山内 靖雄 | ![]() |
ヤマウチ ヤスオ | |
大学院農学研究科 生命機能科学専攻 | |
准教授 | |
農芸化学関係 |
One of the characteristic aspects of odour sensing in humans is the activation of olfactory receptors in a slightly different manner in response to different enantiomers. Here, we focused on whether plants showed enantiomer-specific response similar to that in humans. We exposed Arabidopsis seedlings to methanol (control) and (+)- or (−)-borneol, and found that only (+)-borneol reduced the root length. Furthermore, the root-tip width was more increased upon (+)-borneol exposure than upon (−)-borneol exposure. In addition, root-hair formation was observed near the root tip in response to (+)-borneol. Auxin signalling was strongly reduced in the root tip following exposure to (+)-borneol, but was detected following exposure to (−)-borneol and methanol. Similarly, in the root tip, the activity of cyclin B1:1 was detected on exposure to (−)-borneol and methanol, but not on exposure to (+)-borneol, indicating that (+)-borneol inhibits the meristematic activity in the root. These results partially explain the (+)-borneol-specific reduction in the root length of Arabidopsis. Our results indicate the presence of a sensing system specific for (+)-borneol in Arabidopsis.
The Royal Society, 2022年05月, Biology Letters, 18 (5), 英語[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
CO2 -responsive CCT protein (CRCT) is a positive regulator of starch synthesis-related genes such as ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase large subunit 1 and starch branching enzyme I particularly in the leaf sheath of rice (Oryza sativa L.). The promoter GUS analysis revealed that CRCT expressed exclusively in the vascular bundle, whereas starch synthesis-related genes were expressed in different sites such as mesophyll cell and starch storage parenchyma cell. However, the chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) using a FLAG-CRCT overexpression line and subsequent qPCR analyses showed that the 5'-flanking regions of these starch synthesis-related genes tended to be enriched by ChIP, suggesting that CRCT can bind to the promoter regions of these genes. The monomer of CRCT is 34.2 kDa; however, CRCT was detected at 270 kDa via gel filtration chromatography, suggesting that CRCT forms a complex in vivo. Immunoprecipitation and subsequent MS analysis pulled down several 14-3-3-like proteins. A yeast two-hybrid analysis and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays confirmed the interaction between CRCT and 14-3-3-like proteins. Although there is an inconsistency in the place of expression, this study provides important findings regarding the molecular function of CRCT to control the expression of key starch synthesis-related genes.
2021年08月, Plant, cell & environment, 44 (8), 2480 - 2493, 英語, 国際誌[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
© 2019 Mano, Kanameda, Kuramitsu, Matsuura and Yamauchi. Oxidative stimuli to living cells results in the formation of lipid peroxides, from which various aldehydes and ketones (oxylipin carbonyls) are inevitably produced. Among the oxylipin carbonyls, those with an α,β-unsaturated bond are designated as reactive carbonyl species (RCS) because they have high electrophilicity and biological activity. Plants have arrays of dehydrogenases and reductases to metabolize a variety of RCS that occur in the cells, but these enzymes are not efficient to scavenge the most toxic RCS (i.e., acrolein) because they have only low affinity. Two glutathione transferase (GST) isozymes belonging to the plant-specific Tau class were recently observed to scavenge acrolein with KM values at a submillimolar level. This suggests that GST could also be involved in the defense system against RCS. We tested the activities of 23 Tau isozymes of Arabidopsis thaliana for five types of RCS, and the results revealed that 11 isozymes recognized either acrolein or 4-hydroxy-(E)-2-nonenal or both as a substrate(s). Such RCS-scavenging activities indicate the potential contribution of GST to RCS scavenging in plants, and they may account for the stress tolerance conferred by several Tau isozymes. RCS are therefore a strong candidate for endogenous substrates of plant GSTs.
2019年04月, Frontiers in Plant Science, 10, 英語[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
Light and temperature affect state transitions through changes in the plastoquinone (PQ) redox state in photosynthetic organisms. We demonstrated that light and/or heat treatment induced preferential photosystem (PS) I excitation by binding light-harvesting complex II (LHCII) proteins. The photosystem of wheat was in state 1 after dark overnight treatment, wherein PQ was oxidized and most of LHCII was not bound to PSI. At the onset of the light treatment [25 A degrees C in the light (100 A mu mol photons m(-2) s(-1))], two major LHCIIs, Lhcb1 and Lhcb2 were phosphorylated, and the PSI-LHCII supercomplex formed within 5 min, which coincided with an increase in the PQ oxidation rate. Heat treatment at 40 A degrees C of light-adapted wheat led to further LHCII protein phosphorylation of, resultant cyclic electron flow promotion, which was accompanied by ultrafast excitation of PSI and structural changes of thylakoid membranes, thereby protecting PSII from heat damage. These results suggest that LHCIIs are required for the functionality of wheat plant PSI, as it keeps PQ oxidized by regulating photochemical electron flow, thereby helping acclimation to environmental changes.
SPRINGER, 2017年01月, PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH, 131 (1), 41 - 50, 英語[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
The green odor of plants is characterized by green leaf volatiles (GLVs) composed of C6 compounds. GLVs are biosynthesized from polyunsaturated fatty acids in thylakoid membranes by a series of enzymes. A representative member of GLVs (E)-2-hexenal, known as the leaf aldehyde, has been assumed to be produced by isomerization from (Z)-3-hexenal in the biosynthesis pathway; however, the enzyme has not yet been identified. In this study, we purified the (Z)-3:(E)-2-hexenal isomerase (HI) from paprika fruits and showed that various plant species have homologous HIs. Purified HI is a homotrimeric protein of 110 kDa composed of 35-kDa subunits and shows high activity at acidic and neutral pH values. Phylogenetic analysis showed that HIs belong to the cupin superfamily, and at least three catalytic amino acids (His, Lys, Tyr) are conserved in HIs of various plant species. Enzymatic isomerization of (Z)-3-hexenal in the presence of deuterium oxide resulted in the introduction of deuterium at the C4 position of (E)-2-hexenal, and a suicide substrate 3-hexyn-1-al inhibited HI irreversibly, suggesting that the catalytic mode of HI is a keto-enol tautomerism reaction mode mediated by a catalytic His residue. The gene expression of HIs in Solanaceae plants was enhanced in specific developmental stages and by wounding treatment. Transgenic tomato plants overexpressing paprika HI accumulated (E)-2-hexenal in contrast to wild-type tomato plants mainly accumulating (Z)-3-hexenal, suggesting that HI plays a key role in the production of (E)-2-hexenal in planta.
AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC, 2016年07月, JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY, 291 (27), 14023 - 14033, 英語[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
Abiotic stresses cause serious damage to plants; therefore, plants undergo a complicated stress response through signal transduction originating from environmental stimuli. Here we show that a subset of short-chain leaf volatiles with an alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl bond in their structure (reactive short-chain leaf volatiles, RSLVs) like (E)-2-hexenal and (E)-2-butenal can act as signal chemicals that strongly induce the gene expression of abiotic-related transcription factors, such as heat stress-related transcription factors (HSFA2, MBF1c) and other abiotic stress-related transcription factors (DREB2A, ZATs). RSLV-induced expression of HSFA2 and MBF1c was eliminated in HSFA1s-, known as heat stress response master regulators, knockout mutant, whereas those of DREB2A and ZATs were not, suggesting that the RSLV signaling pathway is composed of HSFA1-dependent and -independent pathways. RSLV treatment induced production of chaperon proteins, and the RSLV-treated Arabidopsis thus demonstrated enhanced abiotic stress tolerance. Because oxidative stress treatment enhanced RSLV production, we concluded that commonly found RSLVs produced by environmental stresses are powerful inducer of abiotic stress-related gene expression as oxidative stress signals.
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, 2015年01月, SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, 5, 英語[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
Photosystems of higher plants alleviate heat-induced damage in the presence of light under moderate stressed conditions; however, in the absence of light (i.e., in the dark), the same plants are damaged more easily. (Yamauchi and Kimura, 2011) We demonstrate that regulating photochemical energy transfer in heat-treated wheat at 40 degrees C with light contributed to heat tolerance of the photosystem. Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis using heat-stressed wheat seedlings in light showed increased non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) of chlorophyll fluorescence, which was due to thermal dissipation that was increased by state 1 to state 2 transition. Transmission electron microscopy revealed structural changes in thylakoid membranes, including unstacking of grana regions under heat stress in light. It was accompanied by the phosphorylation of thylakoid proteins such as D1 and D2 proteins and the light harvesting complex II proteins Lhcb1 and Lhcb2. These results suggest that heat stress at 40 degrees C in light induces state 1 to state 2 transition for the preferential excitation of photosystem I (PSI) by phosphorylating thylakoid proteins more strongly. Structural changes of thylakoid membrane also assist the remodeling of photosystems and regulation of energy distribution by transition toward state 2 probably contributes to plastoquione oxidation; thus, light-driven electrons flowing through PSI play a protective role against PSII damage under heat stress.
MDPI AG, 2014年12月, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES, 15 (12), 23042 - 23058, 英語[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
The gas exchange of the upper fully expanded leaf of the root parasite Striga hermonthica and of its host Sorghum bicolor was measured under wet and dry conditions to identify the mechanisms of the devastating effects of the parasite on its hosts under drought. The short-term water stress severely reduced photosynthetic rate in infected sorghum, but less in S. hermonthica. Soil water stress did not affect leaf respiration rate in either S. hermonthica or infected sorghum. This suggests that under dry conditions both infected sorghum and S. hermonthica decreased autotrophic carbon gain. The transpiration rate of S. hermonthica, a major driving force for assimilate uptake from the host, was higher and less affected by water stress than that of infected sorghum. Stomatal density on the abaxial surfaces of the leaves was higher in S. hermonthica than in sorghum. Both S. hermonthica infection and water stress decreased stomatal conductance of the sorghum leaves. S. hermonthica, irrespective of soil water status, had greater stomatal aperture on the adaxial and abaxial surfaces of its leaves than infected sorghum. These results indicate that the higher transpiration rate of S. hermonthica even under water stress, achieved through higher stomatal density on the abaxial surfaces of the leaves and greater stomatal aperture on both surfaces of the leaves, may induce the maintenance of water and solute transfers from the host to the parasite leading to severe damage to the host under drought. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.
2013年12月, Biologia Plantarum, 57 (4), 773 - 777, 英語[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
[査読有り]
Acylamino acid-releasing enzyme/oxidized protein hydrolase (AARE/OPH) has been biochemically demonstrated to be a bifunctional protease that has exopeptidase activity against N-alpha-acylated peptides and endopeptidase activity against oxidized and glycated proteins; however, its physiological role remains unknown. In this study, to determine its physiological significance, we produced AARE/OPH-overexpressing and -suppressed plants and assessed the biological impacts of AARE/OPH. The subcellular localization of Arabidopsis AARE/OPH was found to be cytoplasmic and nuclear by transient expression analysis of tdTomato-fused Arabidopsis AARE/OPH. Overexpression of AARE/OPH exhibited no apparent effect on the level of oxidized proteins because wild types probably have inherently high AARE/OPH activity. Through RNAi gene suppressing, we successfully produced AARE/OPH-suppressed Arabidopsis plants (aare) that exhibited almost no AARE activity. In the aare plant, electrolyte leakage by methyl viologen treatment was enhanced compared to that of non-transformant plants, suggesting that the plasma membranes of aare easily suffered oxidative damage, probably as a result of deterioration of the cytoplasmic antioxidative system. Correspondingly, proteomic analysis revealed that the aare plant accumulated a number of oxidized proteins including cytoplasmic antioxidant enzymes. On the basis of these results, we concluded that AARE/OPH plays a homeostatic role in sustaining the cytoplasmic antioxidative system.
SPRINGER, 2012年08月, PLANTA, 236 (2), 427 - 436, 英語[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
Lipid peroxide-derived reactive carbonyls (RCs) can cause serious damage to plant functions. A chloroplastic NADPH-dependent alkenal/one oxidoreductase (AOR) detoxifies RCs, but its physiological significance remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the biological impacts of AOR using an AOR-knock out Arabidopsis line (aor). Methyl viologen treatment, mainly to enhance photosystem (PS) I-originated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, caused more severe damage to aor than wild type (Col-0). In contrast, the high light treatment used to enhance PSII-originated ROS production resulted in no difference in PSII damage between Col-0 and aor. In conclusion, AOR can contribute to detoxify stromal RCs produced under oxidative stress. (C) 2012 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. Published by Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2012年04月, FEBS LETTERS, 586 (8), 1208 - 1213, 英語[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
Reactive carbonyls, especially alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyls produced through lipid peroxidation, damage biomolecules such as proteins and nucleotides; elimination of these carbonyls is therefore essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis. In this study, we focused on an NADPH-dependent detoxification of reactive carbonyls in plants and explored the enzyme system involved in this detoxification process. Using acrolein (CH(2) = CHCHO) as a model alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl, we purified a predominant NADPH-dependent acrolein-reducing enzyme from cucumber leaves, and we identified the enzyme as an alkenal/one oxidoreductase (AOR) catalyzing reduction of an alpha,beta-unsaturated bond. Cloning of cDNA encoding AORs revealed that cucumber contains two distinct AORs, chloroplastic AOR and cytosolic AOR. Homologs of cucumber AORs were found among various plant species, including Arabidopsis, and we confirmed that a homolog of Arabidopsis (At1g23740) also had AOR activity. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these AORs belong to a novel class of AORs. They preferentially reduced alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones rather than alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes. Furthermore, we selected candidates of other classes of enzymes involved in NADPH-dependent reduction of carbonyls based on the bioinformatic information, and we found that an aldo-keto reductase (At2g37770) and aldehyde reductases (At1g54870 and At3g04000) were implicated in the reduction of an aldehyde group of saturated aldehydes and methylglyoxal as well as alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes in chloroplasts. These results suggest that different classes of NADPH-dependent reductases cooperatively contribute to the detoxification of reactive carbonyls.
AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC, 2011年03月, JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY, 286 (9), 6999 - 7009, 英語[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
研究論文(学術雑誌)
[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
Previously we observed that the oxygen-evolving complex 33 kDa protein (OEC33) which stabilizes the Mn cluster in photosystem II (PSII), was modified with malondialdehyde (MDA), an end-product of peroxidized polyunsaturated fatty acids, and the modification increased in heat-stressed plants (Yamauchi et al. 2008). In this study, we examined whether the modification of OEC33 with MDA affects its binding to the PSII complex and causes inactivation of the oxygen-evolving complex. Purified OEC33 and PSII membranes that had been removed of extrinsic proteins of the oxygen-evolving complex (PSIIa dagger OEE) of spinach (Spinacia oleracea) were separately treated with MDA. The binding was diminished when both OEC33 and PSIIa dagger OEE were modified, but when only OEC33 or PSIIa dagger OEE was treated, the binding was not impaired. In the experiment using thylakoid membranes, release of OEC33 from PSII and corresponding loss of oxygen-evolving activity were observed when thylakoid membranes were treated with MDA at 40A degrees C but not at 25A degrees C. In spinach leaves treated at 40A degrees C under light, maximal efficiency of PSII photochemistry (F (v)/F (m) ratio of chlorophyll fluorescence) and oxygen-evolving activity decreased. Simultaneously, MDA contents in heat-stressed leaves increased, and OEC33 and PSII core proteins including 47 and 43 kDa chlorophyll-binding proteins were modified with MDA. In contrast, these changes were to a lesser extent at 40A degrees C in the dark. These results suggest that MDA modification of PSII proteins causes release of OEC33 from PSII and it is promoted in heat and oxidative conditions.
SPRINGER, 2010年04月, PLANTA, 231 (5), 1077 - 1088, 英語[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
Dechlorodauricumine (5) and dechloroacutumine (6) were converted to miharumine (7) and dechloroacutumidine (8), respectively, by a cell-free preparation from cultured roots of Menispermum dauricum in the presence of FAD. The structures of 7 and 8 were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses and chemical conversion.
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2009年02月, BIOSCIENCE BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY, 73 (2), 440 - 442, 英語[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
When polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in biomembrane are peroxidized, a great diversity of aldehydes is formed, and some of which are highly reactive. Thus they are thought to have biological impacts in stressed plants; however, the detailed mechanism of generation and biochemical effects are unknown. In this study, we show that chloroplasts are major organelles in which malondialdehyde (MDA) generated from peroxidized linolenic acid modifies proteins in heat-stressed plants. First, to clarify the biochemical process of MDA generation from PUFAs and its attachment to proteins, we carried out in vitro experiments using model proteins (BSA and Rubisco) and methylesters of C18 PUFAs that are major components of plant biomembrane. Protein modification was detected by Western blotting using monoclonal antibodies that recognize MDA binding to proteins. Results showed that peroxidation of linolenic acid methylester by reactive oxygen species was essential for protein modification by MDA, and the MDA modification was highly dependent on temperature, leading to a loss of Rubisco activity. When isolated spinach thylakoid membrane was peroxidized at 37 degrees C, oxygen-evolving complex 33 kDa protein (OEC33) was modified by MDA. These model experiments suggest that protein modification by MDA preferentially occurs under higher temperatures and oxidative conditions, thus we examined protein modification in heat-stressed plants. Spinach plants were heat-stressed at 40 degrees C under illumination, and modification of OEC33 protein by MDA was detected. In heat-stressed Arabidopsis plants, light-harvesting complex protein was modified by MDA under illumination. This modification was not observed in linolenic acid-deficient mutants (fad3fad7fad8 triple mutant), suggesting that linolenic acid is a major source of protein modification by MDA in heat-stressed plants. (C) 2008 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER, 2008年08月, PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY, 46 (8-9), 786 - 793, 英語[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
[査読有り]
研究論文(学術雑誌)
研究論文(学術雑誌)
A submergence-induced gene, OsGGT, was cloned from 7-day submerged rice (Oryza sativa L. plants, FR13A (a submergence-tolerant cultivar, Indica), using suppression subtractive hybridization and both 5'- and 3'-rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The full-length OsGGT cDNA contains 1,273 bp with an open reading frame of 1,140 bp (17-1,156) that encodes 379 amino acids. Its deduced amino acid sequence is homologous with glycogenin glucosyltransferase. We found that the OsGGT gene is located in the 17,970-20,077 bp region of genome fragment AAAA01002475.1 of the Indica cultivar and in the 53,293-51,186 bp region of genome fragment AC037426.12 of chromosome 10 of the Japanica cultivar. A time-course study showed that OsGGT-gene expression increased in FR13A during submergence but decreased in IR42 (submergence-intolerant cultivar, Indica). The expression of the OsGGT gene in FR13A was induced by salicylic acid and benzyladenine. The accumulation of OsGGT mRNA in FR13A also increased in response to ethylene, gibberellin, abscisic acid, drought and salt treatment, but methyl jasmonate treatment and cold stress had no effect on expression. These results suggest that the OsGGT gene could be related to submergence stress and associated with a general defensive response to various environmental stresses.
SPRINGER, 2005年06月, PLANTA, 221 (3), 437 - 445, 英語研究論文(学術雑誌)
We used suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) to identify submergence-induced genes from the submergence-tolerant rice cultivar, FR13A. These genes putatively encode four proteins including a cation transport protein (OsCTP), monogalactosyl-diacylglycerol synthase, a cold-induced protein and glutathione synthetase. The full-length gene of one upregulated clone, OsCTP was generated by rapid amplification of cDNA ends. The gene comprises 741 bp with an open reading frame of 414 bp (nt 51-464) that encodes a putative protein of 137 amino acids. The theoretical isoelectric point of the putative protein is 5.35 and the molecular weight is 15.2 kDa. Six exons and five introns of the OsCTP gene correspond to 3582-2296 bp of accession number AAAA01013244 from the rice genome. OsCTP expression is enhanced by submergence as well as stress induced by abscisic acid, salt or drought. OsCTP might encode a novel cation transport protein similar to Escherichia coli ChaC and may be associated with a general defensive response to various environmental stresses. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD, 2005年01月, PLANT SCIENCE, 168 (1), 15 - 22, 英語研究論文(学術雑誌)
Suppression subtractive hybridization was used to construct a subtractive cDNA library from plants of non-submerged and 7-day-submerged rice (Oryza sativa L., FR13A, a submergence-tolerant cultivar). One clone of the subtractive cDNA library, S23, was expressed abundantly during submergence. The full length of S23 was amplified using 5'- and 3'-rapid amplification of cDNA ends, and found to consist of 1,671 bp with an open reading frame of 1,077 bp (181-1257) encoding 358 amino acids. Its deduced amino acid sequence showed a high homology with monogalactosyldiacylglycerol synthase (UDPgalactose: 1,2-diacylglycerol 3-beta-D-galactosyl transferase; EC 2.4.1.46, MGDG synthase) from Arabidopsis thaliana; therefore, we named the gene OsMGD. Time-course studies showed that the expression of OsMGD in the rice cultivars FR13A and IR42 (submergence-susceptive cultivar) during submergence was gradually increased and that expression in FR13A was higher than in IR42. The expression of OsMGD in FR13A was influenced by benzyladenine and illumination. The accumulation of OsMGD mRNA in both FR13A and IR42 was also increased by ethephon, gibberellin, drought and salt treatment, but cold stress had no effect on the expression of the gene. These results suggest that the expression of OsMGD mRNA requires benzyladenine or illumination, and that the process is also mediated by ethephon and gibberellin. Salt and drought stress have an effect similar to that of submergence. Furthermore, the enhanced expression of OsMGD may relate to photosynthesis, and play an important role during submergence.
SPRINGER, 2004年07月, PLANTA, 219 (3), 450 - 458, 英語研究論文(学術雑誌)
The role of APX (ascorbate peroxidase) in protection against oxidative stress was examined using transgenic tobacco plants. The full length cDNA, coding Arabidopsis thaliana L. APX fused downstream to the chloroplast transit sequence from A. thaliana glutathione reductase, was cloned into appropriate binary vector and mobilized into Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58C2. Leaf discs were infected with the Agrobacterium and cultured on medium supplied with kanamycin. The incorporation of the gene in tobacco genome was confirmed by Southern dot blot hybridization. Transgenic lines were generated, and the line Chl-APX5 shown to have 3.8-fold the level of APX activity in the wild-type plants. The isolated chloroplasts from this line showed higher APX activity. During early investigation, this line showed enhanced tolerance to the active oxygen-generating paraquat and sodium sulphite. The first generation of this line, also, showed enhanced tolerance to salt, PEG and water stresses, as determined by net photosynthesis. The present data indicate that overproducing the cytosolic APX in tobacco chloroplasts reduces the toxicity of H(2)O(2).
WILEY-BLACKWELL, 2004年06月, PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM, 121 (2), 231 - 238, 英語研究論文(学術雑誌)
研究論文(学術雑誌)
Plant acylamino acid-releasing enzyme (AARE) catalyzing the N-terminal hydrolysis of N-alpha-acylpeptides to release N-alpha-acylated amino acids, was biochemically characterized using recombinant and native AAREs. A cDNA encoding a deduced Arabidopsis thaliana AARE (AtAARE) was cloned and sequenced. The deduced amino acid sequence encoded a 764 amino acid protein of 83.9 kDa, which was 31.8% identical with that of rat AARE. In particular, the proposed catalytic residues (Ser, Asp, and His) of AARE, called the "catalytic triad residues," were completely conserved. Recombinant AtAARE was expressed in Escherichia coli and confirmed to be a functional AARE. Native AAREs were prepared from A. thaliana and cucumber (Cucumis sativus, L.) plants. Both native AAREs were tetrameric proteins of 350 kDa comprising four subunits of 82 kDa, and showed typical enzymological properties of other AAREs, i.e. sensitivity to diisopropyl fluorophosphate, an optimum pH of around 7.0, and an optimum temperature of 37degreesC. Both the native and recombinant AAREs were immunochemically homologous. Intracelluar fractionation analysis showed that the AARE was mainly present in the stroma of chloroplasts. Native AARE degraded the glycated ribulose-1,5-bisphoshate carboxylase/oxygenase protein but not the native protein. Thus, plant AARE might be involved in not only catalysis of the N-terminal hydrolysis of N-alpha-acylpeptides but also the elimination of glycated proteins.
JAPANESE BIOCHEMICAL SOC, 2003年08月, JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY, 134 (2), 251 - 257, 英語研究論文(学術雑誌)
Large areas of rainfed lowlands in South and Southeast Asia annually experience short durations of flash flooding during the rice-growing season, which dramatically affect plant survival and productivity. Submergence-intolerant cultivars usually show progressive leaf chlorosis, which could be triggered by ethylene produced during submergence. An ethylene inhibitor, 1-methyl cyclopropene (MCP), was used to evaluate the effect of ethylene on chlorophyll degradation and plant survival. Seedlings of two cultivars, FR13A (tolerant) and IR42 (intolerant) either untreated or treated with MCP for 5 h before submergence, were submerged for 6 d. Chlorophyll content and activity and gene expression of chlorophyllase, the first enzyme involved in chlorophyll degradation, were determined during submergence and recovery, and survival scores were recorded after 21 d of recovery. MCP treatment decreased chlorophyll degradation, lowered the activity and gene expression of chlorophyllase, and improved seedling survival in IR42, but with no effect on underwater relative shoot expansion. Chlorophyllase enzyme activity and gene expression were lower in FR13A, suggesting that this cultivar might have reduced ethylene level or sensitivity. Manipulation of ethylene synthesis or sensitivity through molecular approaches might therefore help improve tolerance of flash flooding in rice.
C S I R O PUBLISHING, 2003年, FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY, 30 (7), 813 - 819, 英語研究論文(学術雑誌)
In this study, a highly active foliar aminopeptidase preferentially releasing N-terminal alanine from artificial substrates was purified and characterized from cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. suyo). The enzyme had a molecular mass of 200 kDa consisting of two subunits of 95 kDa. It was a metalloprotease the pH optimum of which was 8 to 9. It cleaved Ala-, Gly-, Met-, Ser-, Leu-, Lys-, and Arg artificial substrates. An internal amino acid sequence was similar to those of aminopeptidase N (clan MA, family Ml) of microorganisms, and was very similar to that of a putative aminopeptidase N of Arabidopsis thaliana. From these results, the highly active aminopeptidase in cucumber leaves was identified to be a plant aminopepitdase N.
社団法人日本農芸化学会, 2001年12月23日, Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry, 65 (12), 2802 - 2805, ロシア語We purified a glutamyl endopeptidase that is a major foliar endopeptidase in cucumber. The endopeptidase had a molecular mass of 400 kDa, consisted of four subunits of 97 kDa, and was inactivated by SH-modifying reagents. Its optimum pH and optimum temperature were 8.0 and 30-37°C, respectively. An internal amino acid sequence of the endopeptidase was highly homologous to a partial sequence of unidentified proteins deduced from genetic information for Arabidopsis thaliana, soybean and rice, but not to the sequences of bacterial glutamyl endopeptidases or animal proteases. Therefore, the unidentified proteins might be glutamyl endopeptidases and be widely distributed only among plant species. The activity of the cucumber glutamyl endopeptidase was inhibited by at least three inhibitors existing in cucumber leaves. One of the inhibitors was a competitive inhibitor of 25 kDa, which did not significantly inhibit commercial endopeptidases derived from animals and microorganisms. This suggests that the cucumber glutamyl endopeptidase might be controlled by endogenous inhibitors in vivo.
Japanese Biochemical Society, 2001年08月01日, The journal of biochemistry, 130 (2), 257 - 261, 英語We developed an accurate method to separate and detect proteases using isoelectric focusing electrophoresis. The simultaneous addition of 0.3% octyl-D-glucopylanoside or 8M urea to acrylamide gel containing gelatin and of cytochrome c and pl marker proteins to the sample solution prevented interaction between protease and substrate during electrophoresis. Picogram to nanogram quantities of commercial proteases, papain, chymotrypsin, and proteinase K, were detected at the estimative isoelectric point of these proteases.
社団法人日本農芸化学会, 1995年04月23日, Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry, 59 (4), 767 - 768, 英語[招待有り]
記事・総説・解説・論説等(学術雑誌)
[招待有り]
記事・総説・解説・論説等(商業誌、新聞、ウェブメディア)
[招待有り]
記事・総説・解説・論説等(学術雑誌)
[査読有り]
記事・総説・解説・論説等(学術雑誌)
[招待有り]
記事・総説・解説・論説等(商業誌、新聞、ウェブメディア)
[招待有り]
記事・総説・解説・論説等(学術雑誌)
A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of soil water stress on gas exchange and stomatal response of the upper fully expanded leaf of the root parasitic weed Striga hermonthica and that of its sorghum host. Photosynthetic rate of S. hermonthica was less affected by water stress than sorghum, but the ratio of respiration rate to photosynthetic rate increased considerably under water stress. Thus, under water stress, growth of S. hermonthica may rely more on heterotrophic carbon from host to compensate the low autotrophic carbon gain. Water stress-induced reductions in transpiration rate and stomatal conductance were more severe in infected sorghum than in S. hermonthica. Water stress-induced reduction in stomatal aperture of the leaf was greater in infected sorghum than in S. hermonthica. These results indicated that higher transpiration rate of S. hermonthica under water stress, achieved through greater stomatal aperture, may be related to maintenance of water and solute movement from the host to the parasite.
植物化学調節学会, 2011年10月03日, 植物化学調節学会研究発表記録集, (46), 75 - 75, 日本語Polyunsaturated fatty acids in biomembranes are oxidized easily, and result in various low-molecular weight compounds. These compounds include α,β-unsaturated carbonyls like acrolein and methylvinylketone, which are highly reactive. The toxicity of these reactive compounds are based on their ability to form the Michael adducts with thiols and amino groups in proteins and nucleic acids. Therefore, it is important to scavenge α,β-unsaturated carbonyls for maintaining homeostasis in plants. In this study, we purifed the acrolein-reducing enzyme from cucumber leaves and determined its partial amino acid sequences. Based on RT-PCR with degenerate primers and RACE strategies, two cDNA sequences contained fully functional region of the enzyme were obtained. One has chloroplast-targeted transit sequence at N-terminal region, and the other has no. These results indicate that cucumber leaves have α,β-unsaturated carbonyl-detoxifying enzymes localizing in chloroplast and cytosol.
植物化学調節学会, 2010年10月01日, 植物化学調節学会研究発表記録集, (45), 97 - 97, 日本語Seeds of root parasitic plants stay dormant until exposed to warm moist environment (conditioning). The conditioned seeds germinate in response to a germination stimulant. Striga seed germination is also induced by ethylene. The expression of ACC synthase and ACC oxidase genes in S. hermonthica was found to be responsive to the stimulant and to conditioning, respectively. We found that pre-treatment with GR24, a synthetic germination stimulant, during conditioning period decreases S. hermonthica seed germination induced by post-treatment with GR24. The present study was undertaken to investigate the mechanisms involved in the decrease of seed responsiveness to the post-treatment. ACC induced S. hermonthica seed germination in a concentration dependent manner, irrespective of GR24 concentrations in the pre-treatment, suggesting that higher concentrations of GR24 induce ACC biosynthesis. This was supported by the facts that higher concentrations of GR24 induced the expression of the ACC synthase gene and ethylene production. The involvement of ethylene in O. minor seed germination was also studied. Neither ACC nor ethephon induced O. minor seed germination. Germination induced by GR24 was not inhibited by 1-methylcyclopropene. Ethylene release from germinating O. minor seeds was not detected. These facts suggest that ethylene is not involved in O. minor seed germination.
植物化学調節学会, 2008年10月06日, 植物化学調節学会研究発表記録集, (43), 25 - 25, 日本語研究発表ペーパー・要旨(国際会議)
Striga spp., root parasites of poaceous plants, devastate cereal production in the semiarid Sub Saharan Africa. The life cycle of the parasite is strongly cued to that of its host and is modulated by host-derived chemical signals. To germinate Striga seeds require conditioning in a warm moist environment and exposure to host derived stimulants, collectively named strigolactones. In this study, host-parasite interactions were analyzed at the molecular level. DNA sequences of clones, isolated by a suppression subtractive hybridization strategy from Striga-parasitized sorghum, were homologous to genes for fatty acid desaturase of maize, heat shock protein 82 of rice, calcium dependent protein kinase of maize and sorghum ESTs induced by biotic and abiotic stresses, including wound, pathogen-infection and oxidative stress.
植物化学調節学会, 2005年10月13日, 植物化学調節学会研究発表記録集, (40), 66 - 66, 日本語研究発表ペーパー・要旨(国際会議)
The degradation of storage protein in germinating cu-cumber seeds was shown to proceed via two distinct steps. First, several proteases with acidic isoelectric points (pls) were involved in solubilization and partial degradation of 11S globulin. Treatment of seedlings with cycloheximide inhibited this step and the expression of these proteases. Thus, the first step appeared to be governed by these pro-teases, which were synthesized de novo after imbibition. The first step was observed in dark-grown cotyledons, but the complete degradation of 11S globulin did not occur in the absence of illumination. An additional protease, with a pI of 4.5, was induced by illumination, and it was involved in the further cleavage of the partially degraded products of 11S globulin. Thus, the complete degradation of the storage protein proceeded via a two-step process in illuminated germinating seedlings. Light is needed to induce the second step in the degradation of 11S globulin that supplies the nitrogen required for development of the photosynthetic ap-paratus in the greening cotyledon.
Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists, 1996年, Plant and cell physiology, 37 (3), 279 - 284, 英語学術書
学術書
口頭発表(一般)
ポスター発表
口頭発表(一般)
[招待有り]
口頭発表(招待・特別)
[招待有り]
口頭発表(招待・特別)
口頭発表(一般)
口頭発表(一般)
[招待有り]
口頭発表(招待・特別)
[招待有り]
シンポジウム・ワークショップパネル(指名)
口頭発表(一般)
口頭発表(一般)
口頭発表(一般)
口頭発表(一般)
口頭発表(一般)
口頭発表(一般)
口頭発表(一般)
口頭発表(一般)
口頭発表(一般)
ポスター発表
口頭発表(一般)
ポスター発表
ポスター発表
ポスター発表
ポスター発表
ポスター発表
ポスター発表
口頭発表(一般)
ポスター発表
口頭発表(一般)
ポスター発表
口頭発表(一般)
口頭発表(一般)
口頭発表(一般)
口頭発表(一般)
口頭発表(一般)
口頭発表(一般)
口頭発表(一般)
口頭発表(一般)
口頭発表(一般)
口頭発表(一般)
競争的資金
競争的資金
競争的資金
競争的資金
競争的資金
競争的資金
競争的資金
競争的資金
競争的資金
競争的資金