Directory of Researchers
| ITO Tomomi |  |
| Graduate School of Intercultural Studies / Department of Cultural-Interaction | |
| Professor | |
| Social Sciences / Other Fields |
Researcher Profile and Settings
Affiliation
＜Faculty / Graduate School / Others＞
Graduate School of Intercultural Studies / Department of Cultural-Interaction＜Related Faculty / Graduate School / Others＞
Faculty of Global Human Sciences / Department of Global Cultures, Faculty of Intercultural Studies / Department of Intercultural Studies
Degree
Teaching
- Office for the Promotion of International Exchange, 2022, Academic English Communication A1
- Office for the Promotion of International Exchange, 2022, Academic English Communication A1
- Office for the Promotion of International Exchange, 2022, Academic English Communication A2
- Office for the Promotion of International Exchange, 2022, Academic English Communication A2
- Office for the Promotion of International Exchange, 2022, Academic English Communication B1
- Office for the Promotion of International Exchange, 2022, Academic English Communication B1
- Office for the Promotion of International Exchange, 2022, Academic English Communication B2
- Office for the Promotion of International Exchange, 2022, Academic English Communication B2
- Faculty of Global Human Sciences, 2022, Graduation Thesis
- Faculty of Global Human Sciences, 2022, Graduation Thesis
- Faculty of Global Human Sciences, 2022, Advanced Seminar on Cultural Formations C
- Faculty of Global Human Sciences, 2022, Advanced Seminar on Cultural Formations D
- Faculty of Global Human Sciences, 2022, Cultures and Societies in Southeast Asia
- Faculty of Global Human Sciences, 2022, Tutorial on Global Cultures A
- Faculty of Global Human Sciences, 2022, Tutorial on Global Cultures B
- Graduate School of Intercultural Studies, 2022, Seminar in Asia-Pacific Culture Studies
- Graduate School of Intercultural Studies, 2022, Advanced Seminar in Culture and Society in Southeast Asia
- Graduate School of Intercultural Studies, 2022, Advanced Research Seminar I
- Graduate School of Intercultural Studies, 2022, Advanced Research Seminar II
- Graduate School of Intercultural Studies, 2022, Seminar for Dissertation Ⅲ
- Graduate School of Intercultural Studies, 2022, Research Seminar I
- Graduate School of Intercultural Studies, 2022, Culture and Society in Southeast Asia
- Graduate School of Intercultural Studies, 2022, Research Seminar II
Research Activities
Research Interests
Research Areas
Awards
2013 東南アジア学会, 第11回東南アジア史学会賞, Modern Thai Buddhism and Buddhadasa Bhikku: A Social History, Singapore: National University of Singapore Press, 2012.
Japan society
Mar. 2003 Outstanding Women in Buddhism Awards Committee, Bangkok, Outstanding Women in Buddhism Awards, Scholastic Excellence in Southeast Asian Buddhism
Published Papers
- 2010, タイ国情報, 44(2): 89-99, Japaneseバンコクの九皇斎とタイ華人の信仰（後篇）
Scientific journal
- 2010, タイ国情報, 44(3): 128-146, Japaneseバンコクに暮らすタイ華人の春節
Scientific journal
- 2009, 東南アジア：歴史と文化, 38, Japanese現代タイ上座部仏教における女性の沙弥尼出家と比丘尼受戒－理念のアピールと語られない現実
[Refereed]
Scientific journal
- 2009, タイ国情報, 44(1)110-127, Japaneseバンコクの九皇斎とタイ華人の信仰（中篇）
Scientific journal
- 2009, タイ国情報, 43(6), Japaneseバンコクの九皇斎とタイ華人の信仰（前篇）
Scientific journal
- Kobe University, Dec. 2008, Journal of Intercultural Studies, 第31号63-110頁, 63* - 110*, Japanese
Scientific journal
This paper attempts to analyse and assess the multifaceted history of Taiwanese Buddhist women in two respects. On the one hand, the changing in the Buddhist female community is argued as reflection of some particular historical movements in the history of Buddhism in Taiwan. On the other hand, Buddhist women will be seen not only as result of a state of affairs, but also as 'creators' of the Buddhist patterns present on the island. During the Qing dynasty there were few ordained Buddhist women but a large number of Vegetarian Women. This situation was a consequence of many obstacles met by Buddhist women in becoming fully ordained, and, in these terms, adhering to the Vegetarian Religion was a less difficult way to follow the Buddhist path. The situation of the Buddhist nuns in Taiwan during the Japanese occupation is closely connected to the activism of the founders of the Four Great Lineages (si da menpai) of Taiwanese Buddhism: Benyuan (1883-1946), Shanhui (1881-1945), Jueli (1881-1933) and Yongding (1877-1939). Because of these four monks' efforts, nuns' education was promoted and their position inside the monastery as well as in the larger community was elevated. Three major nunneries: Longhu Nunnery, Yuantong Chan Nunnery and Pilu Chan Nunnery marked the first step in the historical development and renewal process of the Bhiksuni Sangha in Taiwan. The three phases of the history of Buddhism in the post-war Taiwan were expansion of nuns' full ordination and their activities. The first period (1946-1960) is characterized by the arrival of well-known Buddhist monks from Mainland China. Through their support, the Triple Altar Ordination Ceremony was held at Daxian Monastery (Tainan) in 1953 as the first full ordination ceremony organized in Taiwan after 1945. The second period (1961-1980) saw a constant improvement of the Buddhist education, and the founding of a number of Buddhist institutes. The third period began in 1981, and saw a steady development of nuns' social engagement in the preceding phase, such as spreading the Dharma, improving education, participating in charity missions and organizing medical services for the needy. The multifaceted reality of Buddhist women can be taken as a lens through which to explore and to define the historical development of Buddhism in Taiwan. Buddhist women shaped the identity of Taiwanese Buddhism, and at the same time are a mark of the identity of Taiwanese Buddhism.
Kobe University, Dec. 2007, Journal of cross-cultural studies, 29, 117 - 131, JapaneseThe notion of dhammamata is one of the last items of the legacy of the late Buddhadasa Bhikkhu. In order to accord women practitioners better social status and provide them with opportunities for spiritual training, Buddhadasa avoided committing himself to the reintroduction of bhikkuni ordination. Instead, he proposed the notion of dharnmamata, which literally means 'dhamma mother'. This article postulates that by using the metaphor of the mother, Buddhadasa invited less conflict, appealing to the high respect which Thai people generally held for women. Moreover, the article argues that with dhammamata Buddhadasa challenged the common notion of motherhood which usually regards women as nurturers of the Sangha. Dhammamata nurture people's spirituality through their teaching and virtues. Whilst the social impact of dhammamata cannot be compared to that of bhikkuni, whose yellow robes visually suggest a status equivalent to that of male bhikkhu, the concept of dhammamata was a new creation revolving around the image of the female religious teacher, a role that Buddhist women had wanted.
CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS, Oct. 2007, JOURNAL OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN STUDIES, 38 (3), 409 - 432, English[Refereed]
Scientific journal
- Feb. 2005, Sakyadhita, 14-2, 7 – 9, EnglishOrdained women in yellow robes: an unfamiliar 'tradition' in contemporary Thailand
International conference proceedings
- Kobe University, Mar. 2004, 国際文化学, 10, 17-35, 17 - 35, JapaneseBuddhism in Cambodia: its experience of two communist regimes and social engagement
[Refereed]
Scientific journal
- 2004, Cross-Cultural Studies Review, 第10号、17-35頁, JapaneseBuddhism in Cambodia: its experience of two communist regimes and social engagement
[Refereed]
Scientific journal
- 2004, WFB Review, Vol. XLI No. 1, pp. 59 – 63, EnglishWomen's rights, ordination and dhamma practice: a reflection on recent movements of Thai Buddhist women
Scientific journal
- 2004, Karma Lekshe Tsomo (ed.), Bridging worlds: Buddhist women’s voices across generations (Taipei: Yuan Chuan Press), , 120-124, EnglishNew beginnings: the bhikkhuni movement in contemporary Thailand
International conference proceedings
- 2003, David W. Chappell (ed.), Socially engaged spirituality: essays in honor of Sulak Sivaraksa on his 70th birthday (Bangkok: Sathirakoses-Nagapradipa Foundation), , 241-250, EnglishSulak and engaged Buddhists in Contemporary Thai history
International conference proceedings
- Mar. 1999, 上智アジア学, 17, 147-181, EnglishBuddhist women in dhamma practice in contemporary Thailand: movements regarding their status as world renunciates
[Refereed]
Scientific journal
- 1999, The Journal of Sophia Asian Studies, 第17号、147-181頁, EnglishBuddhist women in dhamma practice in contemporary Thailand: movements regarding their status as world renunciates
Scientific journal
This essay examines the religious significance of Buddhadasa Bhikkhu's (1906-1993) thoughts in contemporary Thai Buddhism. He advocated the understanding and practice of "Dhamma", instead of the unconscious, routine practices of conventional Buddhism, to annihilate the internal sufferings. His teachings marked an epoch in Thai society.
Japan Society for Southeast Asian Studies, 1997, SOUTHERN ASIA, (26), 113 - 136
Buddhadasa's trials had historical precedings in the last century. The Thammayut Movement headed by Prince Mongkut had been critical of the 'superstitious' beliefs and the lack of knowledge about Buddhist philosophy since the early nineteenth century. His son and successor, Prince Patriarch Wachirayan Warorot continued this movement to promote scriptural knowledge. The authorized understandings of Buddhist doctrine had been diffused through the educational hierarchy of the centralized national sangha by the beginning of this century.
Along with this expansion of Buddhist education, questions on the unnatural religious discourses like heaven and hell in the next life were often discussed with suspicion among intellectuals in 1930s. All of three viewpoints on the next life, either positive, negative or neutral, agreed that the moral order of social life in this world would suffer if the actual existence of the next world is denied. It was Buddhadasa who made a break-through on the question of morality and mysterious religious discourses by teaching "Dhamma": the essence of Buddhism.
Buddhadasa started to search for the "Dhamma" of Buddhism, instead of conventional "practical religion" of Thai Buddhism, in Thailand's national Buddhist education which had been prepared by Wachirayan. First, Buddhadasa tried to learn essential Buddhism in scriptural orthodoxy, but he came to its dead end. He found his way out in the "practice" of Dhamma through meditation practice and Zen style of everyday life. He revived meditation practice in the modern world as a means of capturing the insight necessary to extinguish internal sufferings; rather than a means of cultivating magical power as traditional meditation monks had practiced. Also, he taught to look within oneself by introducing Zen Buddhism to the Theravada Buddhists who were more concerned with merit-making practice to achieve better rebirth. Now his teachings play an active role in the mission of Buddhism to the born Buddhists of Thailand, rather than to the non-Buddhists of foreign countries.
In Buddhadasa's thoughts, the "Dhamma" of Buddhism which is Buddhism for extinguishing one's internal sufferings, was essential. On the perceptual level, Buddhadasa denied earthly expectations of religious practice, such as a wish for heaven and a fear for hell, which prevented one's awareness of internal sufferings. He preached that the unnatural religious discourses about subjects like hell, the hungry ghost and even the nibbana, were all psychological phenomena within the self of individuals living in this world, whose existence was the only tangible reality for the modern intellectuals. On the practical level, he invited people to achieve emptiness of mind by staying away from attachment, either through meditation practice or in conscious everyday life. He believed that it was the practice of internal emptiness that sustained the moral order in this world, instead of behavior based on the religious reward.
Buddhadasa's disciples and followers remarked that they have been attracted to Buddhadasa's teaching on practice of Dhamma, rather than his rational, demythologized interpretations of unscientific religious discourses. This suggests that the Buddhadasa's efforts to bring the internal practice of "Dhamma" to people's attention, was significant for the contemporary Thai Buddhists.- 1997, Southeast Asia History and Culture, 第26号、113-136頁, Japanese"Dhamma" study and practice in contemporary Thailand: thoughts of Buddhadasa Bhikkhu
[Refereed]
Scientific journal
MISC
- 神戸大学大学院国際文化学研究科, Jul. 2017, 国際文化学研究 : 神戸大学大学院国際文化学研究科紀要, (48), 1 - 16, EnglishThe Path of Ubasika Ki Nanayon (1901-1974) : A Thai Woman's Dhamma Practice in the Form of "Ubasika"
- Jul. 2011, タイ国情報, 45(3)、83-93頁, Japaneseタイ華人の習合的信仰世界における仏教と道教の境界についての小考察
Others
- 2010, 中外日報, 27399: 6-6, Japaneseサキャディーター国際女性仏教徒会議リポート②ベトナムの輝く尼僧たち
Others
- 2010, 中外日報, 27389: 6-6, Japaneseサキャディーター国際女性仏教徒会議リポート①世界の女性仏教徒と交流
Others
- 2009, 中外日報, 27338: 6-6, Japaneseアジアの知られざる仏教⑱―スリランカ＜下＞
Introduction scientific journal
- 2009, 中外日報, 27336: 4-4, Japaneseアジアの知られざる仏教⑰―スリランカ＜上＞
Introduction scientific journal
- Jun. 2008, Religion and Society, 第14号87-105頁, JapaneseIn search of gender equality in Tibetan Buddhism: the 14th Dalai Lama, Western bhikkhuni, international sangha and scholars
[Refereed]
Others
- 2005, WFB Review, Vol. XLII No. 2 – 3, EnglishRole of Zen nuns in today's Japan: Master Shundo Aoyama's view on Japanese Buddhist monastic practice
Introduction scientific journal
- May 2004, WFB Review, 61-1, 59 – 63, EnglishWomen's rights, ordination and dhamma practice: a reflection on recent movements of Thai Buddhist women
Others
- 2003, 綾部恒雄・林行夫（編）『タイを知るための６0章』明石書店, , 317 – 320, JapaneseBuddhadasa: a teaching to cease sufferings
Others
- 山川出版社, 1997, 東南アジア 歴史と文化, (26), 113 - 136, Japanese現代タイ仏教における「ダンマ」の理解と実践--プッタタート比丘の思想
Books etc
- Others, めこん, Oct. 2016, Japanese, パー理学仏教文化学会編による上座仏教の仏典研究、歴史研究、地域文化研究など総合的な情報を盛り込んだ事典。, ISBN: 9784839602994上座仏教辞典
Dictionary or encycropedia
- Joint work, State University of New York Press, 2014, English, in the book, Ito co-authored the chapter on the pioneering bhikkhunis who reestablished the bhikkhuni sangha in contemporary Sri Lanka and Thailand., ISBN: 9781438451312Eminent Buddhist Women
Scholarly book
- Joint work, 法蔵館, 2010, Japanese挑戦する仏教―アジア各国の歴史といま―
General book
- Single translation, 神戸大学大学院国際文化学研究科紀要『国際文化学研究』, Dec. 2007, JapaneseStefania Travagnin (author); Tomomi Ito (trans.), "Buddhist Nuns and Female Buddhism in Taiwan: Historaical Patterns and Engendered Values"
Others
- Single work, WFB Review., Jan. 2007, EnglishRole of Zen nuns in today's Japan: Master Shundo Aoyama's view on Japanese Buddhist monastic practice
Others
- Joint work, Sri Satguru Publications, 2006, EnglishOut of the shadows: socially engaged Buddhist women
Scholarly book
- Joint work, Out of the shadows: socially engaged Buddhist women, edited by Karma Lekshe Tsomo, Delhi: Sri Satguru Publications, 2006, EnglishOrdained women in yellow robes: an unfamiliar 'tradition' in contemporary Thailand
Scholarly book
- Joint translation, Semsikkhalai Press, 2006Zen beauty: seeds of dhamma from women's perspective
General book
- Joint translation, Semsikkhalai Press, 2006Zen beauty: seeds of dhamma from women's perspective
Others
- Joint work, Delhi: Sri Satguru Publications, 2006, EnglishKarma Lekshe Tsomo (ed), Out of the Shadows: Socially Engaged Buddhist Women
Scholarly book
- Bangkok: Samnakphim Semsikalai, 2006Aoyama Shundo (Chofa Chetana (trans.), Tomomi Ito and Pracha Hutanuwatr (eds), Zen Beauty: seeds of dhamma from a woman's perspective.
Others
- Single work, WFB Review., 2005, EnglishRole of Zen nuns in today's Japan: Master Shundo Aoyama's view on Japanese Buddhist monastic practice
Others
- Joint work, Sathaban Withithat, 200599th anniversary of Buddhadasa Bhikkhu: religion and new physics
Scholarly book
- Joint work, 99th anniversary of Buddhadasa Bhikkhu: religion and new physics, , editor unknown, Bangkok: Sathaban Withithat, 200599th anniversary of Buddhadasa Bhikkhu: religion and development
Scholarly book
- Joint work, Yuan Chuan Press, 2004, EnglishBridging worlds: Buddhist women's voices across generation
Scholarly book
- Joint work, Akashi Shoten, 2003, Japanese60 chapters to learn Thailand
General book
- Joint work, Sathirakoses-Nagapradipa Foundation, 2003, EnglishSocially engaged spirituality: essays in honor of Sulak Sivaraksa on his 70th birthday
General book
Presentations
- 12th Sakyadhita International Conference on Buddhist Women, Jun. 2011, English, Sakyadhita International Association of Buddhist Women, Bangkok, Thailand/Sathira Dhammasathan, International conferenceLaunch of a Bhikkhuni Order in Thailand: Monastic Education and Establishment of Tradition
Oral presentation
- The XVIth Congress of the International Association of Buddhist Studies, Jun. 2011, English, International Association of Buddhist Studies, Jinshan Taipei, Taiwan/Dharma Drum Buddhist College, International conferenceDhammic Socialism: A Buddhist vision of just social order in 1970s' Thailand
Oral presentation
- パーリ学仏教文化学会定例研究会, Nov. 2010, Japanese, パーリ学仏教文化学会, 駒澤大学, Domestic conferenceスリランカとタイにおける比丘尼サンガ復興と僧院教育
Invited oral presentation
- 11th Sakyadhita International Conference on Buddhist Women, Dec. 2009, English, 普光寺（ベトナム・ホーチミン市）, International conferencePioneering bhikkhunis in contemporary Sri Lanka and Thailand
Oral presentation
- 10th Sakyadhita International Conference on Buddhist Women, Jul. 2008, English, Sakyadhita: The International Association of Buddhist Women, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, International conferenceQuestions of Ordination Legitimacy for the newly ordained: Theravada bhikkhuni in Thailand
Oral presentation
- Asian Journey: Public lecture series, May 2008, Japanese, Institute of Asian Culture, Sophia University, Sophia University, Tokyo, Japan, Domestic conferenceTheravada Buddhism and nuns: bhikkhuni restoration in Thailand and Sri Lanka
Invited oral presentation
- Studies group on society and culture in Southeast Asia, Feb. 2008, Japanese, 「東南アジアの社会と文化」研究会, Kyoto University, Domestic conferenceIs the bhikkhuni sangha restoration possible in Thailand?: issues regarding ordination legitimacy
Invited oral presentation
- The first International Congress on Buddhist Women's Role in the Sangha: Bhikshuni Vinaya and Ordination Lineages, Jul. 2007, English, The congress is organized by the Studienstiftung für Buddhismus (Foundation for Buddhist Studies) and takes place in co-operation with the Asia-Africa-Institute of the University of Hamburg., ハンブルク, ドイツ, International conference"Bhikkhuni restoration in Theravada Buddhism: grounds of _ authenticity for newly ordained bhikkhunis"
Invited oral presentation
- Sakyadhita International Conference on Buddhist Women, Jun. 2006, English, Sakyadhita International Association of Buddhist Women, クアラルンプール, マレーシア, International conferenceDhammamata: Bhikkhu Buddhadasa's approach for uplifting women's status in dhamma practice
Oral presentation
- 99 pi phutthathat phikkhu: sasana kap kan-phatthana (99th years of Buddhadasa Bhikkhu: religion and development), May 2005, Khlongkan parinya-ek kanchana phisek & So. Ko. Wo., Bangkok, Thailand, International conferenceComparing Buddhadasa's thought with Mahayana Buddhism: Did he depart from Theravadaness?
Invited oral presentation
- Semsikalai Vientiane, Feb. 2005, Semsikalai, Vientiane, Laos, International conferenceObservance of monastic precepts: Mahayana philosophy and relations between the state and the Sangha in Japanese history
Invited oral presentation
- Prince Mongkut and reform of Thai Buddhism, Aug. 2004, English, World Buddhist University, Bangkok, Thailand, International conferencePrince Mongkut and reform of Thai Buddhism
Invited oral presentation
- 8th Sakyadhita International Conference on Buddhist Women, Jun. 2004, English, Sakyadhita, Seoul, South Korea, International conferenceOrdained women in yellow robes: introduction of an unfamiliar 'tradition' in contemporary Thailand
Oral presentation
- Outstanding Women in Buddhism Awards Awarding ceremony, Mar. 2003, English, Committee for Outstanding Women in Buddhism Awards, Bangkok, Thailand, International conferenceWomen's rights, ordination and dhamma practice: a reflection on recent movements of Thai Buddhist women
Invited oral presentation
- 7th Sakyadhita International Conference on Buddhist Women,, Jul. 2002, English, Sakyadhita, Taipei, Taiwan, International conferenceThe state of Buddhist women and the bhikkhuni restoration movement in contemporary Thailand
Oral presentation
- 8th International Conference on Thai Studies, Jan. 2002, English, International Conference on Thai Studies, Nakhon Phanom, Thailand, International conferenceComplementing the loss of ordained women in Thai Buddhism: the path of Ubasika Ki Nanayon and Buddhadasa Bhikkhu's female disciples
Oral presentation
- Conference: Research on Thailand in the 1990s, Aug. 2000, English, Conference: Research on Thailand in the 1990s, Canberra, Australia, International conferenceDevelopment of social aspects in contemporary Thai Buddhism: thoughts and activities of engaged Buddhists
Oral presentation
- Work-in-progress seminar, Aug. 1999, English, Faculty of Asian Studies, Canberra, Australia, International conferenceThe impact of Marxism on Thai Buddhists: Buddhadasa and his disciples in the 1970s
Oral presentation
- Thai Studies Workshop, Nov. 1997, English, Thai Studies Workshop, Canberra, Australia, International conferenceBuddhadasa Bhikkhu and his intellectual circle in Thailand: 1932 _ 1973
Oral presentation
- 14th conference of the International Association of the Historians of Asia, May 1996, English, International Association of the Historians of Asia, Bangkok, Thailand, International conferenceA Buddhadasa's message to the born Buddhists
Oral presentation