畠中 知子 | ![]() |
ハタナカ トモコ | |
大学院農学研究科 資源生命科学専攻 | |
准教授 | |
農学関係 |
[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
研究論文(学術雑誌)
Abstract Triacylglycerols (TAGs) are the major component of plant storage lipids such as oils. Acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) catalyzes the final step of the Kennedy pathway, and is mainly responsible for plant oil accumulation. We previously found that the activity of Vernonia DGAT1 was distinctively higher than that of Arabidopsis and soybean DGAT1 in a yeast microsome assay. In this study, the DGAT1 cDNAs of Arabidopsis, Vernonia, soybean, and castor bean were introduced into Arabidopsis. All Vernonia DGAT1-expressing lines showed a significantly higher oil content (49% mean increase compared with the wild-type) followed by soybean and castor bean. Most Arabidopsis DGAT1-overexpressing lines did not show a significant increase. In addition to these four DGAT1 genes, sunflower, Jatropha, and sesame DGAT1 genes were introduced into a TAG biosynthesis-defective yeast mutant. In the yeast expression culture, DGAT1s from Arabidopsis, castor bean, and soybean only slightly increased the TAG content; however, DGAT1s from Vernonia, sunflower, Jatropha, and sesame increased TAG content >10-fold more than the former three DGAT1s. Three amino acid residues were characteristically common in the latter four DGAT1s. Using soybean DGAT1, these amino acid substitutions were created by site-directed mutagenesis and substantially increased the TAG content.
Oxford University Press (OUP), 2022年05月13日, Journal of Experimental Botany, 73 (9), 3030 - 3043, 英語, 国際誌[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
CO2-responsive CCT protein (CRCT) is a positive regulator of starch synthesis-related genes such as ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase large subunit 1 and starch branching enzyme I particularly in the leaf sheath of rice (Oryza sativa L.). The promoter GUS analysis revealed that CRCT expressed exclusively in the vascular bundle, whereas starch synthesis-related genes were expressed in different sites such as mesophyll cell and starch storage parenchyma cell. However, the chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) using a FLAG-CRCT overexpression line and subsequent qPCR analyses showed that the 5 '-flanking regions of these starch synthesis-related genes tended to be enriched by ChIP, suggesting that CRCT can bind to the promoter regions of these genes. The monomer of CRCT is 34.2 kDa; however, CRCT was detected at 270 kDa via gel filtration chromatography, suggesting that CRCT forms a complex in vivo. Immunoprecipitation and subsequent MS analysis pulled down several 14-3-3-like proteins. A yeast two-hybrid analysis and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays confirmed the interaction between CRCT and 14-3-3-like proteins. Although there is an inconsistency in the place of expression, this study provides important findings regarding the molecular function of CRCT to control the expression of key starch synthesis-related genes.
WILEY, 2021年08月, Plant Cell and Environment, 44 (8), 2480 - 2493, 英語[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
We screened 80 Asian rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars for the presence of the submergence-tolerance gene SUB1A-1 and the floating genes SNORKEL1 (SK1) and SNORKEL2 (SK2), and found that the deepwater rice cultivar Baisbish (BSB) and the submergence-tolerant cultivar Flood Resistant 13A (FR13A) both possess the SUB1A-1 and the SK1/2. When BSB and FR13A seedlings were completely submerged, spindly growth of shoots was induced in BSB but not in FR13A. Submergence significantly increased the SUB1A-1 transcript abundance in BSB and FR13A shoots, but the expression level in BSB was much lower than that of FR13A. Submergence also induced the expression of both ERF66 and ERF67, the transcriptional targets of SUB1A-1, in FR13A shoots, whereas it upregulated the expression of ERF67 but not that of ERF66 in BSB shoots. These results suggest that BSB could not display submergence tolerance due to the low expression of SUB1A-1 and/or ERF66 under submergence.
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2021年07月, Plant Production Science, 英語[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
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研究論文(学術雑誌)
[査読有り][招待有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
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研究論文(学術雑誌)
The relationship between ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) and Rubisco activase (Rca) levels was studied using transgenic rice overexpressing maize Rca (OX-mRca) and knockdown transgenic rice expressing antisense Rca (KD-Rca). The ratio of Rubisco to total soluble protein was lower in OX-mRca, whereas it was higher in KD-Rca than in WT, indicating that Rca expression was negatively correlated with Rubisco content. The expressions of other Calvin–Benson–Bassham cycle enzymes such as sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase and phosphoribulokinase analyzed by immunoblotting did not show such a negative correlation with Rca, suggesting that the effect of Rca on protein expression may be specific for Rubisco. Although Rubisco content was decreased in OX-mRca, the transcript levels of the Rubisco large subunit (OsRbcL) and the Rubisco small subunit mostly increased in OX-mRca as well as in KD-Rca. Additionally, polysome loading of OsRbcL was slightly higher in OX-mRca than it was in WT, suggesting that the OsRbcL translation activity was likely stimulated by overexpression of Rca. 35S-methionine labeling experiments demonstrated that there was no significant difference in the stability of newly synthesized Rubisco among genotypes. However, 35S-methionine-labeled Rubisco was marginally decreased in OX-mRca and increased in KD-Rca compared to the WT. These results suggest that Rca negatively affects the Rubisco content, possibly in the synthesis step.
Springer Netherlands, 2018年05月30日, Photosynthesis Research, 1 - 10, 英語[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
Rubisco is the key enzyme of photosynthetic CO2 fixation, whereas a Rubisco small subunit homolog (OsRbcS1) in rice, was exclusively expressed in non-photosynthetic organs. In this study, OsRbcS1-like genes were identified in several plant species including foxtail millet (SiRbcS1), tomato (SlRbcS1), Lotus japonicus (LjRbcS1), grape (VvRbcS1A, VvRbcS1B) and Selaginella moellendorffii (SmRbcS1A, SmRbcS1B). RT-PCR analysis revealed that SiRbcS1 was expressed in seeds of foxtail millet. In tomato, SlRbcS1 was expressed in the stamen, pistil and green fruit. In L. japonicus, LjRbcS1 was expressed in the root, nodule and seed. In grape, both VvRbcS1A and VvRbcS1B were expressed in mature leaves and the green berry. In S. moellendorffii, SmRbcS1A and SmRbcS1B displayed similar expression patterns and were expressed in the rhizome and root. Although these OsRbcS1-like genes were expressed in photosynthetic organs in S. moellendorffii, its expression levels were higher in non-photosynthetic organs than in photosynthetic organs. These results suggest that OsRbcS1-like RbcS functions in metabolic pathways other than photosynthetic CO2 fixation in various organs.
Elsevier, 2016年12月01日, Plant Gene, 8, 26 - 31, 英語[査読有り]
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ダイズの組織培養による再分化・植物体再生は,未熟子葉から体細胞胚を誘導し,増殖・形態分化・成熟の各ステージを経て,植物体を再生させる方法が主流である.このプロトコールはモデル品種であるJackでほぼ確立されているが,最適な培養方法は現在でも遺伝子型の違いに大きく左右される.代表的な日本産黒ダイズである丹波黒ではまだ正式な成功例が報告されていないが,我々の研究室では,Jackのプロトコールを改変することにより,丹波黒ダイズから体細胞胚を誘導・増殖し,効率は低いものの植物体再生にも成功してきた.これらの実験過程で,成熟培養だけでなく増殖培養でも培地に加える糖をスクロースからマルトースに置き換えることで,明らかな再分化促進効果を表すことがわかってきた.通常,増殖培養を2年以上も続けると,モデル品種であるJackでもその後の体細胞胚成熟効率が下がり,次第に再
近畿作物・育種研究会, 2015年11月, 作物研究, 60, 47 - 53, 日本語[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
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研究論文(学術雑誌)
Effects of overexpression of high activity-type Rubisco small subunit (RbcS) from a cold-resistant plant, timothy (Phleum pratense), on kinetic properties of Rubisco were studied in rice (Oryza sativa). The full-length mRNA sequence of timothy RbcS (PpRbcS1) was determined by 5'RACE and 3'RACE. The coding sequence of PpRbcS1 was fused to the chlorophyll a/b-binding protein promoter and introduced into rice. PpRbcS was highly expressed in leaf blade and accounted for approximately 30 % of total RbcS in homozygous transgenic lines. However, the catalytic turnover rate and K m for CO2 of Rubisco did not significantly change in these transgenic lines compared to non-transgenic rice, suggesting that PpRbcS1 is not effective for improvement of catalytic efficiency of rice Rubisco. The photosynthetic rate and growth were essentially unchanged, whereas the photosynthetic rate at low CO2 condition was marginally increased in transgenic lines. Rubisco content was significantly increased, whereas soluble protein, nitrogen, and chlorophyll contents were unchanged in transgenic lines compared to non-transgenic rice. Because the kinetic properties were similar, observed slight increase in photosynthetic rate at low CO2 is considered to be large due to increase in Rubisco content in transgenic lines. Introduction of foreign RbcS is an effective approach for the improvement of Rubisco kinetics and photosynthesis. However, in this study, it was suggested that RbcS of high activity-type Rubisco, even showing higher amino acid identity with rice RbcS, did not always enhance the catalytic turnover rate of Rubisco in rice. Thus, we should carefully select RbcS to be overexpressed before introduction.
Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2015年, Photosynthesis Research, 124 (1), 57 - 65, 英語[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) undergoes activity regulation through reversible phosphorylation. The day/night phosphorylation of leaf PEPC in 27 C-3 plant species was analyzed by immunoblotting. PEPC was phosphorylated in the daytime in 12 species, whereas it was phosphorylated at night in three species, rice, Monochoria vaginalis, and Sagittaria trifolia, all of which are hygrophytic monocots. Immunoblot analysis of isolated chloroplasts of M. vaginalis identified a PEPC protein inside the chloroplast in addition to cytosolic isozyme(s) as previously shown in genus Oryza. Using transgenic rice overexpressing the maize PEPC in the cytosol, we confirmed that the cytosolic PEPC underwent the nocturnal phosphorylation. These results suggest the interrelationship between the presence of chloroplastic PEPC and the nocturnal phosphorylation of cytosolic isozyme(s).
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2014年04月, Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry, 78 (4), 609 - 613, 英語[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
Rubisco small subunits (RbcSs) are encoded by a nuclear multigene family in plants. Five RbcS genes, OsRbcS1, OsRbcS2, OsRbcS3, OsRbcS4, and OsRbcS5, have been identified in rice (Oryza sativa). Among them, the amino acid sequence of OsRbcS1 differs notably from those of other rice RbcSs. Phylogenetic analysis showed that OsRbcS1 is genetically distant from other rice RbcS genes and more closely related to RbcS from a fern and two woody plants. Reverse transcription-PCR and promoter beta-glucuronidase analyses revealed that OsRbcS1 was not expressed in leaf blade, a major photosynthetic organ in rice, but was expressed in leaf sheath, culm, anther, and root central cylinder. In leaf blade of transgenic rice overexpressing OsRbcS1 and leaf sheath of nontransgenic rice, OsRbcS1 was incorporated into the Rubisco holoenzyme. Incorporation of OsRbcS1 into Rubisco increased the catalytic turnover rate and K-m for CO2 of the enzyme and slightly decreased the specificity for CO2, indicating that the catalytic properties were shifted to those of a high-activity type Rubisco. The CO2 assimilation rate at low CO2 partial pressure was decreased in overexpression lines but was not changed under ambient and high CO2 partial pressure compared with nontransgenic rice. Although the Rubisco content was increased, Rubisco activation state was decreased in overexpression lines. These results indicate that the catalytic properties of Rubisco can be altered by ectopic expression of OsRbcS1, with substantial effects on photosynthetic performance in rice. We believe this is the first demonstration of organ-specific expression of individual members of the RbcS gene family resulting in marked effects on Rubisco catalytic activity.
American Society of Plant Biologists, 2014年01月, Plant Physiology, 164 (1), 69 - 79, 英語[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
Diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) catalyzes the acyl-CoA-dependent acylation of sn-1,2-diacylglycerol to form seed oil triacylglycerol (TAG). To understand the features of genes encoding soybean (Glycine max) DGATs and possible roles in soybean seed oil synthesis and accumulation, two full-length cDNAs encoding type 1 diacylglycerol acyltransferases (GmDGAT1A and GmDGAT1B) were cloned from developing soybean seeds. These coding sequences share identities of 94 % and 95 % in protein and DNA sequences. The genomic architectures of GmDGAT1A and GmDGAT1B both contain 15 introns and 16 exons. Differences in the lengths of the first exon and most of the introns were found between GmDGAT1A and GmDGAT1B genomic sequences. Furthermore, detailed in silico analysis revealed a third predicted DGAT1, GmDGAT1C. GmDGAT1A and GmDGAT1B were found to have similar activity levels and substrate specificities. Oleoyl-CoA and sn-1,2-diacylglycerol were preferred substrates over vernoloyl-CoA and sn-1,2-divernoloylglycerol. Both transcripts are much more abundant in developing seeds than in other tissues including leaves, stem, roots, and flowers. Both soybean DGAT1A and DGAT1B are highly expressed at developing seed stages of maximal TAG accumulation with DGAT1B showing highest expression at somewhat later stages than DGAT1A. DGAT1A and DGAT1B show expression profiles consistent with important roles in soybean seed oil biosynthesis and accumulation.
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG, 2013年03月, Functional & Integrative Genomics, 13 (1), 99 - 113, 英語[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
The activation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco), which catalyses CO2 fixation in photosynthesis, requires the assistance of the regulatory protein Rubisco activase. Rubisco activase promotes carbamylation of Rubisco by releasing inhibitory sugar phosphates bound to the catalytic site of Rubisco in the light. To clarify the effects of Rubisco activase contents on the photosynthesis of rice, we investigated the steady-state photosynthesis and light-induction of photosynthesis in transgenic rice plants, in which leaf Rubisco activase levels were reduced. The reduction in Rubisco activase did not affect steady-state photosynthesis under high light intensity until the Rubisco activase was about 15% of that in control plants. However, light-induction of photosynthesis, namely, increase in photosynthetic rate following a transition from a low to high light intensity, was considerably low in transgenic rice plants with 20-25% Rubisco activase, which was sufficient to support the steady-state photosynthesis. In addition, the Rubisco activase content was highly correlated with the initial rate of Rubisco activation after the increase in light intensity. These results suggest that Rubisco activase in rice leaves largely limits the light-induction of photosynthesis, but not steady-state photosynthesis.
CROP SCIENCE SOC JAPAN, 2012年07月, Plant Production Science, 15 (3), 174 - 182, 英語[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
The effects of overexpression of Rubisco activase on photosynthesis were studied in transgenic rice expressing barley or maize Rubisco activase. Immunoblot and SDS-PAGE analyses showed that transgenic lines from both gene constructs expressed the foreign Rubisco activase at high levels. The activation state of Rubisco in transgenic lines was slightly higher than that in non-transgenic plants (NT). In addition, light activation of Rubisco was significantly more rapid in transgenic lines compared with NT. These findings indicate that the overexpression of Rubisco activase can enhance Rubisco activation. However, despite enhanced activation of Rubisco in these transgenic plants, the CO2 assimilation rate at ambient CO2 conditions was decreased. This decrease in CO2 assimilation rate was observed in both young developing and mature leaves independent of nitrogen nutrition. The contents of nitrogen and Chl did not differ significantly between transformants and NT; however, Rubisco content was substantially decreased in transgenic lines. There was no evidence for reduced transcription of RbcS or RbcL in these transgenic lines; in fact, transcript levels were marginally increased compared with NT. These results indicate that the overexpression of Rubisco activase leads to a decrease in Rubisco content, possibly due to post-transcriptional mechanisms.
OXFORD UNIV PRESS, 2012年06月, Plant and Cell Physiology, 53 (6), 976 - 986, 英語[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
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研究論文(学術雑誌)
Abstract Rubisco limits photosynthetic CO2 fixation because of its low catalytic turnover rate (k cat) and competing oxygenase reaction. Previous attempts to improve the catalytic efficiency of Rubisco by genetic engineering have gained little progress. Here we demonstrate that the introduction of the small subunit (RbcS) of high k cat Rubisco from the C4 plant sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) significantly enhances k cat of Rubisco in transgenic rice (Oryza sativa). Three independent transgenic lines expressed sorghum RbcS at a high level, accounting for 30%, 44%, and 79% of the total RbcS. Rubisco was likely present as a chimera of sorghum and rice RbcS, and showed 1.32- to 1.50-fold higher k cat than in nontransgenic rice. Rubisco from transgenic lines showed a higher K m for CO2 and slightly lower specificity for CO2 than nontransgenic controls. These results suggest that Rubisco in rice transformed with sorghum RbcS partially acquires the catalytic properties of sorghum Rubisco. Rubisco content in transgenic lines was significantly increased over wild-type levels but Rubisco activation was slightly decreased. The expression of sorghum RbcS did not affect CO2 assimilation rates under a range of CO2 partial pressures. The J max/V cmax ratio was significantly lower in transgenic line compared to the nontransgenic plants. These observations suggest that the capacity of electron transport is not sufficient to support the increased Rubisco capacity in transgenic rice. Although the photosynthetic rate was not enhanced, the strategy presented here opens the way to engineering Rubisco for improvement of photosynthesis and productivity in the future.
Oxford University Press (OUP), 2011年05月11日, Plant Physiology, 156 (3), 1603 - 1611[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
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研究論文(学術雑誌)
研究論文(国際会議プロシーディングス)
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研究論文(学術雑誌)
The activity of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) is a major limiation of photosynthetic CO2 assimilation in C-3 plants. In order to find useful Rubisco for improvement of photosynthesis in rice under elevated CO2, we analyzed the catalytic turnover rate (k(cat)) of Rubisco in Poaceae including C-3 alpine plants, C-3 cold-resistant plants and C-4 plants. Rubisco in these plants showed 1.1- to 2.8-fold higher k(cat) than that in rice. However, the most of high k(cat) Rubisco also showed a higher km for CO2 (Kc) than that of rice, indicating that increase in k(cat) led to decrease in the affinity for CO2. Rubisco in Festuca ovina, Phleum pratense and Sorghum bicolor showed relatively high k(cat) to Kc. Although the k(cat) of Rubisco in F. ovina and P. pralense was not so high (1.5-1.6 fold relative to rice), the Kc was comparable to that in rice and the amino acid sequence of RbcL shared higher identity to that in rice than that in S. bicolor. By contrast, Rubisco of S. bicolor showed considerably high k(cat) (2.5-fold relative to rice), which is considered to be the most improtant factor for improvement of photosynthesis. In our estimation, the expression of high k(cat) Rubisco of F. ovina and S. bicolor in rice could significantly enhance CO2 assimilation at Ci and 50 Pa, the level assumed to be the middle of this century.
CROP SCIENCE SOC JAPAN, 2009年07月, Plant Production Science, 12 (3), 345 - 350, 英語[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
研究論文(国際会議プロシーディングス)
"Tanbaguro" (Glycine max) is a local variety of Japanese soybean characterized by a large seed size and black seed coat. We examined a method to distinguish Tanbaguro seeds, which were maintained and managed in domestic production as the standard strains, from seeds of other black soybean varieties. We selected 18 pairs of soybean simple sequence repeat (SSR) primers as primer sets to distinguish the seed varieties. Our analysis revealed that 4 strains and 20 seeds cultivated in Japan and distributed as Tanbaguro exhibited total agreement with standard strains, while 12 strains and 60 seeds cultivated in China and distributed as Tanbaguro exhibited only 13% agreement. These results suggested a wide genetic diversity of black soybeans cultivated in China. We then confirmed that our identification method using the same 18 primer sets can also be applied to processed foods. Identification of Tanbaguro products that were boiled, steamed and roasted was as successful as that of seeds; the method could not be applied to fermented (natto) Tanbaguro products. Analysis of commercially processed foods containing Tanbaguro indicated that some foods of unknown source included soybeans cultivated in China, confirming that these foods are mixtures of Tanbaguro standard strains and other varieties.
JAPAN SOC FOOD SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY, 2009年, JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-NIPPON SHOKUHIN KAGAKU KOGAKU KAISHI, 56 (3), 119 - 128, 日本語[査読有り]
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"Tanbaguro" is a local variety of Japanese soybean (Glycine max) that is characterized by large seed size and a black seed coat. We intended to determine a method for determining the geographic origin of Tanbaguro seeds by their inorganic element composition. Seed samples of 48 Tanbaguro varieties and eight "non-Tanbaguro" black soybean varieties cultivated in different years were collected in Japan and China. Eight inorganic elements (Al, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Sr and Ba) of these samples were estimated using ICP-AES (Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer). Significant differences were observed between Japanese and Chinese samples in the contents of four elements (Al, Fe, Cu and Sr). Principal component analysis samples could generally be divided into two groups : those cultivated in Japan and those cultivated in China. Various combinations of inorganic elemental contents were used to perform the linear discriminant analysis (LDA). LDA performed by eight elements classified with a confidence of 96%, and country of origin could be predicted with confidence of 100%. Even when four elements (Al, Mn, Sr and Ba) were used, it was possible to distinguish whether the country of cultivation was Japan or China. LIDA performed by Al and Fe contents, selected by stepwise discriminant analysis, classified and predicted with a confidence of only 89% and 79%. However, since all samples cultivated in China could be correctly classified and predicted, this discriminant model was useful for the screening of samples. Therefore, the applicability of this method for determining the geographic origin of Tanbaguro bean varieties was demonstrated.
JAPAN SOC FOOD SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY, 2006年, 日本食品化学工学会誌, 53 (6), 344 - 353, 日本語[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
We found that several BC2F4 lines had high leaf photosynthetic rates Under light-saturated and ambient CO2 conditions. These lines are progenies of BC,F, plants with high photosynthetic capacities which were generated by backcrossing between Oryza rufipogon (W630) and O. saliva cv. Nipponbare, as a recurrent parent. Some photosynthetic characteristics of the BC2F4, lines were investigated to identify the factors increasing photosynthetic rates. Photosynthetic rates of these lines under light-saturated conditions at 50 to 700 ppm CO2 concentrations were higher than those in Nipponbare. The estimated-maximum photosynthetic rates under light-saturated and CO2-saturated conditions in BC2F4 lines were also higher than that in Nipponbare. The photosynthetic rate under light-saturated and ambient CO2 conditions was positively correlated with the carboxylation efficiency as an indicator of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) activity in vivo rather than stomatal conductance. Initial and total Rubisco activities in vitro tended to be higher in the BC2F4 lines than in Nipponbare. The content of active Rubisco calculated from the activation state of Rubisco was also higher in the BC2F4 lines than in Nipponbare. These results suggest that high photosynthetic capacities of BC2F1 plants can be maintained high in their progenies and high photosynthetic rates Under light-saturated and ambient CO2 conditions in the BC2F4 lines are achieved mainly by the high activity of Rubisco due to the high active Rubisco content.
CROP SCIENCE SOC JAPAN, 2005年12月, Plant Production Science, 8 (5), 539 - 545, 英語[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
To study whether wild rice species have genes that may increase potential photosynthetic capacities of rice cultivars, we generated BC, populations by reciprocally backcrossing Oryza rufipogon (W630) with O. sativa cv. Nipponbare and IR36; N-BC2 populations and IR-BC2 populations, respectively. We measured the oxygen evolution rates (OER) of single leaves under saturating light and CO2 as the maximum photosynthetic rates and the contents of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) and Rubisco activase. Several lines in each BC, population had significantly higher OERs than parental cultivars, and 14similar to25% of plants in BC2 populations had higher OERs than the highest values in parental cultivars. The highest OERs in BC2 populations were about 60% higher than average OERs in parental cultivars. The BC2 populations contained 30-40% more Rubisco than parental cultivars. The Rubisco activase contents in N-BC2 populations were 15-30% lower than that in Nipponbare. Cytoplasms derived from O. rufipogon and O. sativa had different effects on the contents of Rubisco and Rubisco activase particularly in N-BC2 populations. In several lines of each BC2 population the OERs had positive correlations with the contents of Rubisco and/or Rubisco activase. These results suggest that O. rufipogon can be used as a source of germplasm to enhance the photosynthetic capacity of O. sativa.
CROP SCIENCE SOC JAPAN, 2004年09月, Plant Production Science, 7 (3), 252 - 259, 英語[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
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研究論文(国際会議プロシーディングス)
研究論文(国際会議プロシーディングス)
The enhancement of internodal elongation in floating or deepwater rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Habiganj Aman II) by treatment with ethylene or gibberellic acid (GA(3)) at high relative humidity (RH) is inhibited by abscisic acid (ABA). Here, we examined the interactive effects of ethylene, gibberellin (GA) and ABA at low RH on internodal elongation of deepwater rice stem segments. Although ethylene alone hardly promoted internodal elongation of stem sections at 30% RH, it enhanced the internodal elongation induced by GA(3). Application of ABA alone to stem segments had no effect on internodal elongation. However, in the presence of ethylene and GA(3) at 30% RH, ABA further promoted internodal elongation. This promotive effect of ABA was not found in the internodes of stem segments treated either with ethylene or with GA(3) at 30% RH or in the internodes of stem segments treated with ethylene and/or GA(3) at 100% RH.
KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL, 2003年10月, Plant Growth Regulation, 41 (2), 105 - 109, 英語[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
Internodal elongation in floating rice (Oryza sativa) is known to be enhanced by treatment with ethylene or gibberellic acid (GA(3)) at high relative humidity (RH). However, ethylene-induced internodal elongation is inhibited at low RH, while GA(3)-induced internodal elongation is hardly affected by humidity. We examined the effects of ethylene and GA3 on the rate of transpiration in stem segments incubated at 30 % or 100 % RH. Ethylene promoted the transpiration of stem segments at 30 % RH. but not at 100% RH, while GA(3) had little effect on transpiration at either 30% or 100% RH. We propose that the absence of ethylene-induced internodal elongation at low RH is due, at least in part, to ethylene-induced transpiration.
URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG, 2003年09月, Journal of Plant Physiology, 160 (9), 1125 - 1128, 英語[査読有り]
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[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
異なる3段階の窒素施肥量下で水耕栽培したインド型イネ8品種の光合成能力とRubisco含量との関係を調べた.酸素電極法による最大光合成能力とRubisco含量との間には, 含量が2gm-2以下では比例関係があり, それ以上の含量では飽和する傾向がみられた.Pokkali, BaisbishとIR442-2-58はRubisco量当りの光合成能力が高い品種であった.比例域での回帰分析の結果, イネ葉の最大光合成能力に対するRubiscoの効率には品種間差異があり, その効率が高い品種群と低い品種群とに大きく区分された.
Japanese Society for Tropical Agriculture, 2002年, 熱帯農業, 46 (3), 162 - 165, 英語[査読有り]
[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
Embryogenic calli were induced from leaf explants of coffee (Coffea canephora) on McCown's woody plant medium (WPM) supplemented with 5 mu M N-6-(2-isopentenyl)-adenosine (2-iP). These calli were co-cultured with Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA101 harboring pIG121-Hm, containing beta-glucuronidase (GUS), hygromycin phosphotransferase (HPT), and neomycin phosphotransferase II genes. Selection of putative transgenic callus was performed by gradual increase in hygromycin concentration (5, 50, 100 mg/l). The embryogenic calli surviving on medium containing 100 mg/l hygromycin showed a strong GUS-positive reaction with X-Gluc solution. Somatic embryos were formed from these putative transgenic calli and germinated on WPM medium with 5 mu M 2-iP. Regenerated small plantlets with shoots and roots were transferred to medium containing both 100 mg/l hygromycin and 100 mg/l kanamycin for final selection of transgenic plants. The selected plantlets exhibited strong GUS activity in leaves and roots as indicated by a deep blue color. GUS and HPT genes were confirmed to be stably integrated into the genome of the coffee plants by the polymerase chain reaction.
SPRINGER VERLAG, 1999年12月, Plant Cell Reports, 19 (2), 106 - 110, 英語[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
A cDNA for spermidine synthase (SPDS), which converts putrescine to spermidine using decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine as a co-factor, has been isolated from Coffea arabica. When the SPDS cDNA is expressed in an SPDS-deficient E. coli mutant: the recombinant protein shows high SPDS activity. The C. arabica SPDS possesses the co-factor binding motifs which have been proposed for S-adenosylmethionine, and its amino acid sequence is similar to other plant SPDSs. The SPDS transcripts have been observed in roots, green stems, old and young leaves, and accumulated to a higher level in rapid growing tissues, such as green stems and younger leaves, compared to old leaves. In callus tissues, it has been expressed in all stages, even though callus growth is very slow during somatic embryogenesis. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD, 1999年01月, PLANT SCIENCE, 140 (2), 161 - 168, 英語[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
[査読有り]
研究論文(大学,研究機関等紀要)
The role of ethylene in the formation of somatic embryos from leaf discs of Coffea canephora was studied on a medium that contained a cytokinin, iso-pentenyladenine, as the sole plant growth regulator. During incubation under these conditions, explants always produced a small amount of ethylene. Removal of this ethylene by an absorbent reduced the number of somatic embryos induced by the cytokinin, Application of inhibitors of the production of ethylene (Co2+ ions) and of the action of ethylene (Ag+ ions) inhibited the formation of embryos. Exogenous ethylene gas (12 mu l/l) partially overcame the effect of Co2+ ions. These results indicate that ethylene plays an important role in regulating somatic embryogenesis in leaf cultures of Coffea canephora.
ELSEVIER SCI PUBL IRELAND LTD, 1995年06月, Plant Science, 107 (2), 199 - 204, 英語[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
研究論文(国際会議プロシーディングス)
研究論文(国際会議プロシーディングス)
Somatic embryos of Coffea canephora were successfully cryopreserved after being exposed to a series of preparative steps. 1) Somatic embryos were progressively precultured on media with increasing concentrations of sucrose (03, 0.5, 0.7 and 0.8 M), growing for 3-4 days on each medium. 2) They were then encapsulated in alginate beads that contained 0.5 M sucrose. 3) These beads were dehydrated up to about 13% (FW basis) and plunged into liquid nitrogen. Sixty-three percent of cryopreserved embryos remained alive and about 50% of them grew directly without formation of secondary embryos and calluses. The remaining meristems from cryopreserved material ceased to grow after rooting. This cryogenic procedure appears to be a promising technique for cryopreservation of coffee somatic embryos.
CRYO LETTERS, 1994年01月, Cryo-Letters, 15 (1), 47 - 52, 英語[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
[査読有り]
研究論文(大学,研究機関等紀要)
The effects of plant growth regulators on somatic embryogenesis were studied in leaf cultures of Coffea canephora. The maximum number of somatic embryos were obtained on media that contained only cytokinin as a plant growth regulator. All of the auxins tested (NAA, IBA, IAA and 2,4-D) inhibited the formation of embryos. The optimal concentration of each cytokinin (2-iP, BA and kinetin) for somatic embryogenesis was 5-mu-M. Under optimal conditions, each explant formed more than 100 embryoids with little callus and few adventitious roots. Embryoids were formed only at the cut edges of the leaf discs. Cytokinins were absorbed only at the cut edges of leaf discs that were in contact with the medium, and were not transported to other parts of the explant.
SPRINGER VERLAG, 1991年07月, Plant Cell Reports, 10 (4), 179 - 182, 英語[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
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