水分の影響について検討した結果,水分濃度にかかわらずMeSiO2膜は安定した透過流束を示した。また,平均細孔径1.7nmのMe-SiO2膜のアルカン溶質の阻止特性を評価した結果,極めて滝透過性を示すと共に,分画分子量1000程度であることを明らかとした。

  • Control of metal doped amorphous frame structures and development of effective void space for gas separation membranes, using molecular dynamics simulations
    YOSHIOKA Tomohisa, TSURU Toshinori
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Hiroshima University, 2007 - 2008
    多孔性セラミック気体分離膜材料として, 金属添加シリカおよびジルコニアコロイドゾルを調製し, ゲル粉体試料の構造を評価した. これらのセラミック材料を用いることにより, 高透過選択性と安定性を有する多孔性セラミック水素分離膜の作製が可能であった. また, 様々な構造を有するアモルファスシリカ膜における気体透過現象を分子動力学シミュレーションにより再現し, 気体透過特性とアモルファス多孔性セラミック膜構造の関係を明らかとした.

  • 中温度域での完全水素分離を可能とする新規なセラミック膜の創製
    都留 稔了, 吉岡 朋久
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Exploratory Research, Grant-in-Aid for Exploratory Research, Hiroshima University, 2006 - 2007
    本研究では,シリカあるいはチタニアなどのセラミックスを膜材料として用い,選択的溶解機構に基づく新規な水素分離膜を提案している。まず,シリカ,チタニアおよびリンとの複合酸化物材料を用い,プロトン伝導性薄膜の創製を行ない,このプロトン伝導性に電子伝導性を付与すると,水素分離膜を創製することが可能となると考えられる。本研究では,この新たな水素透過機構に基づく,100-300℃での中温度域で完全水素選択性を示すセラミック膜を創製するために,以下の2種類のゾルゲル法でプロトン伝導膜の創製を行なった。 ・メソポーラスTiO_2/Tipペレット膜の開発 チタンアルコキシドをH_3PO_4触媒を用いて,メソポーラスTiO_2を作製した.従来法TiO_2と比較して比表面積が2〜4倍増加し,TiO_2(H_3PO_4)のP/Ti=0.5では最も高い比表面積262m^2/gを示した。このメソポーラスチタニアに,チタンリンゾル(TiP)をコーティングすることで,電気伝導率は200℃,水蒸気3kPa下においても高い電気伝導率14mS/cmを示すことを見出した。 ・TiO_2-P_2O_5薄膜の開発 ゾル調製時にP源としてP_2O_5(五酸化二リン)とTBOT(テトラブチルオルトチタネート)を用い,新規チタン-リン膜の作製を行い,薄膜としてプロトン伝導特性や特性評価を行った。この手法では,1stepで香典同物質の創製の可能性がある。TiO_2-P_2O_5薄膜は湿度増加と共に伝導率が一次関数的に増加し,TiO_2(P_2O_5)[P/Ti=2]は,100℃,80%RH下において最も高い伝導率180mS/cmを示した.さらにTiO_2(P_2O_5)[P/Ti=9]は,160℃,100%RH下で3S/cmとNafion膜と比較して約30倍の性能を示すことを明らかにした。

  • 多孔性無機材料による気体分離膜設計のための分子動力学膜シミュレータの開発
    吉岡 朋久
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B), Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B), Hiroshima University, 2005 - 2006
    本年度は,アモルファスシリカ膜における気体透過現象を分子動力学シミュレーションにより再現することを目的として,気体透過特性におよぼす膜構成原子の動特性と膜細孔径分布の影響に着目して,以下のとおり研究を実施した. 1.シリカポリマーネットワーク膜モデルの妥当性評価とポテンシャルパラメータの最適化 分子の膜透過という動特性が分子シミュレーションで再現できているかが重要であり,これは,膜を構成する分子のポテンシャル関数およびポテンシャルパラメータをどのように設定するかに大きく左右される.アモルファスシリカ構造を規定する3体ポテンシャルパラメータの値を変化させて動径分布関数およびシリカ膜を構成する酸素原子の平均二乗変位を計算した結果,原子の平衡位置,すなわちアモルファス構造を維持したままでシリカネットワークの動きを制御することが可能であることがわかった.また気体透過速度の温度依存性より得られる活性化エネルギーは膜構成原子の動きを抑制した場合に大きくなった. 2.多元的細孔膜モデルの構築と膜透過シミュレータとしての妥当性評価 シリカネットワーク相の細孔径分布は原子密度に依存し,密度の増加にともなって平均細孔径は減少したが,密度1.8g/ml以上においては粒界的な細孔は消失し,He透過速度の温度依存性はその密度を境としてKnudsen的な透過から活性化的な傾向へと変化した.1.8g/mlの膜モデルでは実在CO_2分離膜における透過速度と近い結果が得られたが,H_2分離膜に比べて活性化エネルギーは小さかったことから,H_2分離膜のシリカネットワーク相はより高密度であると考えられる.粒子間細孔モデルを用いたCO_2透過シミュレーション結果と密度1.8g/ml膜モデルにおけるHe透過速度の結果を組み合わせて実在CO_2分離膜における気体透過速度データにフィッティングしたところ,およそ18nm四方に1個の割合で粒子間細孔が存在することが示唆され,これは,実在シリカ膜作製時に使用したコロイド粒子サイズを考慮すると妥当な結果であった.

  • Preparation of nano-structured proton conductive ceramic membranes and membrane electrode assembly (MEA) system
    TSURU Toshinori, ASAEDA Masashi, YOSHIOKA Tomohisa
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), HIROSHIMA UNIVERSITY, 2004 - 2005
    Titanium phosphorus oxide (TiP) and composites with titania (Ti/TiP) were prepared by a sol-gel method. Tip membranes coated on slide glasses showed high electrical conductivities based on surface resistivity measurements at 150℃. The conductivities increased drastically with the partial pressure of water in the range of 0 to 10 kPa, and showed an electrical conductivity as high as 10^<-2> S/cm at a vapor pressure of 2.5 kPa (relative humidity of 0.5 RH%). Two types of membrane-electrode assemblies (MEAs) : a pore-filling-type and a thin-film-type, were constructed using Anodisc【○!R】, a porous alumina membrane (pore size : 100 nm ; thickness 60 μm). The proton transport number through the pore-filling type MEA was found to be approximately one. The two types of MEAs were successfully used in fuel cell experiments in a hydrogen/ air system. The performance of the thin-film-type MEA was superior to the pore-filling-type MEA. Moreover, two types of thin-film type of MEAs were prepared using electrically-conductive porous carbon substrates. MEA-2, which were prepared after fabricating an intermediate layer consisting of mixtures of carbon particles and polyimide, showed a better i-v performance than MEA-1, which were prepared directly on porous carbon substrate.

  • 多孔性ガス分離膜における分子充填透過機構の解明とサブナノ膜細孔径分布評価への応用
    吉岡 朋久
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B), Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B), Hiroshima University, 2003 - 2004
    1.凝縮性ガス透過シミュレーションによるマイクロ孔充填・透過機構の検討 非平衡分子動力学法を用いて凝縮性ガス(エタン)の透過シミュレーションを行ったところ,マイクロ孔充填相の形成による透過速度の低下が見られ,その際の圧力は細孔径が大きい方が高くなった.また,透過分子の蒸発エネルギーと吸着エネルギーを用いてマイクロ孔充填相の移動モデルを構築し,細孔径分布を考慮して数値シミュレーションを行ったところ,透過分子と膜細孔表面との相互作用および細孔径分布に由来する透過速度の減少傾向が良好に再現され,分子充填相透過現象を利用したサブナノ細孔径分布評価の理論的妥当性が示された. 2.凝縮性ガスの膜材料表面との相互作用エネルギーの評価 膜材料のシリカコロイドゾルを乾燥させ,1000℃で焼成して作成した非多孔性粉体試料における標準凝縮性ガス(エタン,プロパン,ブタン)の吸着等温線を測定し,Frenkel吸着理論を用いて各ガスとシリカ材料との相互作用パラメータを求めた.シリンダー状の細孔形状を仮定することにより,非多孔性固体表面との相互作用パラメータを基準として,細孔内ポテンシャル場の細孔径依存性を得る手法を確立した. 3.膜細孔径分布評価法の妥当性の検討 平均細孔径が異なる3種類の実在多孔性シリカ膜において,標準凝縮性ガスの透過速度の圧力依存性を測定した.標準凝縮性ガスの細孔内ポテンシャルと細孔径の関係および吸着ポテンシャル理論を用いて,透過速度の圧力依存性を透過速度と細孔径の関係に換算することにより,ガス透過に有効な細孔径分布を推算可能であった.どの凝縮性ガスを標準ガスとして用いてもそれぞれの膜について同様な細孔径分布が得られ,また,透過速度の分子サイズ依存性から予測された細孔径との定量的な一致も見られ,マイクロ孔充填相透過モデルを利用したサブナノ膜細孔径分布評価法の妥当性が示唆された.

  • 新規な透過原理に基づく完全水素選択性セラミック膜の創製
    都留 稔了, 吉岡 朋久
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Exploratory Research, Grant-in-Aid for Exploratory Research, Hiroshima University, 2002 - 2003
    アモルファス状態のシリカやチタニアなど酸化物はその分子構造がネットワーク構造を有し,ヘリウムや水素分子のみが透過可能,あるいは,ヘリウムや水素分子すら透過困難な微小な細孔を形成する。このネットワークにはsiOH基あるいはTiOH基が存在し,これらのOH基のHは水素イオンとして拡散移動することが可能であり,高いプロトン伝導性を示すことが示されている。本研究では,シリカあるいはチタニアを用い,プロトン伝導性薄膜の創製を行うことを研究目的としている。プロトン伝導性が発現することが明らかとなれば,プロトン伝導性を有するセラミックスと白金などの電子伝導性材料をナノサイズで並列複合化することで,新規な水素分離膜の創製が可能になると考えられる。 昨年度は,プロトン伝導性薄膜の創製に関する研究を行ない,チタンテトライソプロポキシド(TTIP)とリン酸を出発原料とするチタンリン複合酸化物は,高いプロトン伝導性を有することを明らかとした。 今年度は,ゾルゲル法によりチタンリン複合酸化物をスライドガラス,SUS管,Anodisc,カーボンシート上に製膜する手法を確立した。さらに,表面抵抗および体積抵抗の測定により,温度50-300℃,湿度0-10%におけるプロトン伝導率の評価を行ない,300℃,水蒸気圧50kPaにおいても0.01S/cm程度の高い値を示すこと,150℃では水蒸気が5kPa程度(相対湿度で約1%)で10^<-1>S/cm程度に増加することも明らかとした。高温水蒸気下では,電気伝導率は徐々に低下することが示され,EDX測定より膜中のリンが減少していることが明らかとなった。そこで,製膜直後のチタンリン複合酸化物を水中へ浸漬することによって,膜の安定性が向上することを見出した。

  • Preparation of catalytic membranes with controlled structure and its application to membrane reaction
    TSURU Toshinori, MUTOU Haruhiko, YOSHIOKA Tomohisa, ASAEDA Masashi, YOSHIDA Kazuhiro
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), HIROSHIMA UNIVERSITY, 2001 - 2003
    Catalytic membrane reactors were investigated using two types of catalytic membranes : MFI membranes which had separation ability and catalytic activity in the top layer and silica membranes which had separation ability in the top layer and catalytic activity in the supporting layer. MFI zeolite membranes having different Si/Al ratios were prepared by secondary growth of crystalline colloidal seeds under hydrothermal conditions. An MFI membrane of Si/Al=∞ showed a n-C_4H_<10> permeance of 1.5x10^<-5> m^3(STP)m^<-2>s^<-1>kPa^<-1> and a n/i-C_4H_<10> selectivity of 15 at 150℃. By addition of Al into MFI membranes, the zeolite layers appear to be randomly-oriented and n/i-C_4H_<10> selectivities were decreased. Methylation of toluene using MFI catalytic membrane reactors was carried out from 400-500 ℃. Toluene conversions increased with reaction temperature and p-xylene selectivity achieved was 80 % at maximal, suggesting the effectiveness of MFI catalytic membrane reactors. Methane steam reforming with and without added oxygen was theoretically and experimentally investigated using microporous silica membranes, which allow the permeation of hydrogen as well as other gases in reactants and products. A simulation of catalytic membrane reactors was carried out for a co-current, isothermal, and plug-flow-type membrane reactor with the selective permeation of hydrogen through microporous membranes. Catalytic membrane reactors, consisting of a silica microporous layer and a Ni-catalyst layer, were prepared. Catalytic membrane reactors showing a hydrogen selectivity over nitrogen of 30-100 with hydrogen permeances of 0.5-3x10^<-7> mol m^<-2>s^<-1>Pa^<-1> were applied to the steam reforming of methane with and without the addition of oxygen. The reaction was carried out at 500 ℃, and the feed and permeate pressure were maintained at 100 and 20 kPa, respectively. Methane conversion, X_, increased up to approximately 0.8 beyond the equilibrium conversion of 0.44 by extracting hydrogen in permeate stream.

  • Photocatalytic Membrane Reactors Using Porous Titanium Oxide Membranes
    TSURU Toshinori, YOSHIOKA Tomohisa, ASAEDA Masashi
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Hiroshima University, 2000 - 2001
    A new type of photocatalytic reaction system in which the titanium dioxide itself is immobilized as a porous membrane capable of not only filtration but also photocatalytic reaction was proposed. The advantages of the system are (1) the forced transport of reactants by convection to TiO_2 membranes ; this would be quite effective for dilute-solution systems where diffusion of reactants limits the total reaction rate, (2) oxidation reaction on the outer and inner surface of porous TiO_2 membranes where high concentrations of OH radicals can be expected, and (3) the possibility to obtain permeate stream oxidized with OH radicals after one-pass permeation through the TiO_2 membranes. Moreover, it is possible to combine selectivity for reactants and products by controlled pore sizes of TiO_2 membranes. For the system of purification of polluted water, purified water would be obtained in the permeate stream by oxidation of pollutants while permeating through the TiO_2 membranes. The decomposition ratio of trichloroethylene (TCE) in permeate stream over that in feed stream was achieved to 60 %, when TGE solutions of approximately 1 ppm was fed to a porous titanium dioxide membrane, that is, the photocatalytic membrane reactor, under blacklight irradiation. On the other hand, no difference in concentration between feed and permeate was observed without the irradiation. Enhanced reactivity with membrane filtration was confirmed in a total recycle system, compared with reaction without filtration.

  • 計算機支援によるガス分離用多孔性セラミック膜のin-situ細孔径評価法の開発
    吉岡 朋久
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Encouragement of Young Scientists (A), Grant-in-Aid for Encouragement of Young Scientists (A), Hiroshima University, 2000 - 2001
    1.透過相互作用エネルギーの評価 本研究では,細孔壁ポテンシャル場によりボルツマン分布則に従ってバルク気相とは密度が異なるガス状分子の細孔内ガス透過モデルを提案した.昨年度の研究により,その妥当性が示された微細孔内ガス透過モデルを用いて,多孔性シリカ膜における数種類のガスの透過速度の温度依存性より透過に有効な細孔表面と透過ガス分子との間に働く引力相互作用を算出すると,二酸化炭素分子の場合で数千から十数J/mol,窒素,アルゴン,酸素分子の場合で数百から数千J/molという値が得られた.膜材料として用いたシリカコロイドから作成した粉体試料において,二酸化炭素および窒素の吸着量を測定すると,同一平衡圧力下において,二酸化炭素の吸着量の方が窒素の吸着量に較べて数倍程度大きく,多孔性シリカ膜におけるガス透過実験から得られた相互作用との定性的傾向の一致が見られた.また,分子動力学法を用いた微細孔内のガス透過シミュレーションにおいても,透過速度から得られた細孔内ポテンシャル場の深さと,実際に設定したポテンシャルパラメータから算出されるポテンシャル場の大きさが定量的に一致し,透過モデルによる相互作用エネルギー評価法の妥当性が示された. 2.平均有効膜細孔径評価法の妥当性の検討 分子種と細孔径に依存する相互作用エネルギーの大きさから細孔径を直接的に評価することは困難であった.しかし,膜細孔内ポテンシャル場を考慮したガス透過モデル式は,細孔構造に由来するパラメータC_pを含み,その値と透過ガス分子径との間に相関関係があることが見いだされた.即ち,ガス透過速度の温度依存性に透過モデル式をフィッティングすることにより得られたC_pの値と透過分子径の関係より,透過に有効な平均細孔径の値を具体的に求めることができた.その結果を,既存の細孔径評価法である,分子プローブ法やナノパームポロメトリによる評価値と比較すると,5〜15Åの平均細孔径を有する複数の膜において良好な一致が見られた.これより,ガス分離に有効と考えられるミクロ孔を有する多孔性シリカ膜において,ガス透過に有効な平均細孔径を,ガス透過実験によりin-situでかつ簡便に評価可能であることが示された.

  • Permeation and separation of organic solvents by porous inorganic membranes
    TSURU Toshinori, YOSHIOKA Tomohisa, ASAEDA Masashi
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Hiroshima University, 1998 - 1999
    The purpose of the present study is to prepare porous ceramic membranes having various size of pore diameters and investigate the permeation performance of ceramic membranes. Ceramic membranes, which were prepared by sl-gel procedure, We have successfully prepared porous ceramic membranes from silica-zirconia composite colloidal sol solutions We have found that the transport mechanism of liquids through ceramic membrane having relatively large pores (larger than 70 nm) obeys the viscous flow mechanism, while the transport mechanism deviated from the viscous flow mechanism for membranes having smaller pore sizes. The reason was speculated that the affinity between permeating molecules and membrane surface and size plays an important role in determining permeation mechanism. Reverse osmosis experiments were carried out for several types of solutes in ethanol solutions. Solutes sued were n-hexane (CィイD26ィエD2HィイD214ィエD2, molecular weight 86), n-decane (CィイD210ィエD2HィイD222ィエD2, MW 142), and n-teradecane (CィイD214ィエD2HィイD230ィエD2, MW 142) as alkane solutes, and n-hexanol (CィイD26ィエD2HィイD213ィエD2OH, MW 102), n-octanol (CィイD28ィエD2HィイD217ィエD2OH, MW 130), n-decanol (CィイD210ィエD2HィイD221ィエD2OH, MW 1258) and alcohols. Solutes were rejected by porous membranes having pore size smaller than 1 nm. Rejection at 3 MPa and 60℃ ranges from 0.4 to 0.8, depending on the type of molecular weights. We have found that separation of organic molecular mixtures cane be separated by porous ceramic membrane in reverse osmosis. Analysis of transport mechanism suggested that diffusivity in pores was significantly affected by viscosity of solvents in pores.

  • Methane steam reforming by membrane reactor combined with hydrogen separation membranes at high temperature
    ASAEDA Masashi, YOSHIOKA Tomohisa, TSURU Toshinori
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A), HIROSHIMA UNIVERSITY, 1996 - 1997
    The purpose of the present study is preparation of hydrogen semi-permeable membranes by sol-gel method and the application of the membranes for methane steam reformig (CH_4=CO+3H_2, CO+H_2O=CO_2+H_2. Methane steam reforming is a reaction governed by the thermodynamic equilibrium where removing one of the products (H_2 or CO,CO_2) could shift the equilibrium conversion. Ceramic ultramicroporous membranes which have permselectivity towards hydrogen were found to be prepared by colloidal routes of silica-zirconia and silica, and found to have excellent stability at high temperature up to 550 ゚C ; however, the membrane permselectivity decreased with time in steam atmosphere because of further sintering of the separation layr. We have found that firing the coated membranes in steam atmosphere was effective to improve the stability at high temperature (500-570 ゚C) even in steam atmohsphere. Afterwards, the hydrogen semipermeable membranes were coated with nickel nitrate having catalytic activity for steam reforming to be converted to so-called catalytic membranes, and applied for the methane steam reforming. Without removing hydrogen in the permeate stream, that is, in conventional reaction system, the reaction conversion was 45 %, which was below the equilibrium conversion (65%) at 450 ゚C.By removing hydrogen from the permeate stream, the conversion increased up to 75%, which clearly shows that catalytic membrane system was effective to shif the apparent equilibrium of the conversion and improve the productivity of the reaction.

  • 無機ナノフィルトレーション膜の開発と有機溶媒中の溶質分離への応用
    都留 稔了, 吉岡 朋久, 浅枝 正司
    日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業 基盤研究(C), 基盤研究(C), 広島大学, 1996 - 1996
    ゾル-ゲル法により逆浸透膜と限外濾過膜の中間の分画分子量を有する無機ナノ濾過膜(分画分子量200〜1000)を開発し,無機材料の耐溶剤性を生かした有機溶媒中の低・中分子量物質のナノ濾過分離を行うことを研究目的とする。 まず,シリカ-ジルコニアコロイドゾルの調整条件の検討を行い,5〜100nmの範囲で粒径のそろったゾルの調整方法を確立した。多孔質α-アルミナ管(孔径1μm)を支持管とし,種々の粒径のコロイドゾルを段階的にホットコーティングし,乾燥・焼成することで分離機能性を有するセラミック薄膜の製膜を行なった。 溶媒として種々の分子サイズのアルコール(メタノール,エタノール,プロパノール,ブタノール)を選定し,種々の細孔径(1, 2, 3, 8, 70nm)のシリカ-ジルコニア膜の溶媒単成分の透過実験を20〜60℃の範囲で行った。細孔径70nmの膜の透過流速は,粘度の逆数に対して直線となる粘性流れを示したのに対して,1〜8nmの膜は直線とはならず,粘性流れに従わないことを明らかとした。また,溶媒分子径が大きなほど,細孔径が小さくなるなど,溶媒透過の活性化エネルギーは増加したが,これは細孔との相互作用(分子ふるい性,吸着など)に依存していると考えられる。 低・中分子量物質のモデル溶質として,分子量200〜2000のポリエチレングリコールを用い,メタノール溶媒中での透過実験を行った。細孔径1, 2, 3nmの膜の分画分子量は300, 600, 1000であり,有機溶媒ナノ濾過膜の開発に成功した。また,2nmの膜を用い,エタノールおよびメタノール中での溶質阻止性を検討した結果,大きくは阻止率は変わらないものの,溶媒種に依存していることが示唆された。

  • 高温水素混合ガス分離用多孔性セラミック膜の開発
    浅枝 正司, 吉岡 朋久, 都留 稔了
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas, Hiroshima University, 1996 - 1996
    本研究の目的は,高温下で安定な水素分離膜を作製し,水の熱化学分解反応を利用した水素製造プロセスであるUT3サイクルへの応用することである。UT3サイクルでは,反応物であるH_2-H_2-HBr混合系から,生成物である水素を300-500℃で効率的に分離精製する必要がある。したがって,分離対象には大量の水蒸気および酸であるHBrが存在するため,耐酸性に優れると考えられるシリカを膜材料として選定した。 種々のシリカ膜を用いてH_2-H_2O-HBr(モル比H_2=70-75%,HBr=1-2%)混合蒸気の分離実験を500℃で行った。H_2が優先透過し,H_2/HBrの分離係数は約100-500を示し,H_2/H_2Oは3-25程度の値を示した。透過係数の順序は,ヘリウム>水素>水>窒素>臭化水素であり,分子サイズに基づく分子ふるいによる分離性が示唆される。温度依存性を検討したところ,ヘリウム,水素単成分は活性化拡散を示し,単成分水素の透過係数は,H_2-H_2O-HBr混合気体での透過係数とよく一致した。水蒸気,および,臭化水素の透過係数の温度依存性は小さかった。また,混合蒸気の分離実験後に純成分気体の透過係数の測定を行ったところ,混合蒸気透過実験前後とほとんど変化しておらず,シリカ膜は酸に対して安定していることが示唆される。 水素/臭化水素透過係数比は水素/窒素透過係数比と強く相関しており,水素/水蒸気透過係数比はヘリウム/水素透過係数比と比較的よい相関を示していた。動的分子径がH_2=2.89,H_2O=2.65,HBr=3.5,N_2=3.64Åであり,HBrとN_2の分子サイズは比較的近接していることから,分離挙動は良い相関を示したと考えられる。臭化水素と窒素は,膜に残存する比較的大きな細孔やピンホール透過し,水蒸気,水素,ヘリウムは微細孔を膜透過していると考えられる。従って,より高選択の水素分離膜を開発するためには,ピンホールの少ない,微細な細孔とする必要があることが明らかとした。

  • 多孔性無機膜における分子透過・分離機構に関する研究
    Competitive research funding

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