FUJIKAWA Natsuko | ![]() |
Graduate School of Maritime Sciences / Department of Maritime Sciences | |
Associate Professor | |
Business / Economics |
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Can organizations prevent accidents before they occur? There are two opposing viewpoints on this question: Normal Accident Theory takes the pessimistic view that complex systems with high technology cannot avoid accidents because of their complicated interactions and tight coupling; High Reliability Theory, conversely, takes the optimistic view that accident−free systems are ob
Oct. 2017, Annals of Organizational Science (International Special Issue of Organizational Science), 49 (5), 19 - 33, English[Refereed]
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The purpose of this study is to clarify the management of organizational accident prevention based on a detailed qualitative investigation. Focusing on “mere facade of safety rules” which means that rules have lost their original functions, we attempted to propose management measures to prevent organizational accidents by exploring for the cause of the phenomenon. In this study, we classified mere facade of safety rules into two types. First, "implicit non-compliance" is a situation in which employees do not comply with the rules. We examined this situation as a rule breaking behavior. Second, "formal compliance" is a situation in which the rule is complied with, but the functions assumed by the rule have been lost. We examined “reporting avoidance behavior” as a specific example of this situation.
What is necessary for companies to pursue safety and security and become a reliable organization? We argue it from the viewpoint of High Reliability Organization (HRO). We translated the book “Managing the Unexpected 3rd ed.”, which is written by Weick and Sutcliffe, representative researchers in the field. The academic impacts of this research are (1) to present the concept of "High Reliability Organizing" which is related to safety and security, (2) to discuss new perspectives in organization theory, such as social constructionism, institutional theory, practice theory, and discourse theory. The social impacts are (1) to show the applicability of the concept of HRO to a wide range of organizations such as educational institutions and self-supporting organizations, not to mention Japanese companies, which strongly require safety and security, (2) to clarify the importance of an organizational perspective in cyber security.
Competitive research funding
The purpose of this study is to clarify the essentials for organizations to create safety , security and reliability from the perspective of HRO (High Reliability Organization). Main results of the research are as follows: 1)multi-methodological analysis of the severe accident of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Plants, TEPCO that experienced the Great East Japan Earthquake of March 11, 2011, and the accompanying tsunami, 2)Historical/Organizational analysis of Computer Security Incident Response Teams(CSIRTs) in/between Organizations.
This study explored current status and issues of risk management in Japan’s nuclear power plants from the perspective of high reliability organizations research. Therefore, it is revealed that nuclear power plants in Japan need to manage reliability. By theoretical work, this study presented an integrative framework for managing the duality of structural control and social control to prevent organizational accidents. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the model was verified by case studies.